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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Macroeconomic stability as the condition for Bulgaria to join the euro area
    Autorzy:
    Moździerz, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22446419.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    macroeconomic equilibrium
    macroeconomic stability
    monetary union
    convergence criteria
    Opis:
    Research background: The subject of research is the macroeconomic situation of Bulgaria in the context of the country's preparations for joining the euro area. In 2018, the Bulgarian government approved a plan of preparations covering the period until the end of June 2019, which assumes that the country will join the ERM II mechanism in July 2019, and the euro area on 1 January 2022. Bulgaria meets four nominal convergence criteria regarding inflation, long-term interest rate, budget deficit and public debt. The national currency is pegged to the euro under the currency board arrangement. Despite this, the implementation of this optimistic scenario may be difficult because since the 2007 crisis, the European institutions pay more attention to macroeconomic stability and the sustainability of convergence. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to identify the factors destabilising macroeconomic equilibrium in Bulgaria, which are a potential obstacle to the adoption of the euro by Bulgaria on schedule. Methods: The research was based on the changes in selected macroeconomic indicators, as well as on the method used by the European Commission to detect macroeconomic imbalances. The observation and analysis covered the 2007?2018 period.  Findings & Value added: The research results indicate that the low level of socio-economic convergence of Bulgaria and macroeconomic imbalances may delay its membership in the monetary union. Therefore, while respecting the country's aspirations to join the euro area, one cannot ignore the risk of another destabilisation of the euro area. 
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2019, 14, 2; 295-315
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ORDOLIBERALISM AND THE MACROECONOMIC POLICY IN THE FACE OF THE EURO CRISIS
    Autorzy:
    Moszyński, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517387.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    Germany
    macroeconomic policy
    ordoliberalism
    rules
    economic order
    Opis:
    The global economic crisis and the crisis in the euro zone exposed the deep differences of opinion between German economists and scientists from Anglo-Saxon countries. The German approach conceptually differs in the views on the strategies and tools of anti-crisis policy, especially fiscal stimulus in the Keynesian-style, quantitative easing monetary policy of the ECB, the question of financial assistance to Greece and restructuring its debt. The other areas of difference are the approach to the rules in macroeconomic policy, fiscal consolidation, and interpretation of current account surplus. Given the size and performance of the German economy it is important to understand the reasons for these opposites, which constitute the research goal of this article. Considerations are based on the thesis that ordoliberal thought still has a strong impact on the practice of macroeconomic policy in Germany and also at the European level. The analysis is built on the short overview of ideological foundations of the German social market economy and its most important postulates, which then will be applied for interpretation of intellectual distinctions between economists from Germany and other countries in the theoretical and practical dimensions of the economic policy observed in Europe. The methodology includes the critical literature studies and the comparative analysis of macroeconomic policy through the prism of economic thought.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 4; 41-58
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Model Assessing Innovativeness of Administration Units Awarding Public Contracts as a Tool to Conduct Economic Policy of the State
    Autorzy:
    Borowiec, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    macroeconomic policy
    policy making
    innovations
    public procurement
    Opis:
    In today's market economy factors concerning knowledge, new technologies and innovative solutions are essential for economic development. However, the Polish economy, despite its high innovation potential compared to other European Union countries, is characterized by a very low level of innovativeness. Implementing this potential is conditioned with an appropriate economic policy of the state and rational approach to its resources and legal solutions. One of the possibilities of such an action is the use of public procurement instrument through which it is possible to more effectively create demand for innovative products and services. As shown by literature studies, the achievements of the subject literature associated with the creation of demand for innovations by public administration in Poland have been very modest. This gap is recognized the article and it attempts to build a model for assessing the innovativeness of these units. Network thinking methodology was used to build the model. As a result, after the identification of factors affecting the conduct of an innovative public procurement, a network of links was established between them and examined in terms of type, intensity and duration of exposure. Building a model according to the methodology, the opinions of experts have been used along with long-term observations conducted in the course of participation in all kinds of conferences and trainings. The model was also subjected to validation in two selected units.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 2; 93-114
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A novel approach to estimating the debt capacity of European SMEs
