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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 49
Tytuł:
Driver Fatigue and Road Safety on Poland’s National Roads
Autorzy:
Jamroz, K.
Smolarek, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90556.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
driver fatigue
road safety
national roads
zmęczenie
kierowcy i maszyniści
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
Opis:
This paper presents an overview of factors causing driver fatigue as described in the literature. Next, a traffic crash database for 2003–2007 is used to identify the causes, circumstances and consequences of accidents caused by driver fatigue on Poland’s national roads. The results of the study were used to build a model showing the relationship between the concentration of road accidents and casualties, and the time of day. Finally, the level of relative accident risk at night-time versus daytime is defined. A map shows the risk of death and severe injury on the network of Poland’s national roads. The paper suggests to road authorities steps to reduce fatigue-related road accidents in Poland.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 297-309
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Workstation Design in Carpet Hand-Weaving Operation : Guidelines for Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Autorzy:
Choobineh, A.
Lahmi, M.
Hosseini, M.
Shahnavaz, H.
Jazani, R. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
weaving workstation design
carpet hand-weaving operation
musculoskeletal problems
working posture
projektowanie miejsc pracy
pozycja przy pracy
ergonomia
choroby narządów ruchu
wytwarzanie wyrobów włókienniczych
zagrożenia zdrowia
czynniki ryzyka
fizjologia narządów ruchu
Opis:
Carpet weavers suffer from musculoskeletal problems mainly attributed to poor working postures. Their posture is mostly constrained by the design of workstations. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 2 design parameters (weaving height and seat type) on postural variables and subjective experience, and to develop guidelines for workstation adjustments. At an experimental workstation, 30 professional weavers worked in 9 different conditions. Working posture and weavers’ perceptions were measured. It was shown that head, neck and shoulder postures were influenced by weaving height. Both design parameters influenced trunk and elbows postures. The determinant factor for weavers’ perception on the neck, shoulders and elbows was found to be weaving height, and on the back and knees it was seat type. Based on the results, the following guidelines were developed: (a) weaving height should be adjusted to 20 cm above elbow height; (b) a 10º forward-sloping high seat is to be used at weaving workstations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 4; 411-424
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Working and Health Conditions of Italian Air Traffic Controllers
Autorzy:
Costa, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
air traffic control
shift work
health
personal characteristics
kontrola ruchu lotniczego
praca zmianowa
zdrowie
Opis:
The paper summarises some studies carried out in recent years on Italian air traffic controllers. Work stress appeared related mainly to mental charge, aggravated by time pressure and high responsibility. Shiftwork was not considered highly stressful, thanks to the good shift schedules adopted. The disorders most frequently complained of had a prevalent psychosomatic component, concerning the digestive, neuropsychic, and cardiovascular systems. However, their prevalence was lower than, or similar to, that recorded in general population. The controllers engaged in regional centres showed slightly worse health conditions than those engaged in airport towers; the same was found in the radar controllers compared to those working in non-radar positions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 3; 365-382
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Allowing for MSD Prevention During Facilities Planning for a Public Service: An a Posteriori Analysis of 10 Library Design Projects
Autorzy:
Bellemare, M.
Trudel, L.
Ledoux, E.
Montreuil, S.
Marier, M.
Laberge, M.
Vincent, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
MSD prevention
ergonomic design
libraries
biblioteki
ergonomia
projektowanie miejsc pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
profilaktyka
MSD
Opis:
Research was conducted to identify an ergonomics-based intervention model designed to factor in musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevention when library projects are being designed. The first stage of the research involved an a posteriori analysis of 10 recent redesign projects. The purpose of the analysis was to document perceptions about the attention given to MSD prevention measures over the course of a project on the part of 2 categories of employees: librarians responsible for such projects and personnel working in the libraries before and after changes. Subjects were interviewed in focus groups. Outcomes of the analysis can guide our ergonomic assessment of current situations and contribute to a better understanding of the way inclusion or improvement of prevention measures can support the workplace design process.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 387-397
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praca zawodowa a choroby reumatyczne
Work and rheumatic diseases
Autorzy:
Jędryka-Góral, A.
