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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Cognitive Failures, Driving Errors and Driving Accidents
    Autorzy:
    Allahyari, T.
    Saraji, G. N.
    Adl, J.
    Hosseini, M.
    Iravani, M.
    Younesian, M.
    Kass, S. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90753.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    cognitive failure
    driving error
    driving accident
    taxi drivers
    self-report data
    Opis:
    Introduction. The impact of a driver’s cognitive capability on traffic safety has not been adequately studied. This study examined the relationship between cognitive failures, driving errors and accident data. Method. Professional drivers from Iran (160 males, ages 18–65) participated in this study. The cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and the driver error questionnaire were administered. The participants were also asked other questions about personal driving information. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine the factor structure of the CFQ. Poisson regression models were developed to predict driving errors and accidents from total CFQ scores and the extracted factors. Results. Total CFQ scores were associated with driving error rates, but not with accidents. However, the 2 extracted factors suggested an increased effect on accidents and were strongly associated with driving errors. Discussion. Although the CFQ was not able to predict driving accidents, it could be used to identify drivers susceptible to driving errors. Further development of a driving-oriented cognitive failure scale is recommended to help identify error prone drivers. Such a scale may be beneficial to licensing authorities or for developing driver selection and training procedures for organizations.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 149-158
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chinese Drivers’ Risky Driving and Risk Taking in Other Life Situations
    Autorzy:
    Wang, P.
    Rau, P. L. P.
    Salvendy, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90106.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    Chinese drivers
    risky driving
    risk taking
    Opis:
    The first aim of this study was to investigate Chinese drivers’ preferences to risk-taking behaviors encountered in daily life, including safety and health, finance, recreation, social areas, and ethics. The second aim was to evaluate the association between Chinese risky driving and other risk-taking behaviors. A questionnaire survey was conducted with the 324 Chinese drivers who responded. Through a principal component analysis an 8-factor structure was created to interpret different domains of risk-taking behaviors. They were risks in driving, ethics, recreation, gambling, abused health (voluntarily engaging in smoking and binge drinking), investment, ignored health (ignoring personal health, such as eating expired food), and monetary social areas. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that drivers who were likely to engage in driving risks were also likely to take risks in domains of ethics, abused health, gambling, investment, recreation, and ignored health.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 2; 155-164
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Field Quantification of Physical Exposures of Police Officers in Vehicle Operation
    Autorzy:
    McKinnon, C. D.
    Callaghan, J. P.
    Dickerson, C. R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90976.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    police officers
    driving
    activity characterization
    mobile data terminal
    Opis:
    Mobile police officers perform many of their daily duties in their vehicles. Combined workspace inflexibility and prolonged driving create potential musculoskeletal injury risks. Limited research exists that quantitatively describes postural and load exposures associated with mobile police work. The purpose of this study was to characterize officer activity during a typical workday and identify opportunities for ergonomic intervention. Digital video of traffic officers (N = 10) was used to classify postures according to work activity. Cumulative time in 10 activities was calculated, and a time-history of driver activity documented. Most (55.5 ± 13.4%) time was out of the vehicle, and 22.3 ± 10.5% was spent in single-arm driving. On paper documentation and mobile data terminal use were identified as in-car activities that may benefit from targeted interventions. The primary contribution of this study is characterization of daily mobile police activity and the identification of possible intervention strategies to mitigate physical exposure levels.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 1; 61-68
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigating Data Entry Task Performance on a Laptop Under the Impact of Vibration: The Effect of Color
    Autorzy:
    Mallick, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90462.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    driving environment
    vibration
    text/background color
    novice
    intermediate
    expert
    Opis:
    The last 20 years have seen a tremendous growth in mobile computing and wireless communications and services. An experimental study was conducted to explore the effect of text/background color on a laptop computing system along with variable environmental vibration on operators’ data entry task performance in moving automobiles. The operators’ performance was measured in terms of the number of characters entered per minute without spaces (NCEPMWS) on a laptop computing system. The subjects were divided into 3 categories, namely, Novices, Intermediates and Experts. Findings suggest a re-evaluation of existing laptop designs taking ergonomics into consideration. It appears that proper selection of text/background color on the laptop coupled with controlled vehicular speed could result in a better quality of interaction between human and laptops and it could also resolve the problem of poor data entry task performance.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2007, 13, 3; 291-303
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Cognitive Failure and Its Relationship With Unsafe Behaviors and Accidents
    Autorzy:
    Hassanzadeh-Rangi, N.
    Farshad, A. A.
    Khosravi, Y.
    Zare, G.