    Autorzy:
    Karas, Michal
    Režňáková, Mária
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22401577.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    debt capacity
    financial distress
    macroeconomic factors
    financial constraints
    Opis:
    Research background: The concept of debt capacity assumes that a maximum value of debt ratio exists that when exceeded triggers unfavourable consequences, such as drop in market value, default or a change in the business' creditworthiness. With the current state of the art there is a priori no theoretical assurance that such a specific value exists, or rather it is represented by an interval of values. Beyond that, our understanding of debt capacity is often limited to a theoretical approximation by firm-specific factors, while the context of macroeconomic factors, especially those critical for SMEs, is neglected. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to estimating SMEs' debt capacity. Further, the aim is to answer the question of what firm-level and macroeconomy conditions lead to exhausting the SMEs' debt capacity and under what conditions a specific value of maximum debt capacity could be estimated. Methods: To estimate the debt capacity, we suggest a use of an information entropy minimising heuristic and the Minimal Description Length Principle. In this approach, the observed feature space is categorised into several regions. In this case, such a region represents a set of firm- and macroeconomy-specific conditions forming the debt capacity of the SMEs. To the best of our knowledge, such an approach has not yet been used in debt capacity applications. Findings & value added: We found out that the debt ratio itself provides little explanation of exhausted debt capacity, suggesting that high debt levels are compensated for by other factors. By using the suggested approach, a set of more than 100 different regions was analysed. It was found that in case of five regions (sets of conditions) the debt capacity is exhausted, as the high level of debt has significant distress consequences.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2023, 18, 2; 551-581
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cointegration analysis and VECM of FDI, employment, export and GDP in Croatia (2002-2017) with particular reference to the global crisis and poor macroeconomic governance
    Autorzy:
    Škare, Marinko
    Franc-Dąbrowska, Justyna
    Cvek, Dajana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444360.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    FDI
    VECM model
    macroeconomic variables
    long-term equilibrium
    crisis
    Opis:
    Research background: The preconditions for attracting foreign investment are political stability and long-term capital investment, positively influencing the recipient country's development. During the crisis as well as in the unstable political environment, economic agents engage in speculative and risky acts for faster earnings. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to point out the importance of foreign direct investments (FDI) and other macroeconomic variables and their relationship with particular reference to the Croatian economy in 2002-2017. Methods: We use ADF test, development of the VECM model, testing of the stability of the VECM model, decomposition of the variance of the predictive errors of the variables, analysis of responses to unit orthogonal pulses. The vector correction auto-regression model (VECM) explores the long-term relationship between (FDI) and macroeconomic indicators in crisis time. Findings & Value-added: Applying the VECM model, we find that employment, export, and GDP variables are exogenous in the short term. The FDI variable is statistically significant and adjusts for the long-run equilibrium. Analyzing the responses to unit shocks, we conclude there is weak feedback of the observed variables and a weak effect of the observed variables in the Croatian economy. The FDI variable does not affect GDP, employment, and exports in Croatia due to poor macroeconomic management, corruption, regional development, inefficiency, and inefficient foreign direct investment structure.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 4; 761-783
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of the Central and Eastern Europe Economies in the Years 2007-2010 Based on the Model of the Macroeconomic Stabilization Pentagon
    Autorzy:
    Żuchowska, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517136.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    Macroeconomic Stabilization Pentagon
    global crisis
    Central and Eastern Europe
    Opis:
    The model of the macroeconomic stabilisation pentagon allows for a quick insight into the most important macroeconomic indicators of an economy in question. On the basis of this concept -comparing pentagrams for particular years - changes of the economic condition of countries can be examined. Moreover, the analysis of each of the adopted criteria allows for the evaluation of achievement of particular goals by a country in terms of its economic policy. The aim of this article is to describe the condition of Central and Eastern Europe countries in the years 2007-2010. The economies analysed were compared at two levels. The first level concerned the macroeconomic situation of all economies in particular years just before and during the global economic crisis. At the second level, the changes in the analysed indicators in particular economies of Central and Eastern Europe were compared. The results of the analysis shall contribute to the formulation of conclusions concerning the influence of the financial crisis upon the macroe-conomic situation of the CEE countries.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2013, 8, 4; 49-64
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Macroeconomic imbalance procedure (MIP) scoreboard indicators and their predictive strength of ?multidimensional crises?
