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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    European silver fir - an alternative for the dying Norway spruce in Bialowieza Forest?
    Autorzy:
    Marozau, Aleh
    Mielcarek, Miłosz
    Krok, Grzegorz
    Paluch, Rafał
    Chilinski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041262.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    artificial origin
    old trees
    adult generation
    trees conditions
    Opis:
    The condition of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) in the Białowieża Forest is categorized as a crisis. It is believed that due to the cooling in the Holocene, the then-relict species of the forest, silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), disappeared from its ecosystems and then spruce appeared. Today’s climate change presents challenges to our civilization, including to forestry. However, there is no information at all about how this affected the silver fir in the Białowieża Forest. In the Polish part of the forest (subcompartment 498 Сi, Białowieża Forest District), for the first time a comprehensive study has been carried out on the condition of mature fir trees planted by man and on their progeny. The results indicate high forestry-taxation indicators of trees, resistance to the abiotic factor and competitiveness. Their constitution corresponds to local environmental conditions. However, the disproportionately small number of adult natural regeneration of old firs indicated some kind of malfunction in the mechanism of natural generational change.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 2; 150-166
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Monument trees in the Kampinos National Park (Central Poland): A review
    Autorzy:
    Szczepkowski, Andrzej
    Tyburski, Łukasz
    Sułkowska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041515.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    Kampinos Forest
    very large trees
    venerable trees
    natural monument
    nature conservation
    Opis:
    The paper presents the history of the protection of trees with special values, the current state of monument trees and the preliminary description of trees meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments in the Kampinos National Park (KNP). The study was conducted in the years 2017–2019. In the KNP, there are 69 living trees with a status of natural monuments. Most of them are oaks – 56 specimens, Scots pine – 6 specimens, small-leaved lime – 5 specimens and European hornbeam and European ash – 1 specimen each. Among all, 27 trees grow individually and the other 42 grow in 7 groups. About 200 trees were recognised as meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments. The thickest size tree in the KNP is the black poplar with a circumference of 805 cm, growing in the enclave of Ruska Kępa, and the thickest monument tree in the KNP area is Dąb Kobędzy (Kobendza Oak) with a circumference of 582 cm. Almost a half of the living monument trees (34 specimens) are situated in Kampinos Forest District. In Kromnów, there are 20, and in Laski Forest District 15 specimens of monument trees are mapped. Living monument trees were found in 15 (out of 17) forest subdistricts. The highest number of monument trees was found in Rózin Forest Subdistrict (16) and in Wilków Forest Subdistrict (10). The lowest number – one specimen per forest subdistrict – was found in six forest subdistricts (Dąbrówka, Grabina, Janówek, Krzywa Góra, Rybitew and Zamczysko). In total, there are around 300 specimens of natural monuments and trees meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments, which means that there is one tree of this category for each 125 ha surface of the KNP.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 3; 210-219
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Monitoring of spruce stands in the Czerwona Woda river catchment of the Stołowe Mountains National Park
    Autorzy:
    Strzeliński, Paweł
    Turski, Mieczysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044143.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    tree biometrics
    model trees
    Kraft classes
    Opis:
    In the spring of 2017, Stołowe Mountains National Park started a research program related to the protection of water resources. The research program was started because of, among others, the growing problems of water resources and the dying of spruce trees. One of the projects commissioned by the Park was ‘Monitoring the impact of renaturisation and hydrological status on changes in the biomass of trees and stands’. The monitoring covered spruce stands growing along the main watercourse of the Park (the Czerwona Woda). As a part of the study, three rectangular surfaces (from 0.45 to 0.50 ha) and 10 circular areas (0.04 ha each) were established. On fenced rectangular surfaces, 10 model trees were selected using the Draudt method. They were monitored using hemispheric cameras (changes in crowns), dendrometers (changes in the circumference of stems) and minirhizotronami (changes in the root layer). In addition to the measurements of all the trees on the surface, imaging with terrestrial laser scanning and hemispherical images was done. The data and results presented in this work were created as a result of the implementation of a project financed from funds related to the forestry fund of the State Forests National Forest Holding.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 1; 90-95
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    State of in situ forest genetic resources of broadleaved tree species in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Neyko, Ihor
    Monarkh, Veronika
    Poznyakova, Svitlana
    Matusyak, Mykhailo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041256.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    gene reserves
    plus stands
    plus trees
    soil conditions
    climatic parameters
    Opis:
    Forest genetic resources (FGRs) are an important source of biodiversity conservation and forest restoration. Today, more than 600 genetic reserves (GRs) of more than 30 main forest tree species have been allocated in Ukraine. The main aim of the work is to reveal the features of the distribution, environmental condition and the trends of state of in situ gene sources of broadleaved tree species in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Based on the research results, it has been established that the share of FGR in situ is only 0.3–0.5% of the total forest area of the region. The predominant species of forest stands of the region are English oak (Quercus robur L.) – 37.7%, European beach (Fagus sylvatica L.) – 26.8% and Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) – 7.6%. The in situ locations of Black alder (Alnus incana L.), Sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), English oak and Common ash are characterized by the highest average annual temperature (8.1–8.2°С), the accumulated temperatures for the growing season (3111.9–3237.1°С). Stands with the European beech predominance are allocated in better moisture conditions by the precipitation-temperatures ratio (Selianinov Hydrothermal Index (HTI) – 1.769–1.802; climatic index by Vorobyov – 2.707–2.951). The in situ gene pool conservation units are defined by 12 soil types that are included in the 7 main groups according to the FAO international classification. The largest number of sites, 67 (56.8%), is concentrated on grey and dark-grey forest soils (Haplic Greyzems) (47%). According to the research results, GRs are not evenly distributed, they do not fully reflect the environmental diversity, and their area is negligible. We indicated the unsatisfactory condition of most genetic reserves. It was caused by reducing the share of main tree species, decrease in relative stocking density of stands and tree-breeding structure and deterioration of tree stands condition. This requires the development and implementation of an integration strategy based on the established concept of developing a national ecological network on both national and pan-European levels.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 2; 88-96
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Deadwood in the oak forests of the Left Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Yarotskiy, Volodymyr Yu.
    Pasternak, Volodymyr P.
    Nazarenko, Vitalii V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041948.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    coarse woody debris
    dead trees (snags)
    dead logs
    growing stock
    stand
    Opis:
    Deadwood is an important component of forest ecosystems, and difference in the deadwood carbon stock depends on many variables including forest management. The aim of our study was to determine the patterns of formation of deadwood stocks in oak (Quercus robur L.) forests in the Left Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. As an outcome of the research, the data on deadwood parameters were obtained. The growth characteristics and coarse woody debris (CWD) characteristics were measured on intensive monitoring and inventory plots. Assessment of morphometric parameters of the CWD in oak stands was carried out by measuring diameters at top and bottom cut and length; to determine the carbon content, deadwood density was used. The distribution of deadwood by tree species, sizes and stages of decomposition was defined. The stock of dead trees (snags) in oak forest is 15.2 m3/ha and that of logs is 21.5 m3/ha. The carbon accumulation in oak forest stands in the Left Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine was 3.4 and 4.5 t C/ha in dead trees and logs, respectively. The dynamics of deadwood stocks according to the results of repeated observations was given.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 4; 247-254
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ więźby sadzenia na wzrost i przeżywalność sosny zwyczajnej w okresie około 40 lat od założenia uprawy w zróżnicowanych warunkach siedliskowych
    The influence of plant spacing on growth and survival of Scots pine in various habitats during a 40 year period since stand establishment
    Autorzy:
    Gil, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1317297.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    uprawy lesne
    drzewa lesne
    wiezba drzew
    wiezba poczatkowa
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    wzrost roslin
    przezywalnosc
    warunki siedliskowe
    Scots pine
    plant spacing
    initial density
    survival of trees
    trees’ growth
    habitat conditions
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to characterise the influence of plant spacing on the survival and growth of pines in dry and fresh coniferous forest habitats after almost 40 years since stand establishment. In this study, we compared seven types of spacing, including square, rectangular and triangular configurations, with initial densities ranging from 6944 units/ha to 15 625 units/ha. The research covered two sites where no tending interventions of selective character were performed throughout the growth period. We found that habitat conditions had an influence on tree survival as well as growth in thickness and height in the pine forest stands. In the less fertile habitat, where competition between trees was less intense, about 1,5 to 2 times more trees survived than in the more fertile habitat. Pines growing in the fresh coniferous forest were taller and had substantially larger diameter breast heights (dbh) in comparison to pines of the dry coniferous forest. Additionally, habitat conditions had an influence on the spacing effect correctness of the analysed features. In the poorer habitat this influence was stronger, which showed in a greater differentiation of the analysed parameters as compared to the more fertile habitat. Average dbh values of all trees on the Płock surface increased with decreasing initial density and ranged from 8,24 cm in variant A (15 625 units/ha) to 9,79 cm in variant C (6944 units/ha). On the Łąck surface, trees growing at a lower density (variants C and E) were significantly thicker than trees growing at densities between10 000 units/ha and 15 625 units/ha (spacing variants A, B, F, G). Furthermore, our results showed a significant influence of habitat conditions and