Łastowiecka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181121.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
choroby zawodowe
choroby reumatyczne
choroby parazawodowe
choroby układu ruchu
occupational diseases
rheumatic disease
musculoskeletal diseases
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono problemy dotyczące osób aktywnych zawodowo, z rozpoznaną chorobą reumatyczną. Przybliżono czytelnikom charakter tych schorzeń oraz ich związek ze sposobem wykonywania pracy lub warunkami pracy. Wskazano konieczność profilaktyki pierwotnej i wtórnej, jak również rehabilitacji zawodowej.
n the article the authors present the problems of working people with rheumatic disease. The character of these disorders and the relation between them and the kind of work or working environment are described. The necessity of primary and secondary prevention and rehabilitation is indicated.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2003, 5; 19-21
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the Musculoskeletal Load of the Trapezius and Deltoid Muscles During Hand Activity
Autorzy:
Roman-Liu, D.
Tokarski, T.
Kamińska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91179.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
electromyography
muscle fatigue
precision work
hand activities
choroby narządów ruchu
fizjologia mięśni
praca mięśni
ręka
Opis:
The purpose of the study was to analyse the influence of the precision of a task on tension and fatigue of the trapezius and deltoid muscles. Ten young men took part in experiments. Different levels of force and different frequencies of pressing a button defined the precision of the task. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used. Muscle tension and fatigue were reflected by 2 parameters of the EMG signal: the Root Mean Square amplitude related to the maximum value and changes in the Median Power Frequency. The results showed that hand activities influence the descending part of the trapezius muscle and do not influence the deltoid muscle, and that the precision of work can influence the examined muscles of the arm and shoulder even during work in which only the hand is involved in a performed task.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 2; 179-193
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Differences in Dentists’ Working Postures When Adopting Proprioceptive Derivation vs. Conventional Concept
Autorzy:
Chaikumarn, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91093.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
proprioceptive derivation
posture
RULA
dentist
służba zdrowia
zagrożenia zdrowia
pozycja przy pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
stomatolog
Opis:
New technologies and changes in dental care, including the proprioceptive derivation (Pd) concept, aimed at providing dentists with greater comfort and better health, were introduced in Thailand. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in dentists’ working postures when adopting different work concepts: Pd and the conventional concept. The results showed differences in dentists’ sitting posture, clock-related working positions, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores. This implied that Pd helped dentists to discover new ways of positioning themselves, and working comfortably and effectively, which made it possible for them to adopt better working posture and have lower RULA scores. In conclusion, the Pd concept had a positive effect on dentists’ working posture.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 441-449
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Europejskie inicjatywy na rzecz poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego
European initiatives for road traffic safety improvement
Autorzy:
Goniewicz, K.
Goniewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/180954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
wypadki drogowe
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
europejskie programy profilaktyczne
traffic accidents
road traffic safety
European prevention programmes
Opis:
Wypadki drogowe stanowią jeden z najważniejszych problemów polityki zdrowotnej i społecznej współczesnego świata Obecnie na świecie śmiertelny wypadek drogowy zdarza się średnio co 50 sekund, a co dwie sekundy powoduje on obrażenia u ludzi. Według WHO każdego roku na drogach świata ginie prawie 1,3 mln osób, a od 20 do 50 mln osób doznaje ciężkich obrażeń ciała i wymaga długotrwałego, kosztownego leczenia. Wielu następstwom wypadków drogowych można skutecznie zapobiegać, co wymaga jednak ciągłej pracy nad nowymi metodami i technika m i efektywnej profilaktyki. W ostatnich latach, z powodu ciągłego wzrostu liczby ofiar śmiertelnych i rannych w wypadkach w ruchu drogowym, podjęto szereg inicjatyw dotyczących poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego w skali kontynentalnej i globalnej. W artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze światowe i europejskie programy dotyczące profilaktyki wypadków drogowych.
