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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Luminance of the Surround and Visual Fatigue of VDT Operators
    Autorzy:
    Wolska, A.
    Swituta, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90508.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    luminance
    visual fatigue
    CRT screen
    luminancja
    zmęczenie wzroku
    oświetlenie
    Opis:
    Luminance distribution in the visual field is considered as one of causal factors with a significant influence on visual fatigue, especially for intensive and extended Video Display Terminal (VDT) work. The aim of the study was to define visual fatigue of VDT operators for different values of surrounding luminance. Experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions under 3 lighting conditions. Only 1 lighting parameter - the luminance of the wall behind the display (surrounding luminance) - changed. Visual fatigue was measured both by a subjective evaluation of different visual complaints (asthenopic symptoms) and by objective measurements of changes in the following visual functions: accommodation, convergence, habitual horizontal phoria, critical fusional frequency (CFF), and visual acuity. The same experiments were done for CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and LCD TFT (Liquid Crystal Display with Thin Film Transistor) screens. The results of the study have shown that there was no significant influence of the value of surrounding luminance on the asthenopic symptoms for either type of screen. A general tendency towards bigger visual complaints for LCD TFT than for CRT participants was found. An objective evaluation of visual fatigue demonstrated a tendency towards bigger changes in visual functions with an increase of surrounding luminance for both screens. Statistical analysis of the results has shown that surrounding luminance influences significantly the reduction of the accommodation amplitude (significance level < .05).
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 4; 553-580
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Device for Preventing Occupational Diseases of Lower Legs
    Autorzy:
    Kristjuhan, U.
    Reedik, V.
    Tahemaa, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90820.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    air jet massage
    ower leg
    fatigue
    nogi
    zmęczenie
    masaż
    Opis:
    Physiological processes characteristic of the fatigue of legs mainly appear when the worker’s activity requires standing. If the processes are intensive and regular, various diseases of legs, such as varicose veins and musculoskeletal disorders of legs and feet, can develop. Therefore, methods of reducing the fatigue of legs are important in occupational health protection. Air jet massage technology was developed and an appropriate massage device was built by the authors. The massage head turning around the lower leg and moving up and down gradually covers the leg’s surface. To determine the efficiency of the massage, fatigue processes were studied. These studies showed that jet massage effectively reduces both the subjective and objective fatigue symptoms. The device is convenient for use in industry, services, and at home.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 1; 69-74
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Interaction of Physical and Mental Work
    Autorzy:
    Singh, S.
    Aghazadeh, F.
    Ray, T. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90541.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    physical work
    mental work
    psychophysical methods
    acceptable load limit
    fatigue
    praca a choroby
    praca mięśni
    praca umysłowa
    obciążenie pracą umysłową
    obciążenie fizyczne
    zmęczenie
    zmęczenie fizyczne
    Opis:
    The objective of the research was to determine the effect of mental load on the physical capacity of an individual. An experiment involving 9 combinations of lifting tasks, 1 lowering task, and 3 treadmill tasks was conducted. Heart rate was measured and maximum acceptable weight of lift was determined using the psychophysical method. A simple multiplication task was used as the mental load. The output variables were determined with and without the mental task. The results indicate that the individual’s physical capacity decreased with the mental task while lifting from floor to knuckle and shoulder to reach lifting heights.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 451-463
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Driver Fatigue and Road Safety on Poland’s National Roads
    Autorzy:
    Jamroz, K.
