Autor: Gavurová, Beáta - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Economic sentiment indicators and their prediction capabilities in business cycles of EU countries
Autorzy:: Tkacova, Andrea
Gavurova, Beata
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19908930.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: business cycle
cross correlation
prediction
ESI
GDP
IIP
Opis:: Research background: The post-World Financial Crisis period has showed us that an application of the qualitative data focused on the expectations of the enterprises and consumers in a combination with the quantitative data in the individual economy sectors is a good prerequisite for reliable prediction of the economic cycles. Purpose of the paper: The main goal of the presented study was to test the ESI prediction capabilities and its components in a relation to the economic cycles of the EU countries in the individual time periods. Methods: The time series for the period Q1 2000 to Q4 2022 and the three selected time periods were a subject to undergo the selection of the cyclical component applying the Hodrick-Prescott filter and then, the relationship between the variables was determined employing the Pearson correlation coefficient with the time shifts. The relation of ESI and its components to GDP and the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), which represent the economic cycle, was analysed. The prediction volume and the cross-correlation values determined the nature of the observed cyclical variables. Findings & value added: The results of the analysis point to the fact that ESI and its components are able to ensure a high-quality prediction of the economic cycle only in the selected EU countries. Regarding the components of the ESI, the Consumer confidence indicator, Construction and Industrial confidence indicators show the best predictive capabilities. The analytical outcomes show that the ESI size and lead period vary over time and after the 2008 crisis, the ESI showed better predictive capabilities in a relation to GDP and IIP than before the crisis. The Covid 19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the ESI predictive capabilities.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2023, 14, 3; 977-1008
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: The importance of evaluating inpatients satisfaction with emphasis on the aspect of confidence
Autorzy:: Gavurova, Beata
Kubak, Matus
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233704.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: inpatient satisfaction
quality of healthcare
confidence of inpatients
patient’s expectations
Opis:: Research background: The patients' confidence in physicians, as well as in healthcare personnel in general, is an important determinant of the patients' satisfaction and their loyalty. The patients' confidence as well as their overall satisfaction is influenced by many determinants, which are in a causal relation. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the study is to find out which socio-demographic factors influence the confidence of inpatients in physicians, nurses, other medical personnel, as well as in the treatment as such. The inpatients´ confidence is considered as an important dimension of the inpatients' satisfaction. Methods: The questionnaire consists of 112 structured and semi-structured sur-vey questions. It was inspired by the HCAHPS survey. The questionnaire was distributed both on-line and in paper form in the Czech Republic. The dataset consists of 1,479 observations (899 females and 580 males). The descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to process all data. Findings & value added: The research revealed significant differences in the confidence of inpatients in physicians in relation to the physicians' communication styles regarding the inpatient's gender. Males are more tolerant to the communication styles of physicians than women. There exists a relatively strong linear relationship between confidence in physicians, nurses, other healthcare professionals, and confidence in a treatment. Also, it was determined that in cases when a physician talks about an inpatient as if she/he is not there, the patient's confidence in the medical personnel is reduced by 65%. Overall confidence in medical personnel is also gender biased i.e., in 87% of cases, women are more likely to have a higher confidence in medical personnel than men. The age of inpatients is not statistically significant and its impact on a confidence in medical personnel is neglectable.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2021, 12, 3; 821-848
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Relationships between road transport indicators and expenditure of visitors in the context of European countries tourism competitiveness
Autorzy:: Gavurova, Beata
Rigelsky, Martin
Mikeska, Martin
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22402596.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: road transport
expenditure of tourism visitors
transport indicators
competitiveness of countries
Opis:: Research background: Transport represents a dynamic element in the tourism system. In recent decades, transport has been a subject of research mainly from the point of view of the sustainability of the economic systems and the environmental aspects. Purpose of the article: This study aimed to quantify the relationships between the selected indicators of road transport development and the expenditure of tourism visitors in the selected European countries in the context of the development of their competitiveness. Methods: The road transport indicators were applied in the research trajectories: density of road (DNST), hare of road infrastructure investment (SH INF), share of motorways (SH MWY), and indicators of visitor expenditure for business (BTS), leisure (LTS), domestic (DTS) and foreign (VEFS) tourism. In the first phase of the analyses, the countries of the European part of the OECD (N = 27; period of 2010-2018) were divided into two clusters based on the development index (HDI) and the innovation index (GII) through the cluster analysis. The two groups were created - more and less developed countries. The results of the analysis of differences declare that there are differences between these groups in the DNST, SH INF, BTS, LTS, and DTS indicators. The correlation and regression analysis methods were applied to quantify the relationships between the variables. Findings & value added: The difference between the groups of the countries was also shown in the relationships between the road transport development indicators and visitor spending. In more developed countries, the relationship between the traffic indicators on BTS and DTS was significant. In less developed countries, significant relationships were identified with LST and VEFS. This finding underscores regional disparities and cautions against assuming that what policy guidelines from developed countries will be effective in less developed ones. Therefore, when designing improvement policies, it is vital to consider countries in terms of their level of development.