plant spacing on the thickness of pines belonging to the 1st biosocial class. Moreover, we found a positive influence of triangular-shaped spacing on the trees' thickness increment in the fresh coniferous forest, which confirms reports from other authors. Hence, we can deduce that triangular spacing enables trees to make better use of their surrounding space which positively impacts on their growth parameters. Based on these results, we can conclude that, in pine forests, there is a significant influence of habitat conditions on tree survival and growth in thickness and height. This study also showed significant differences between the types of plant spacing and their effect on pine shafts in the II age class. However, a relationship between height growth rate and initial density was not observed. In both of the investigated habitats, the highest trees were observed at densities around 11 500 units/ha with triangular spacing enhancing this effect.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 2; 117-125
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Parametry opadu deszczu wpływające na pojemność wodną korony drzew w warunkach kontrolowanych
    Rainfall parameters affect canopy storage capacity under controlled conditions
    Autorzy:
    Klamerus-Iwan, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1313194.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    drzewa lesne
    intercepcja
    badania laboratoryjne
    deszcze
    opady symulowane
    intensywnosc opadow
    wielkosc kropel
    korony drzew
    pojemnosc wodna
    pomiary laboratoryjne
    area of trees
    interception tank
    mock trees
    rainfall intensity
    size of raindrops
    sprinkler set
    Opis:
    The subject of this research was the interception of precipitation, which is defined as the amount of water that can be retained by the entire surface of a tree. The aim was to measure the rate of interception under laboratory conditions in order to determine influential factors. To eliminate water absorption that would occur in living trees, we employed models of deciduous and coniferous trees enabling us to examine the effect of precipitation characteristics and the surface area individually. A sprinkler system that automatically recorded the amounts of water retained on the models was set up in the laboratory. Precipitation was simulated using 5 different intensities with 3 different raindrop sizes. Interception rates were affected by both, the intensity of the precipitation and raindrop size. The time required to reach maximum crown filling with water was variable and depended on plant surface parameters as well as simulated precipitation. The maximum water capacity of crowns was not a constant value even within one tree model, but changed depending on precipitation characteristics.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 4; 353-358
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The current state and efficiency use of in situ and ex situ conservation units for seed harvesting in the central part of Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Neyko, Ihor
    Yurkiv, Zinoviy
    Matusiak, Mykhailo
    Kolchanova, Olena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044109.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    tree breeding
    in situ and ex situ conservation
    heritability
    progeny tests
    seed orchards
    plus trees
    Opis:
    Significant increase of biological stability, timber volume, and economic value of forests is impossible without refinement and improvement of the organization, and implementation of forest seed production on a genetic and breeding basis. It is possible to solve this task by creating and efficiently functioning in situ and ex situ facilities. In Ukraine, the basic principles of plus selection are envisaged, which include the selection and testing progeny of plus trees. The total number of progeny tests in Ukraine is 106 plots, in which 1,079 genotypes of plus trees are presented. Taking into account the total number of plus trees in Ukraine (4,560), only 23.7% was subjected to progeny tests. The largest number of progeny tests are represented by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) – 76 plots and a significantly smaller number of plots for English oak (Quercus robur L.) – 21. The corresponding representation of genotypes is for pine – 520, for oak – 365. The area of tree breeding units in Ukraine is very small (0.4–0.6%) of the total forest area in the region. Despite the available areas, the use of in situ and ex situ objects for harvesting seed in Ukraine is low, around 30%. In the central region of Ukraine, the share of in situ and ex situ objects from the total forest area is 0.1–0.5%. On these sites, from 0 to 54% is harvested, which is insufficient. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that the areas of permanent forest-seed base (in situ and ex situ units) are insignificant and their use is insufficient. Testing of more than 70% of the selected plus trees is required. An important trend is to study the genotype-environment interaction in connection with trends of global climate change.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 2; 146-155
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wykonania szlaków operacyjnych na wartość hodowlaną jednowiekowych drzewostanów sosnowych przy różnych metodach trzebieży
    The influence of the establishment of skid trails on the silvicultural quality of even-aged Scots pine stands in different thinning treatments
    Autorzy:
    Zachara, Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519606.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-11-23
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    silviculture
    Scots pine
    future crop trees
    tending cuts
    skid trails
    hodowla lasu
    sosna zwyczajna
    drzewa dorodne
    cięcia pielęgnacyjne
    szlaki operacyjne
    Opis:
    The study was conducted on a permanent experimental plot established in 1965 in the Kozienice Forest District to investigate the effects of spacing on the growth of Scots pine. Since 1999, the plot has also been used to study the effects of thinning - using a randomized block design. In this study, seven treatments (four blocks) out of a total of nine treatments present on the plot were included. The following treatments were tested: (1) moderate selective thinning TU1 and TU2 (focusing on 500 future crop trees per hectare evenly distributed on the plot), (2) group thinning TG1 and TG2 (focusing on the same number of future crop trees not evenly distributed on the plot), (3) heavy thinning TS1 and TS2 (focusing on 350 future crop trees per hectare), and (4) control plot (K, without thinning). During the last thinning, a network of skid trail s (each 17-18 m) was established in the study plot to enable the use of a harvester. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the establishment of skid trails on the loss of future crop trees in different treatments. All trees removed in the period 2015-2020 (including natural mortality and mortality caused by the establishment of skid trails) were counted and their basal area calculated. ANOVA was performed to investigate the influence of thinning treatments on natural and artificial loss of trees between successive thinnings. The largest total number and basal area of trees removed was found in control plot K. The greatest loss of future crop trees was observed in the plots treated with group thinning TG1. In plots with a lower number of future crop trees (TS1), the loss was zero. In summary, the establishment of skid trails in heavily thinned Scots pine stands with wide spacing is acceptable. The skid trails should be established before the selection of future crop trees.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2023, 83; 51-56
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Występowanie zgnilizny odziomkowej drzew matecznych jodły pospolitej Abies alba Mill. i świerka pospolitego Picea abies (L.) z nadleśnictw karpackich
    Butt rot occurrence in plus trees of Silver fir Abies alba Mill. and Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) from the Carpathians
    Autorzy:
    Chomicz-Zegar, E.
    Niemtur, S.
    Kapsa, M.
    Ambroży, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    drzewa lesne
    jodla pospolita
    Abies alba
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    drzewa mateczne
    zgnilizna odziomkowa
    wystepowanie
    Karpaty
    butt rot
    sonic tomography
    plus trees
    resistance
    Opis:
    Due to its hidden character, butt rot occurrence is not commonly included in the assessment of plus trees’ health status. Thus, the trees’ varied susceptibility to wood decay is not a target of breeding efforts. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of butt rot in fir and spruce plus trees from Carpathian seed stands. We employed the novel and non-invasive diagnostic method of sonic tomography to determine presence and severity of decay at the base of 110 plus trees of silver fir and 42 of Norway spruce. Butt rot in various stages of development occurred in 63% of investigated fir trees and in 45% of spruce trees. The proportion of damaged wood on the tomogram ranged from 0–38% in fir and 0–47% in spruce with similar average proportions of solid wood in all forest districts. The vast majority of trees was in the range of 80–90% solid wood. Plus trees of fir and spruce were affected by butt rot to a similar extent and the degree of damage increased with age in both species. However, a large variation in susceptibility to butt rot was found between individual trees leading to the conclusion that the identification of old trees, which wood is not decayed, may be the basis for further research on the resistance to butt rot.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 3
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odnowienia sosny zwyczajnej Pinus sylvestris L. w Karpatach w zależności od żyzności siedliska
    Regeneration of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. in the Carpathians depends on site fertility
    Autorzy:
    Ambrozy, S.
    Kapsa, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1290778.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    tereny gorskie
    Karpaty
    warunki siedliskowe
    zyznosc siedliska
    odnowienia lasu
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    cechy biometryczne
    uszkodzenia drzew
    mountain region
    site conditions
    biometric features
    damage to trees
    damaging agents
    Opis:
    The aim of this work was to determine the biometric features of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. regeneration in terms of their susceptibility to weather-inflicted damage. We compared the damage between three sites located in the Polish part of the Carpathians: Scots pine planted in (I) fertile sites of mountain broadleaved and mixed broadleaved forest, (II) poor sites of mountain coniferous forest and (III) sites of Scots pine natural refuges during the post-glacial period. In each of the three sites of pine regeneration, 11 research plots were established with 50 pine trees on each plot. For each tree, the following biometric measurements were taken: diameter at breast height, height, three-year height increment, crown length and crown width measured along the contour line. The Scots pine regeneration was found to vary in terms of their biometric features depending on the site fertility. In fertile sites, the biometric parameters of the trees increased at a faster rate compared to low-fertility sites causing an increase in their susceptibility to damage by adverse weather conditions such as snow and rime. Therefore, the silvicultural risk in fertile sites is high and thus the introduction of pine for regeneration should be avoided in fertile broadleaved and mixed broadleaved forests even if pine provenances from a mountain origin are to be planted. Furthermore, tending cuts in regeneration should be made frequently, but with moderate intensity as to avoid excessive reductions in tree density. Intensive cuts, especially in fertile sites, promote the expansion of pine crowns, which further increases the risk of damage.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2019, 80, 3
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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