    Mirkazemi, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89976.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational cognitive failure
    unsafe driving behavior
    accident
    niebezpieczne zachowania
    wypadki
    kierowca
    Opis:
    Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between occupational cognitive failures (OCFs) and unsafe behaviors, accidents and driving offences among municipal bus drivers in Tehran, Iran. Methods. Systematic random sampling was used to select 190 drivers from 3 transport and traffic Tehran districts. Data were collected with the occupational cognitive failure questionnaire (OCFQ), the driver behavior questionnaire and a data collection form. Results. The mean (SD) numbers of driving-related offences and road traffic accidents were 1.5 (2.6) and 0.37 (1.0), respectively. The mean (SD) numbers of deliberate driving violations, unintended violations, driving slips and mistakes were 6.97 (5.5), 1.61 (1.5), 13.6 (9.0) and 4.53 (3.28), respectively. The mean (SD) number of the OCFs was 28.9 (20.5). A significant correlation was found between occupational cognitive error and unsafe driving behavior subscales. The stepwise logistic regression results showed that, while controlling the effects of confounding factors, the OCF predicts 6%, 9%, 15% and 9% of deliberate violations, unintended violations, driving slips and driving mistakes, respectively. Conclusion. The results of this study show that the score of the OCFQ is a predictor of unsafe driving behaviors and its subscales.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 2; 265-271
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effect of an Active Lumbar System on the Seating Comfort of Officers in Police Fleet Vehicles
    Autorzy:
    Donnelly, C. J.
    Callaghan, J. P.
    Durkin, J. L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90797.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    driving
    low back
    discomfort
    police officers
    active lumbar system
    massage
    automobile seat
    Opis:
    The purposes of this study were to determine which seat features/occupational demands contributed to police officer discomfort and whether an automobile seat fitted with an active lumbar system (ALS) could reduce driving discomfort. Fifty-eight officers were given questionnaires to assess driving discomfort. High discomfort levels were associated with computer use, duty belt, sidearm/radio, body armour and lumbar support interface. Discomfort was highest in the lumbar, sacrum, upper pelvis and mid-back regions. Twelve officers spent one shift each in a police vehicle seat and an ALS seat. Discomfort was assessed every 2 h during 8-h shifts. Reduced discomfort was reported with the ALS seat. Three lumbar support features, the duty belt, and the lumbar and right upper pelvis regions, showed reduced discomfort. Overall seat discomfort decreased by 47% after 8 h of exposure to the ALS. Modifying the automobile seat helps to reduce officer discomfort during prolonged vehicle usage.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 3; 295-307
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Agresja drogowa - lekceważone niebezpieczeństwo
    Road aggression - an underestimated hazard
    Autorzy:
    Grunt-Mejer, K.
    Grunt-Mejer, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181369.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    stres
    gniew
    gniew drogowy
    agresja drogowa
    stress
    road rage
    driving aggresion
    road agression
    Opis:
    Artykuł przedstawia rzadko podejmowaną w polskim piśmiennictwie problematykę agresji drogowej w 3 jej wymiarach: agresywnej jazdy, gniewu drogowego oraz furii drogowej. Pokazana jest skala zjawiska w Polsce i na świecie oraz przekrój czynników, wpływających na poziom agresji drogowej, zarówno indywidualnych, jak i środowiskowych. Zaprezentowano również techniki prewencyjne, mające na celu obniżenie własnego gniewu oraz łagodzenie agresywnej reakcji innych kierowców.
    This article presents a topic rarely undertaken in Polish writing, namely driving aggression in its three dimensions: aggressive driving, anger while driving and road rage. The scale of the phenomenon in Poland and in the world is presented, as well as an array of the factors, both indwidual and environmental, responsible for the level of aggression. Preventive techniques aimed at reducing anger and mitigating difficult situations on the road are also discussed.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2011, 7/8; 17-19
    0137-7043
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Vibroacoustic Diagnostic System as an Element Improving Road Transport Safety
    Autorzy:
    Komorska, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90803.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    vehicle driving system
    vibroacoustic signal
    diagnostic model
    transport drogowy
    zagrożenia mechaniczne
    uszkodzenia mechaniczne
    sygnał wibroakustyczny
    model diagnostyczny
    Opis:
    Mechanical defects of a vehicle driving system can be dangerous on the road. Diagnostic systems, which monitor operations of electric and electronic elements and devices of vehicles, are continuously developed and improved, while defects of mechanical systems are still not managed properly. This article proposes supplementing existing on-board diagnostics with a system of diagnosing selected defects to minimize their impact. It presents a method of diagnosing mechanical defects of the engine, gearbox and other elements of the driving system on the basis of a model of the vibration signal obtained adaptively. This method is suitable for engine valves, engine head gasket, main gearbox, joints, etc.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 371-385
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Impact of Mobile Data Terminal Use on Posture and Low-Back Discomfort When Combined With Simulated Prolonged Driving in Police Cruisers
    Autorzy:
    Gruevski, K. M.