Road accidents are one of the most important problems of health and social policy of the modern world. The problem of road accidents appeared early in the development of the automotive industry and, together with its development took epidemic proportions. Currently, in the world, a fatal traffic accident occurs on average every 50 seconds, and every 2 seconds it causes injures to humans. According to WHO data, over 13 million people die each year on roads, and between 20 and 50 million suffer serious injuries and mostly require lengthy and costly treatment. Many consequences of road accidents can be effectively prevented. This requires continuous work on new methods and techniques for effective and sustainable prevention. In recent years, due to the continuous in increase in the number of deaths and injuries on the road, the heave been many initiatives to improve road safety in the continental and global scale. This paper presents the most important global and European programmes for preventing road accidents.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2014, 9; 24-29
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomics Intervention in an Iranian Tire Manufacturing Industry
Autorzy:
Motamedzade, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
participatory ergonomics
musculoskeletal disorders
team work
tire industry
choroby narządów ruchu
ergonomia
produkcja opon
praca zespołowa
Opis:
The aim of an ergonomics intervention conducted in the tire manufacturing industry was to improve working conditions. Before the start, a senior manager supported the intervention. Participants were divided into teams and trained. After observing the overall performance of the teams, over 100 improvements were successfully implemented. After the improvements, there were statistically significant differences in annual and weekly prevalence of, and annual disability reported for, the upper back, the lower back, knees and wrists between before and after intervention. The annual prevalence of upper back, lower back, knee and wrist complaints decreased from, respectively, 60.3%, 50.2%, 28.9%, 25.8% before the intervention to 31.3%, 35.9%, 17.1%, 20.7% after the intervention. Significant factors were training and supportive environment based on full commitment of the top management.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 475-484
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wymagania prawne dotyczące akcesoriów odblaskowych stosowanych przez pieszych
Legal requirements for reflective gear for pedestrians
Autorzy:
Pościk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/179273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
akcesoria o wysokiej widzialności
wypadki w ruchu drogowym
wymagania prawne
high-visibility accessories
road accidents
legal requirements
Opis:
Corocznie w Polsce w wypadkach drogowych ginie ponad 800 pieszych. Jedną z głównych przyczyn tych wypadków jest ich niedostateczna widzialność, szczególnie w warunkach nocnych. Skuteczną metodą poprawy widzialności pracowników wykonujących m.in. remonty dróg oraz pieszych jest zastosowanie przez nich akcesoriów odblaskowych, odbijających światła reflektorów samochodowych w kierunku źródła. W artykule omówiono wymagania prawne dotyczące wprowadzania do obrotu akcesoriów odblaskowych, ich konstrukcję, ograniczenia w stosowaniu oraz wymagania techniczne określone w normie europejskiej.
Over 800 pedestrians are killed in road accidents in Poland every year. Inadequate visibility. especially at night, is a main cause of these accidents. Retro-reflective accessories, which reflect the light of car headlights towards their source are effective in improving road worker s' and pedestrians' visibility. This article discusses the legal requirements for marketing retro-reflective accessories, for their construction, limitations m use and technical requirements set out in a European standard.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2018, 6; 22-24
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer Usage With Cold Hands; An Experiment With Pointing Devices
Autorzy:
Blomkvist, A. C.
Gard, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
cold hand
computer use
input device
movement analysis
acquisition time
cold climate
komputer
analiza ruchu
praca przy komputerze
Opis:
Computers are used in the outdoors and in connection with cold store work. Cold hand and fingers limit data input, as studied here. Six input devices; trackballs, pens, and a mouse were tested by 19 participants in a Fitts' target acquisition task with 2 target sizes under 2 experimental conditions; warm and cold right hand. Measures were acquisition times, number of errors, participant's preferences, and observed handling of the devices. Effects of device, target size, and cold were significant. Learning and attempts to improve handgrip were confirmed. Large enough targets, a thick pen, and a mouse make computer work practicable in the cold. Direct visual feedback, as with pen on template with target images, shortened acquisition times by half a second.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 4; 429-450
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Ergonomic Study on Posture-Related Discomfort Among Preadolescent Agricultural Workers of West Bengal, India
Autorzy:
Gangopadhyay, S.