    Smolarek, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90556.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    driver fatigue
    road safety
    national roads
    zmęczenie
    kierowcy i maszyniści
    bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
    Opis:
    This paper presents an overview of factors causing driver fatigue as described in the literature. Next, a traffic crash database for 2003–2007 is used to identify the causes, circumstances and consequences of accidents caused by driver fatigue on Poland’s national roads. The results of the study were used to build a model showing the relationship between the concentration of road accidents and casualties, and the time of day. Finally, the level of relative accident risk at night-time versus daytime is defined. A map shows the risk of death and severe injury on the network of Poland’s national roads. The paper suggests to road authorities steps to reduce fatigue-related road accidents in Poland.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 297-309
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Visual Strain and Lighting Preferences of VDT Users Under Different Lighting Systems
    Autorzy:
    Wolska, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89822.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    VDT users
    lighting systems
    visual fatigue
    lighting preferences
    system oświetlenia
    zmęczenie wzroku
    preferencje oświetleniowe
    Opis:
    Lighting influences users’ visual strain and well-being. Therefore creating lighting that ensures visual work conditions do not results in visual fatigue is a preventive activity. The aim of the study was to model different lighting systems for visual display terminal (VDT) work and to determine their influence on users’ visual strain and preferences. The results of the study showed that visual fatigue was lowest for indirect and compound lighting systems. On the other hand, in general, direct lighting realized by “dark-light” luminaires was the most preferred lighting system. Some interesting differences related to age, gender, and VDT work experience were found. On the basis of the obtained results lighting designers can be provided with some guidance.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 431-440
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Intervention to Reduce Work-Related Burnout in Teachers
    Autorzy:
    Żołnierczyk-Zreda, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90994.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    work-related burnout
    psychosocial work conditions
    somatic complaints
    intervention
    zmęczenie
    nauczanie
    warunki pracy
    wypalenie zawodowe
    nauczyciel
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate a 2-day burnout intervention program focused at enhancing coping with stresses observed in teachers’ work. Karasek’s job stress model was used as the theoretical framework. The aim of the intervention was to teach participants to deal better with high job demands and low job control. Some cognitive-behavioural methods of overcoming workload and enhancing a sense of self-mastery and relations with students were introduced in the workshop. 59 teachers were randomly assigned to an experimental or to a control group. Results showed that emotional exhaustion, perceived workload and somatic complaints decreased significantly in the intervention group. The greatest effect of the intervention was observed with regard to increased behavioural job control. It was concluded that teaching participants how to manage their work environment better could help them in changing their perception of stressful job characteristics, reducing emotional exhaustion and somatic complaints.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 423-430
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Internal and External Factors Influencing Time-Related Injury Risk in Continuous Shift Work
    Autorzy:
    Ogiński, A.
    Ogińska, H.
    Pokorski, J.
    Kmita, W.
    Goździela, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90735.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    accident risk
    shift work
    time of day
    day of week
    season
    ryzyko wypadku
    praca zmianowa
    zmęczenie
    Opis:
    Time-related accident risk in shift work may be attributed to internal factors, such as fatigue, level of performance, sleep propensity, and to some external factors, like shift system, physical and social environment. Six hundred and sixty-eight events in the metallurgical industry have been analysed in terms of time of day, time on task, consecutive day of the shift block, day of the week, and season. The injury rate was similar on all shifts but more severe accidents happened in the nighttime. Somewhat more injuries occurred in the second half of the shift, in the second part of a shift block, and in summer compared with winter. There were fewer injuries at weekends.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 3; 405-421
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kobiety na stanowiskach pracy fizycznej : ograniczenia wynikające z płci i wieku
    Women at physical work stations - limitations resulting from gender and age
    Autorzy:
    Łastowiecka-Moras, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957832.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    praca fizyczna
    kobiety starsze
    wydolność fizyczna
    obciążenie pracą
    zmęczenie
    physical work
    older women
    physical capacity
    workload
    fatigue
    Opis:
    Współczesne badania wskazują na brak pozytywnego wpływu na zdrowie dużych obciążeń fizycznych w pracy zawodowej, zwłaszcza w połączeniu z deficytem aktywności fizycznej rekreacyjnej w czasie wolnym od pracy. Kobiety, ze względu na uwarunkowania fizjologiczne, nie są w stanie wykonywać wszystkich czynności w pracy na równi z mężczyznami. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza prac związanych z wysiłkiem fizycznym i transportem ciężarów oraz wymuszoną pozycją ciała. W przypadku kobiet starszych, oprócz fizjologicznych różnic podyktowanych płcią, dochodzą zmiany funkcjonalne zachodzące w organizmie ludzkim wraz z wiekiem, które również istotnie obniżają możliwość wykonywania pracy fizycznej. Lekceważenie przez pracodawców problemu ciężkiej pracy fizycznej prowadzi do niekorzystnych skutków, zarówno dla pracowników, jak i dla firmy. Nadmierne obciążenie i związane z nim zmęczenie pracownika jest przyczyną gorszej jakości i wydajności pracy oraz zwiększenia absencji chorobowej. Dlatego oczywista wydaje się konieczność dostosowywania stanowisk i warunków pracy do potrzeb pracownic fizycznych w starszym wieku.