Źródło:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2023, 18, 2; 393-418
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: The evaluation of stability of Czech and Slovak banks
Autorzy:: Kocisova, Kristina
Gavurova, Beata
Behun, Marcel
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18808325.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: commercial banks
stability
banking stability index
Z-score
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Opis:: Research background: Commercial banks could affect the stability of the whole banking system due to the way they carry out their business activities. The supervision authorities play a key role in protecting banking stability by ensuring banks´ resilience to shocks, ability to recover their position in response to crisis and ultimately the supervision authorities help prevent failure of these banks. Therefore, in recent years' researchers have been trying to define conditions that could guarantee stability of banks. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to describe the methodology used to measure banking stability, namely banking stability index (BSI) and Z-score. In the first part, we present the literature review, then we try to assess the stability in the condition of the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the period 2006-2016. Methods: The BSI is constructed according to the methodology presented by Ghosh (2011), taking into account the main components, which are described by the set of financial indicators of banks. Findings & Value added: Results showed that the average BSI in the whole sample moved from 0.20454 (in 2015) to 0.2486 (in 2007). The results according to countries have showed that the tendency of development in the Czech and Slovak banking sector was the same. At the beginning of the analyzed period, the Slovak banks were more stable compared to Czech ones. Since 2009 the situation has been different, where the Czech banks could be considered as more stable compared to Slovak ones. The tendency of development of Z-score in both countries could be considered as the same, without the 2009 year, when the Czech banks significantly strengthened their capitalization, which influenced the development of Z-score. The results of correlation analysis between Z-score and BSI pointed to the fact that there was no high correlation between these two measures, therefore it is appropriate to use both methodologies for stability evaluation.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2018, 9, 2; 205-223
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: The importance of evaluation of economic determinants in public procurement processes in Slovakia in 2010-2016
Autorzy:: Tkacova, Andrea
Gavurova, Beata
Danko, Jakub
Cepel, Martin
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18797203.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: public procurement
savings of public funds
second order polynomial regression
number of bids
subcontractor
Opis:: Research background: Public procurement is designed to efficiently spend public sector financial resources. This should lead to savings in public funds. Domestic and foreign studies point to the fact that sufficient competition on the supply side is the condition for achieving those savings. Slovakia currently belongs to a group of countries with low competition on the supply side of the tender. Every year, about 10,000 tenders will be made in Slovakia for 5 billion Eur. However, contracting authorities have difficulty with establishing the estimated contract value and defining non-discriminatory criteria. On the other hand, contractors lack the expertise to prepare tenders, specifications are often tailored to specific bidders or products, and the price criterion has a negative impact on the quality of the goods and services purchased. Purpose of the article: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of selected efficiency determinants on savings in public procurement in Slovakia in 2010-2016. The number of bids, the subcontractor's participation, the narrower competition and the impact of the narrower competition and the expected price on the number of bids have been examined. Methods: The survey sample consisted of 800 randomly selected public procurement con-tracts from different sectors in 2010?2016. The contracts were split on the basis of the median estimate of the above-limit (409 contracts) and below-limit (391 contracts) contracts; the divestment value was the estimated price of 400,000 Euro (without the tax). Findings & Value added: The number of offers positively influences the creation of savings in public procurement, an average of 5-6%. The impact of a narrow competition was significant, which led to a decrease in savings of 3-4% compared to the open competition if the sample was 800 contracts and over 400,000 Euro (without the tax). For below-limit orders, this determinant was shown to be statistically insignificant. The size of the contract did not affect the number of successful candidates. Also, the negative impact of narrower competition on the number of tenders was demonstrated. These findings are in line with the presented research studies. In the future, we plan to perform sectoral analyses to verify the validity of the hypotheses under review based on the results of our research.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2017, 8, 3; 367-382