Das, B.
Das, T.
Ghoshal, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
preadolescence
agricultural worker
posture
discomfort
rolnictwo
ergonomia
młodociani
pozycja przy pracy
warunki pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
czynniki ryzyka
Opis:
In India, particularly in West Bengal, preadolescents are primarily associated with agricultural work in rural areas. Owing to poor socio-economic conditions, they are compelled to carry out a considerable number of manual, rigorous tasks in agricultural fields. The main aim of this study was to investigate postures adopted by preadolescent agricultural workers during individual agricultural activities and to analyze the causes of discomfort related to those postures. Fifty male and 50 female preadolescent agricultural workers were randomly selected and a detailed posture analysis was performed with the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). It was observed that those workers worked continuously in awkward postures during certain agricultural activities. Consequently they suffered from discomfort in different parts of their body. Even though they were very young, they were likely to suffer from serious musculoskeletal disorders in the future.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 315-322
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Association Between Perceived Demands and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences: A Questionnaire Survey
Autorzy:
Choobineh, A.
Rajaeefard, A.
Neghab, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
Iran
musculoskeletal disorders
nurses
perceived demands
pozycja przy pracy
badania terenowe
personel pielęgniarski
choroby narządów ruchu
ankietowanie
MSD
Opis:
Excessive demands on nurses may result in high rates of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study was conducted among hospital nurses of Iran’s Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) to determine the prevalence of MSDs and to examine the relationship between perceived demands and reported MSDs. In this study, 641 randomly selected nurses from 12 SUMS hospitals participated. The Nordic musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire and Job Content Questionnaire were used as collecting data tools.The results showed that 84.4% of the participants had experienced some form of symptoms of MSDs during the past 12 months. Lower back symptoms were found to be the most prevalent problem. Perceived physical demands were significantly associated with MSDs (OR = 1.5–2.7). No association was found between perceived psychological demands and reported symptoms. It was concluded that any intervention program for preventing MSDs among SUMS hospital nurses had to focus on reducing physical demands, particularly excessive postural demands.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 409-416
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomechanical Stresses in Computer-Aided Design and in Data Entry
Autorzy:
Cail, F.
Aptel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
VDU work
MSD
biomechanical stresses
choroby narządów ruchu
schorzenia kończyn górnych
ręka
komputer
układ kostny
praca przy komputerze
Opis:
A study of the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper limbs was carried out on 2 populations, 1 performing a computer-aided design (CAD) task and the other performing a data entry task. A questionnaire on MSD complaints and working life was completed by a sample of each population. Biomechanical measurements of the forces, the angles, and the repetitiveness of movements of the upper limbs were carried out on some operators in each sample. It emerged that complaints of the upper limbs seem to be linked to the use of input devices. The grip forces exerted when using the keyboard and mouse were higher in CAD than in data entry.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 3; 235-255
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Costs of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in Developing Countries: Colombia Case
Autorzy:
Piedrahita, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal disorders
productivity
cost
developing countries
Kolumbia
koszty chorób
choroby narządów ruchu
choroba zawodowa
gospodarki w stadium przejściowym
Opis:
The real burden of occupational diseases, specifically work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), and its impact on workers’ productivity is not known. The situation is critical in developing countries where only cases that cause workers’ disability are recorded. In this study, the incidence of MSDs in Colombia was estimated by using the age and gender specific double incidence rate of repetitive strain injuries diseases in Finland for 2002. The results showed that the estimated number of MSDs recorded in Colombia during 2005 was 23,477 cases at the rate of 11.6 cases per 10,000 workers. The estimated total cost of these MSD cases relative to workers’ productivity was US $171.7 million, representing around 0.2% of Colombia’s Gross Domestic Product for 2005. The systematic appraisal of the incidence of MSDs and their associated cost on workers’ productivity are necessary in developing countries to reduce the costly impact on productivity and to increase workers’ well-being.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 379-386
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 49

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