    Contemporary studies indicate the lack of a positive impact of high physical effort in professional work on health, especially in connection with the deficit of recreational physical activity during leisure time. Women, due to physiological conditions, are not able to perform all activities at work equally with men. This applies in particular to work related to physical effort, transport of weights and forced body position. In the case of older women, apart from the physiological differences dictated by gender, functional changes occurring in the ageing human body, which also significantly reduce the ability to perform physical work, are added. The problem of employers disregarding hard physical labour leads to adverse effects for both them and their companies. Excessive work toad and, associated with it, fatigue of employees result in inferior quality and work efficiency and the increase in sick leave due to ailments and illnesses. Therefore, it seems obvious to adapt the work station and working conditions to the needs of older women that perform physical work.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2019, 6; 12-15
    0137-7043
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Different Scales for Measurement of Perceived Physical Strain During Performance of Manual Tasks
    Autorzy:
    Hernandez, L.
    Alhemood, A.
    Genaidy, A. M.
    Karwowski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    load handling
    perception
    psychophysics
    practical methodologies
    psychologia pracy
    mierzenie pracy i wysiłku
    pozycja przy pracy
    zmęczenie fizyczne
    percepcja
    prace ręczne
    Opis:
    The main objective of this study was to evaluate different scales of perceived strain during the performance of various physical tasks. A total of 52 male and female participants took part in 4 experiments to achieve the study objective. The results suggest that a bipolar comfort-discomfort scale is a more appropriate instrument than a discomfort scale for assessing cumulative physical stresses at work, especially at the beginning of the shift. For assessing discomfort at the end of the work shift, a unipolar scale may also be used. On the basis of the obtained results, red, green, and yellow zones are suggested to establish priorities for work redesign efforts in ergonomic control programs.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 413-432
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Heart Rate Evaluation Approach to Determine Cost-Effectiveness an Ergonomics Intervention
    Autorzy:
    Bedny, G. Z.
    Karwowski, W.
    Seglin, M. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90952.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    fatigue
    break time allowances
    heart rate evaluations
    energy expenditure
    wydatek energetyczny
    serce
    zmęczenie
    czas pracy
    rozkład czasu odpoczynku
    warunki pracy
    Opis:
    This paper describes a hear-rate methodology to determine the cost-effectiveness of an ergonomics intervention to reduce workload and improve working conditions. This is a practical approach as opposed to the energy expenditure technique that is difficult to implement in natural settings. This was a laboratory study using a large excavator cabin with devices to simulate excavation operations. Mean heart rate was used to calculate the required rest time during a shift with or without air-conditioning. The criterion for evaluation was differences in required rest time during a shift under these 2 conditions. The simplicity and objectivity of this approach invites use to solve the problem of the economic evaluation of ergonomics interventions.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 2; 121-133
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Korean Hospital Nurses
    Autorzy:
    Smith, D. R.
    Choe, M. A.
    Jeon, M. Y.
    Chae, Y. R.
    An, G. J.
    Jeong, J. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    musculoskeletal symptoms
    nurse
    Korea
    low back pain
    epidemiology
    kręgosłup
    warunki pracy
    ból mięśniowy
    personel pielęgniarski
    personel pomocniczy służby zdrowia
    szpitale
    choroby narządów ruchu
    wypalenie zawodowe
    zmęczenie nerwowe
    Opis:
    We investigated the epidemiology of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among a complete cross-section of 330 nurses from a large Korean hospital, by means of a questionnaire survey (response rate: 97.9%). The prevalence of MSS at any body site was 93.6%, with symptoms most commonly reported at the shoulder (74.5%), lower back (72.4%), neck (62.7%), lower legs (52.1%) and hand/wrist (46.7%). Logistic regression indicated that nurses who undertook manual handling of patients were 7.2 times as likely to report MSS (OR 7.2, 95%CI 1.2–42.3, P = .0275), while nurses suffering from periodic depression experienced a 3.3-fold MSS risk (OR 3.3, 95%CI 1.3–8.3, P = .0104). Overall, our study suggests that Korean nurses incur a very high MSS burden when compared internationally. A greater commitment is needed to improve physical conditions, occupational tasks and psychosocial work issues among nurses in this country.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 431-440
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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