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Everyday artificial intelligence unveiled: Societal awareness of technological transformation
Autorzy:: Moravec, Vaclav
Hynek, Nik
Gavurova, Beata
Kubak, Matus
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/39992183.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2024
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: everyday artificial intelligence
AI literacy
security and technology
technological awareness
digital transformation
Opis:: Research background: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) weaves into the fabric of daily life, its societal and economic implications underscore the urgency of embracing an environment conducive to its informed adoption. This requires a sophisticated understanding of the societal perception and adaptability to AI, emphasizing the importance of developing comprehensive AI literacy. Purpose of the article: This study inquiries into the sociodemographic underpinnings of AI literacy, aiming to demystify how knowledge about AI's capabilities in everyday tasks varies across individual population segments. It allows us to define the basic determinants that influence the differences in the individual population structures. It also reveals the potential risks associated with the use of AI. Methods: This study investigates the awareness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in daily lives of the Czech population, focusing on the influence of socio-demographic factors. Utilizing computer-assisted web interviewing, we surveyed 1,041 respondents in April 2023, ensuring representativeness by applying quotas for age, gender, education, region, and residential area size. Our investigation spanned AI applications in sectors like customer service, music playlist recommendation, email sorting, healthcare, online shopping, and home devices. Findings & value added: Findings taken from descriptive statistics reveal variable AI awareness levels across different domains, with younger demographics exhibiting notably lower awareness in several areas. Regression analysis highlighted that awareness is significantly associated with gender, age, and education level. Regression analysis showed that males, younger age groups and those with higher levels of education were more likely to correctly answer majority of questions about the role of AI in everyday life. These insights are crucial for stakeholders aiming to enhance AI literacy, tailor communication strategies, and develop digital platforms, offering guidance for policymakers and market analysts in optimizing AI-related initiatives.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2024, 15, 2; 367-406
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: The effect of the minimum wage on smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries
Autorzy:: Rigelsky, Martin
Ivankova, Viera
Gavurova, Beata
Mudrik, Martin
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444413.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: smoking addiction
smokers
minimum wage
economic development
OECD countries
Opis:: Research background: The amount of the minimum wage is, in some sense, an indicator of the economic level of a country. There are considerable differences in this indicator between the countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). At the same time, the minimum wage is also an instrument that largely regulates people's behaviour and affects different areas of life. Purpose of the article: The objective of this study is to determine the relations between the minimum wage and individual smoking-related indicators in a sample of selected OECD countries (16 countries). The study answers the question of whether people in countries with lower minimum wages (lower development) smoke more than in countries with higher minimum wages. Methods: Four variables entered into the analytical processing, the minimum wage, daily smokers (age 15+), daily smokers (age 15-24) and tobacco consumption in grams per capita (age 15+). The data were collected between 2011 and 2017. The analysis was carried out in three steps ? descriptive analysis, cluster analysis and regression analysis. Findings & Value added: It has been found that the minimum wage negatively affects smoking and tobacco consumption, i.e. in developed countries, where the minimum wage is higher, people smoke less. Regarding the evaluation of minimum wage and tobacco consumption, countries such as Austria, New Zealand or the United States can be considered positive. On the other hand, opportunities for improvement can be seen in countries such as the Czech Republic, Spain, Estonia and Israel. The study highlights the importance of the effect of the minimum wage on selected smoking-related indicators in selected OECD countries. In all three cases, there was a negative relation; therefore, smoking can be expected to decrease, if the minimum wage is increased.
