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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Interpretation of Structural Parameters for Models with Spatial Autoregression
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517218.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    measures of average impact
    Opis:
    The main purpose of the article is to consider a important issue of spatial econometrics, which is a proper interpretation of structural parameters of econo-metric models with spatial autoregression. The problem will be considered basing on the example of the spatial SAR model. Another purpose of the article is to make an overview of measures of average spatial impact proposed by the subject litera-ture (see Lesage and Pace 2009). The analysis will include such measures as Aver-age Total Impact to an Observation, Average Total Impact from an Observation, Average Indirect Impact to an Observation, Average Indirect Impact from an Ob-servation and Average Direct Impact. Having considered the above issues, I will introduce a set of three original measures that allow the interpretation of the strength of the impact of the explanatory processes within the spatial SAR model, which take the forms of average direct impact, average indirect impact and average induced impact. The use of this set of measures will be illustrated with the example of the analysis of the unemployment rate in Poland. It must be emphasized that the presented set of measures may also be designated for other spatial models. With the knowledge of the empirical form of the model and of the spatial weight matrix, the set of measures introduced simplifies significantly the complex procedure of the interpretation of the structural parameters for spatial models to the use of merely three values.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2013, 8, 2; 129-155
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem – Analysis of Correlation and Regression
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517297.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the modifiable areal unit problem, which means a possibility of obtaining various results for spatial economic analyses depending on the assumed composition of territorial units. The major research objective of the work is to examine the scale problem that constitutes one of the aspects of the modifiable areal unit problem. Analysis of the scale problem will be conducted for two research problems, namely, for the problem of the causal relationships between the level of investment outlays in enterprises per capita and the number of entities of the national economy per capita, and the issue of the dependence between the registered unemployment rate and the level of investment outlays per capita. The calculations based on the empirical values of those variables have showed that moving to a higher level of aggregation resulted in a change in the estimates of the parameters. The results obtained were the justification for undertaking the realisation of the objective. The scale problem was considered by means of a simulation analysis with a special emphasis laid on differentiating the variables expressed in absolute quantities and ones expressed in relative quantities. The study conducted allowed the identification of changes in basic properties as well as in correlation of the researched variables expressed in absolute and relative quantities. Based on the findings, it was stated that a correlation analysis and a regression analysis may lead to different conclusions depending on the assumed level of aggregation. The realisation of the research objective set in the paper also showed the need to consider the adequate character of variables in both spatial economic analyses and during the examination of the scale problem.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 4; 113-131
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Redefining the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem Within Spatial Econometrics, the Case of the Aggregation Problem
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517415.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    aggregation problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the aggregation problem, which is frequently discussed within spatial econometrics. The aggregation problem is one of the two aspects of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP). The aggregation problem is connected with the volatility of the obtained results occurred when various compositions of territorial units for the same aggregation scale were applied. The objective of the present paper is to consider the redefinition of aggregation problem and showing positive solution of the aggregation problem based on the empirical example of determining agricultural macroregions. In the article the aggregation problem was defined as a problem of establishing a particular composition of territorial units at a selected aggregation scale in a such a way that is remains in the quasi composition of regions within the undertaken research problem. The paper also presented the procedure for determining agricultural macroregions where the analysis of the spatial volatility of the agrarian structure and the current knowledge on the agriculture in Poland were applied. In addition, the paper considered the final areal interpretation problem con-nected with the incorrect determination of the area in relation to which final conclusions are drawn. The problem was presented basing on the example of the establishment of the average concentration of the area of agricultural land in Poland with the use of the Gini index calculated for districts. The paper emphasised that ignoring the final areal interpretation problem in spatial analyses may lead to an apparent identification of the modifiable areal unit problem.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 3; 131-151
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Redefining The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem Within Spatial Econometrics, the Case of The Scale Problem
    Autorzy:
    Bernard Pietrzak, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517391.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    spatial econometrics
    modifiable areal unit problem
    scale problem
    aggregation problem