    McKinnon, C. D.
    Dickerson, C. R.
    Callaghan, J. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91020.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational driving
    low-back discomfort
    mobile data terminals
    police officers
    pozycja przy pracy
    kierowcy i maszyniści
    nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
    dyskomfort
    policjant
    kierowcy zawodowi
    Opis:
    The introduction of mobile computing within a constrained vehicle environment has led to changes in the task demands of occupational groups such as professional drivers and law enforcement officers. The purpose of this study was to examine how mobile data terminal (MDT) use interacts with prolonged driving to induce postural changes or low-back discomfort. Eighteen participants (9 male, 9 female) completed two 120-min simulated driving sessions. Time-varying lumbar spine and pelvis postures, seat pan interface pressures and ratings of perceived discomfort were recorded at 15-min intervals. The introduction of a computer interface decreased pelvic posterior rotation by an average of 15° with respect to upright standing and increased peak average discomfort in the neck (5.9 mm), left shoulder (6.8 mm), midback (10.9 mm), low back (10.6 mm) and pelvis (11.5 mm) compared to driving alone. The incorporation of mobile computing warrants consideration in the design of vehicle work environments.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 415-422
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effect of Age on Cognitive Performance Under the Impact of Vibration in a Driving Environment
    Autorzy:
    Muzammil, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90076.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    equivalent acceleration of vibration
    difficulty index
    driving environment
    cognitive performance
    reaction time
    adaptacja człowieka do pracy
    kierowcy i maszyniści
    drgania
    transport
    czas reakcji
    Opis:
    The effect of organismic variable age on human cognitive performance was studied under the impact of vibration in different automobile driving environments, namely city streets, rural roads and highways. Reaction time was measured in milliseconds through a human response measurement system specifically designed for the purpose. Results of the study showed that age had a significant effect in city street and rural road conditions. It was also found that the level of equivalent acceleration of vibration and a difficulty index significantly affected cognitive performance in all driving conditions. The organismic variable age observed to have a significant effect on task performance implied that youngsters and older people are stressed differently in specific environments of driving so proper stress management strategies should be evolved for them in order to minimize the number of accidents.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 4; 333-348
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Autonomiczny system awaryjnego hamowania - działanie
    Autonomous emergency braking system - function
    Autorzy:
    Budziszewski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/180054.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo aktywne samochodów
    autonomiczny system awaryjnego hamowania (AEB)
    reakcja kierowcy
    symulator jazdy samochodem
    car active safety
    Autonomus Emergency Braking System (AEB)
    driver reaction
    car driving simulator
    Opis:
    Samochody coraz częstej wyposażane są dziś w automatyczne systemy bezpieczeństwa, których zadaniem jest zapobiegnięcie wypadkowi lub zminimalizowanie jego skutków. Funkcjonowanie takich systemów opiera się na złożonych algorytmach, które analizują sytuacje drogową i wzajemną konfigurację jej uczestników i na tej podstawie przewidują prawdopodobny bieg wydarzeń oraz doprowadzają do podjęcia działań prewencyjnych w okolicznościach grożących wypadkiem Niezmiernie istotne jest takie ustawienie tych algorytmów, zęby wspierały one kierowcę w sytuacji wypadkowej, ale jednocześnie nie utrudniały mu podejmowania innych działań prewencyjnych. Dla projektantów takich systemów niezwykle ważna jest wiec wiedza o tym, jakie są zamierzenia kierowcy w momencie, gdy spodziewa się on wypadku. Wykorzystanie rzeczywistego samochodu do badania zachowania kierowcy jest jednak praktycznie niemożliwe w sytuacji wypadkowej. Do badania takich przypadków nadaje się natomiast doskonale symulator jazdy samochodem.
    Modern cars are increasingly often equipped with automatic safety systems aimed at avoiding collision or it mitigating its effects. The operation of such systems is based on complex algorithms, whose task is to analyze the traffic situation and the relative configuration of its participants, to predict on this basis the probable course of events and to take preventive actions in situations which may lead to collision. It is essential to design these algorithms to assist drivers in case of an accident, but not to hinder other preventive actions. For designers of such systems, it is, therefore, extremely important to know what drivers intend to do when they expect an accident. The use of an actual car to study driver behavior, however, is virtually impossible in an accident A driving simulator is perfectly suited to study such cases.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2015, 5; 22-24
    0137-7043
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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