    Autorzy:
    Biegun, Krzysztof
    Karwowski, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444434.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    macroeconomic imbalance procedure
    economic crisis
    multidimensional crisis
    ordered probit model
    Opis:
    Research background: The evaluation of the predictive strength of MIP indicators in relation to crises is extremely important for the process of coordinating the economic policies of the EU countries. MIP is one of the pillars of the economic crisis prevention procedure. Predictive power of individual indicators has not been tested before their introduction. Purpose of the article: Evaluation of the predictive strength of fourteen MIP indicators in relation to multidimensional crises in the EU countries. Methods: We used ordered probit model to test the ability of MIP indicators to correctly predict episodes of ?multidimensional crises? (as defined by the authors) in the period between 2008 and 2017 in all EU Member States. Findings & Value added: We defined ?multidimensional crises?, combining several negative phenomena into one limited dependent variable. This work is also novel in its application of probit regression to test the predictive strength of MIP indicators with an ordered probit model. We identified five MIP variables which were statistically significant in predicting ?multidimensional crises? for all EU countries: net international investment position, nominal unit labour cost index, house price index, private sector credit flow and general government gross debt. Other variables turned out to be less important or not effective in crises prediction.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 1; 11-28
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    MACROECONOMIC POLICY REGIME IN POLAND
    Autorzy:
    Kazandziska, Milka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    macroeconomic regime
    open economy policies
    emerging countries
    industrial policy
    Polska
    Opis:
    The goal of this paper is to analyse the economic development of Poland using the concept of macroeconomic policy regimes (MPRs). Six elements of a MPR will be identified: foreign economic policy, industrial policy, the financial system, wage policy, monetary policy and fiscal policy. Examining the functionality of the development of these elements applied to Poland is a further aim of this paper. The functionality of the development of the MPR elements will be analysed on the basis of the fulfilment of the objectives, as well as the use of the proposed instruments and strategy assigned to every element of MPR. Due to space limits, we are going to focus on the former in this paper. Taking into consideration that Poland is an emerging and a relatively open economy, foreign economic policy and industrial policy play very significant roles in restructuring of the economy towards production and exports of high value-added products, which would enable the country to follow a growth path consistent with an external balance. The financial needs of the manufacturing sector and particularly of the producers and/or exporters of high-end products need to be satisfied by the financial system, whose stability needs to be secured with the help of monetary policy. The latter is, moreover, in charge of providing low-cost finance and maintaining the stability of the exchange rate. Stabilising the inflation rate would be given to wage policy. Fiscal policy’s main tasks would be to correct aggregate demand shocks and reduce income inequality.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 3; 411-436
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS OF BANKS’ CREDIT RATINGS
    Autorzy:
    Chodnicka-Jaworska, Patrycja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517134.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    country credit rating
    bank credit rating
    country risk
    macroeconomic determinants
    Opis:
    Research background: The practical analysis suggests that credit ratings are especially significant for banks. The literature review suggests that in previous analysis researchers usually took into consideration financial factors of the banks’ credit ratings methodology. This article analyses the impact of macroeconomic factors on the banks’ credit ratings. Purpose of the article: The paper examines and analyses the impact of the macroeconomic risk factors on the credit ratings received by banks. In the article, the methodology of credit risk assessment proposed by Moody’s Investor Service and Standard & Poor’s Financial Service is presented. Two hypotheses are put herein. The first one is: Changes in countries’ credit ratings convey new information and influence on banks’ financial condition. The second hypothesis is: A highly-developed, stable economy with an advanced financial market has a positive influence on banks’ credit rating assessment. Methods: The study used banks’ and countries’ ratings assigned by Standard & Poor's and Moody's for the period from 1 January 2005 to 1 January 2016. To verify the hypotheses static panel data models have been applied. Findings & Value added: In credit rating agencies guidelines and previous research, the impact of countries’ credit ratings on those received by banks is not indicated. The impact of macroeconomic factors has not been verified. The analysis confirms that changes in countries’ credit ratings convey new information and influence the banks’ environment condition. But only for the assessment given by S&P the condition of banking sector is an important group of factors. For all verified types of credit ratings the risk of country is presented by countries’ credit rating, not by particular factors. These analyses suggest that during the risk estimation process prepared by banks, a country’s risk represented by its credit ratings should be taken into consideration more often than particular macroeconomic factors.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2017, 12, 1; 101-120