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), which is frequently discussed within spatial econometrics. This issue concerns the changeability of the characteristics of the analysed phenomena under the impact of the change in the composition of territorial units. The article indicates four conditions which need to be fulfilled if the correctness of spatial analyses is to be maintained. Also, the paper introduces the concept of the quasi composition of regions (QCR). It was defined as a set of particular compositions of territorial units for subsequent aggregation scales. Particular compositions of territorial units are selected in a way that allows a correct analysis within the undertaken research problem to be conducted. The chief asset of the paper is the proposal to redefine the concept of the modifiable areal unit problem. Both the scale problem and the aggregation problem were linked to the accepted quasi composition of regions. The redefinition of the concept is vital for the research conducted since analysing phenomena based on compositions of territorial units which are excluded from the quasi composition of regions leads to the formulation of incorrect conclusions. Within the undertaken research problem there exists only one particular composition of territorial units which allows the identification and description of the dependence for analysed phenomena. Within the considered modifiable areal unit problem two potential problems were defined and they can occur while making spatial analyses. The first is the final areal interpretation problem (FAIP) that occurs when the characteristics of phenomena or the dependence are designated for too large region. The other issue is the aggregation scale interpretation problem (ASIP). It occurs when a quasi composition of regions is enlarged by an aggregation scale where the correctness of the results of the undertaken research problem is not preserved. In both cases it is possible to reach a situation where the obtained characteristics will be deprived of the cognitive value.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 2; 111-132
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    INTERREGIONAL R&D SPILLOVERS AND REGIONAL CONVERGENCE: A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE FROM THE EU REGIONS
    Autorzy:
    Chocholatá, Michaela
    Furková, Andrea
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517295.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    beta convergence modelling
    spatial econometrics
    R&D indicators
    R&D spillovers effects
    Opis:
    Research background: Many contemporary empirical studies and also most of economic growth theories recognize the importance of innovation and knowledge for achieving an economic growth. A large part of empirical literature has treated the issue of beta convergence without the spatial aspect, i.e. the possible spatial dependence among regions or states in growth process was neglected. Purpose of the article: In this paper, we investigate the link between selected R&D (Research and Development) indicators as proxies for the regional innovation and knowledge and economic performance of the region. We also assume a significant role of regional R&D spillovers in the regional growth process determination. Methods: The main methodological basis for our analysis is beta convergence approach and the dataset under the consideration consists of 245 NUTS 2 (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) EU (European Union) regions during the 2003–2014 period. Our analysis is made with respect to spatial interactions across the EU regions. Findings & Value added: The influence of R&D indicators on the economic growth has been confirmed, and spatial interconnection across the EU regions have been proven. Potential existence of geographical R&D spillovers across the EU regions was examined by formulation of additional beta convergence model with spatial lag variables. We have identified that the influence of R&D spillovers is not strictly restricted to the neighbouring regions, but they spread across a larger area. For the construction of spatial lags of R&D indicators different spatial weight matrices were considered.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2017, 12, 1; 9-24
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determinanty absorpcji środków z perspektywy finansowej 2007–2013 na poziomie powiatów
    Determinants of funds absorption from the financial perspective 2007–2013 on the districts level
    Autorzy:
    Pastor, Kamil
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449322.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    polityka spójności
    fundusze unijne
    ekonometria przestrzenna
    cohesion policy
    European funds
    spatial econometrics
    Opis:
    Motywacja: W latach 2007–2013 Polska była beneficjentem polityki spójności i uzyskała z budżetu unijnego ponad 67 mld EUR. Kryteria podziału funduszy były skomplikowane ze względu na mnogość grup docelowych oraz rozdrobnienie poszczególnych działań. Cel: Celem artykułu jest wyszczególnienie czynników, które najsilniej wpływały na absorpcję środków unijnych na poziomie powiatów. Postawiono dwa przypuszczenia: (1) absorpcja środków rośnie wraz z wyższym poziomem rozwoju powiatu (kanał konkurencyjności) oraz wraz z istotnie niższym poziomem rozwoju (kanał spójności); (2) kluczowe znaczenie dla poziomu absorpcji miała skuteczna polityka informacyjna oraz umiejętność wpasowania instrumentów polityki spójności w strategię rozwoju organizacji. Materiały i metody: W artykule użyto ekonometrię przestrzenną. Wykorzystanie modeli przestrzennych umożliwiło lepsze odwzorowanie zależności między powiatami. Wyniki: Wykazano istotny statystycznie wpływ obu kanałów transmisji (konkurencyjności i spójności). Wyniki modelu sugerują, że większe znaczenie dla poziomu wykorzystania środków miały czynniki związane z konkurencyjnością regionów.
    Motivation: Poland benefited from cohesion funds in 2007–2013 and gained more than 67 bln EUR from the European budget. The criteria of the distribution of these funds were multifaceted, because of the occurrence of many different target groups and fragmentation of instruments. Aim: The main aim of the article was to determine factors, which had the strongest impact on the absorption of European funds on district level in Poland. Two assumptions were made: (1) absorption level rises along with a higher level of district development (competitiveness channel) and with significantly lower level of development (cohesion channel); (2) the proper information policy as well as the ability to fit European funds support into organisation strategy played a key role for the level of absorption. Materials and methods: Spatial econometrics was used in the article. The usage of spatial relations facilitated the creation of a better fitted model. Results: The statistically significant impact of both channels (competitiveness and cohesion channels) was noted. The results from the model suggest that the competitiveness of the regions had more impact on absorption than a low level of development.
    Źródło:
    Catallaxy; 2018, 3, 1; 27-39
    2544-090X
    Pojawia się w:
    Catallaxy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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