Źródło:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 3; 439-461
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of economic potential of business environment development by comparing sector differences: perspective of SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Autorzy:: Belas, Jaroslav
Gavurova, Beata
Cepel, Martin
Kubak, Matus
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233497.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: business environment
business risks
business support
correspondence analysis
sector analysis
Opis:: Research background: Improving business conditions and SME development are signs of a country's macroeconomic stability. The issue of identifying and removing barriers to the development of firms in the SME segment is a priority in all countries with developed economies and its importance is currently increasing. Purpose of the article: The main aim of this paper is to explore possible differences in entrepreneurs' perception of the business environment based on the industry in which the company operates. The analysis contains also a national view, where a comparison between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic is performed. Methods: Correspondence analysis was used to achieve the research objectives in order to examine the relations between the categorical variables. Its application is beneficial in cases where the graphic output is clearer than the numerical one. Findings & Value added: The presented research makes it possible to identify problematic aspects of doing business in each sector and to create support mechanisms for the creation of effective structural policies. Entrepreneurs from the Czech Republic's Production and Transport sectors agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is suitable for starting a business. As for business environment's suitability for doing business, neither Slovak nor Czech entrepreneurs sector-wide agreed with the given statement. Czech entrepreneurs from the Services, Trade and Construction sectors, respectively, agree, fully agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is reasonably risky and allows for doing business. In the case of entrepreneurs from Slovakia, no significant correspondence is observed. Findings regarding the statement that the business conditions in the country have improved over the past five years are the following: In the Czech Republic, there is a perfect correspondence of the Transport sector and the agreement with the given statement. In the Slovak Republic, agreement was found with the given statement in the Transport sector and neutral position in the Production sector.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2020, 11, 1; 135-159
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Study of legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Autorzy:: Gavurova, Beata
Belas, Jaroslav
Bilan, Yuriy
Horak, Jakub
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233597.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: small and medium-sized enterprises
SMEs
legislative obstacles
administrative obstacles
business environment
stability of business environment
Opis:: Research background: SMEs represent an integral part of the economy environment in a majority of the countries all over the world. They signify the most efficient, progressive, and important part of the advanced economies. The long-term effort of the EU countries, as well as other advanced economies is to create quality and stable conditions for their development in order to be able to respond to all the possible changes in the business environment that is being changed to more and more comprehensive in the recent time. Purpose of the article: The objective of the contribution is to examine administrative and legislative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the quantification of the differences in perceiving legislative and administrative obstacles to business by entrepreneurs in both countries. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted within SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019. The research sample included 641 SMEs, 312 from the Czech Republic and 329 from Slovakia. We focused on 5 dimensions related to legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business within which selected statements were examined. Contingency tables were used to analyze the ratios of the examined variables. Findings & Value added: The differences detected in both countries in the respondents´ perception and assessment are evidence of the changes in the business environment of both countries, giving rise to the questions about the extent to which the legislative and administrative obstacles, as well as the obstacles related to law enforcement and bureaucracy are acceptable and by which groups of entrepreneurs. The results of the research provide valuable findings for the creators of regional and national policies, and represent a valuable basis for the creation of the concepts focused on the SMEs´ development in both countries. The results of the study also support the implementation of follow-up research in this area that will reveal other determinants affecting the development of SMEs. They also create a valuable platform for the construction of national and international benchmarking indicators in this area and the implementation of comparative analyses. This will also support the methodological area necessary for a creation of high-quality concepts and strategies.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2020, 11, 4; 689-719
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Artificial intelligence in predicting the bankruptcy of non-financial corporations
Autorzy:: Gavurova, Beata
Jencova, Sylvia
Bacik, Radovan
Miskufova, Marta
Letkovsky, Stanislav
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322666.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: engineering industry
automotive industry
bankruptcy prediction
Logistic regression
artificial intelligence
neural network
Opis:: Research background: In a modern economy, full of complexities, ensuring a business' financial stability, and increasing its financial performance and competitiveness, has become especially difficult. Then, monitoring the company's financial situation and predicting its future development becomes important. Assessing the financial health of business entities using various models is an important area in not only scientific research, but also business practice. Purpose of the article: This study aims to predict the bankruptcy of companies in the engineering and automotive industries of the Slovak Republic using a multilayer neural network and logistic regression. Importantly, we develop a novel an early warning model for the Slovak engineering and automotive industries, which can be applied in countries with undeveloped capital markets. Methods: Data on the financial ratios of 2,384 companies were used. We used a logistic regression to analyse the data for the year 2019 and designed a logistic model. Meanwhile, the data for the years 2018 and 2019 were analysed using the neural network. In the prediction model, we analysed the predictive performance of several combinations of factors based on the industry sector, use of the scaling technique, activation function, and ratio of the sample distribution to the test and training parts. Findings & value added: The financial indicators ROS, QR, NWC/A, and PC/S reduce the likelihood of bankruptcy. Regarding the value of this work, we constructed an optimal network for the automotive and engineering industries using nine financial indicators on the input layer in combination with one hidden layer. Moreover, we developed a novel prediction model for bankruptcy using six of these indicators. Almost all sampled industries are privatised, and most companies are foreign owned. Hence, international companies as well as researchers can apply our models to understand their financial health and sustainability. Moreover, they can conduct comparative analyses of their own model with ours to reveal areas of model improvements.
Źródło:: Oeconomia Copernicana; 2022, 13, 4; 1215-1251
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:: Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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