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THE EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INDEX OF POLAND AND LITHUANIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
    Autorzy:
    Ciburiene, Jadvyga
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517413.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    Lithuania
    Polska
    economic development
    economic development index
    macroeconomic indicators
    regional development
    Opis:
    The purpose of this research is to characterize and evaluate the results of economic development of Poland and Lithuania. In order to analyze the changes of economic development, the index of economic development as share of sustainable development is used. Empirical analysis for the years 2005–2012 is conducted. As a result of the research – the country’s main macroeconomic development indicators are unified in order to create a development index.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 3; 437-449
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of macroeconomic business environment on the development of corporate social responsibility in Baltic Countries and Slovakia
    Autorzy:
    Krajnakova, Emilia
    Navickas, Valentinas
    Kontautiene, Rima
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18868900.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    corporate social responsibility
    macroeconomic business environment
    economic recession
    Baltic countries
    Slovakia
    Opis:
    Research background: Fluctuations in economic activity forced companies to change the traditional methods of organization and management and to search for new tools, knowledge, resources and competences in order to strengthen their positions. This has particularly intensified debates on corporate social responsibility (CSR) not only between business people, but also between pieces of research,  industry leaders and government representatives. The ongoing global ecologic crisis quickened discussions about how the alternation of macroeconomic business environment influences the development of CSR. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate how the changes in macroeconomic business environment influence the development of socially responsible activities in Baltic Countries and Slovakia. Methods: A statistical analysis of secondary data was used in order to reanalyse the data for the purpose of gaining new insights. The objectives of statistical analysis in this paper were twofold: firstly, to identify the challenges in macroeconomic business environment; secondly, to explore the development of socially responsible activities in different countries. The research period covered the years 2006-2016. The choice of this period is determined by data availability. Findings & Value added: The authors found that economic conditions may diversely affect the development of different dimensions of CSR. Even in unfavourable macroeconomic conditions companies continue to be involved in socially responsible actions because of long-run CSR benefits. The analysis is useful at an international level because it justified the development of socially responsible businesses in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovakia, and has provided an opportunity to assess the tendencies of CSR development during the different period of economic cycle.
    Źródło:
    Oeconomia Copernicana; 2018, 9, 3; 477-492
    2083-1277
    Pojawia się w:
    Oeconomia Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    MACROECONOMIC FORECAST UNCERTAINTY IN THE EURO AREA
    Autorzy:
    López-Pérez, Víctor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517341.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    macroeconomic uncertainty
    Gini index
    performance-based weights
    Survey of Professional Forecasters
    European Central Bank
    Opis:
    This paper estimates aggregate measures of macroeconomic uncertainty from individual density forecasts by professional forecasters. The methodology used in the paper improves on the existing literature along two dimensions. Firstly, it controls for changes to the composition of the panel of respondents to the survey. And secondly, it assigns more weight to the information submitted by forecasters with better forecasting performance. Using data from the European Central Bank’s Survey of Professional Forecasters from 1999 Q1 to 2014 Q3, the paper finds that the effects of changes in the composition of the panel on aggregate uncertainty can be large in a statistical and economic sense. It also finds that the estimates of aggregate uncertainty that use performance-based weights differ significantly from the simple averages used in the literature and their dynamics are more consistent with the dynamics displayed by the estimates of uncertainty computed from financial indicators.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 1; 9-41
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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