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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Cooling Suits, Physiological Response, and Task Performance in Hot Environments for the Power Industry
    Autorzy:
    Furtado, A. L.
    Craig, B. N.
    Chard, J. T.
    Zaloom, V. A.
    Chu, H. W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90186.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    heat stress
    energy expenditure
    task performance
    cooling suit
    Opis:
    Heat stress on workers working outdoors in the power industry may result in fatigue and deterioration in task performance. This research collected and analyzed data on task performance of workers working indoors and outdoors with and without a cooling suit. The task performance was compared on the basis of heart rate, oxygen consumption, tympanic temperature, subjective responses, productivity, and error rates. Based on One-Way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) results, a significantly lower estimated working oxygen consumption was observed (p < .001) when the cooling suit was worn. The productivity was higher while workers wore the cooling suit as compared to no cooling suit (p = .011) whereas the error rates were significantly lower (p < .001). Also a significantly lower self-reported discomfort was observed in the neck and shoulders while working wearing the cooling suit (p = .004). This study concluded that wearing a cooling suit while working outdoors was associated with physiological benefits as well as improved task performance of the study participants.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2007, 13, 3; 227-239
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Relation Between Upper Limb Muscle and Brain Activity in Two Precision Levels of Repetitive Light Tasks
    Autorzy:
    Zadry, H. R.
    Md Dawal, S. Z.
    Taha, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90457.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    upper limb muscle
    brain activity
    precision repetitive
    light task
    Opis:
    A study was conducted to investigate the effects of repetitive light tasks of low and high precision on upper limb muscles and brain activities. Surface electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to measure the muscle and brain activity of 10 subjects. The results show that the root-mean-square (RMS) and mean power frquency (MPF) of the muscle activity and the mean power of the EEG alpha bands were higher on the high-precision task than on the low-precision one. There was also a high and significant correlation between upper limb muscle and brain activity during the tasks. The longer the time and the more precise the task, the more the subjects become fatigued both physically and mentally. Thus, these results could be potentially useful in managing fatigue, especially fatique related to muscle and mental workload.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 4; 373-384
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Study on the Combined Effect of Noise and Vibration on Operators’ Performance of a Readability Task in a Mobile Driving Environment
    Autorzy:
    Khan, I. A.
    Mallick, Z.
    Khan, Z. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89941.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    equivalent acceleration of vibration
    task performance
    mobile environment
    Opis:
    This paper presents a study in which the main objective was to investigate the combined effect of noise and vibration on the performance of a readability task in a mobile driving environment. Subjects performed a readability task on a laptop computer in a sitting posture with their backs supported with a backrest under varying levels of noise and vibration. The data in terms of the mean number of characters read per minute were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the individual effect of noise, vibration, and the operators’ gender as well as the interaction between gender and noise, and gender and vibration were statistically significant. However, the combined effect of noise and vibration was not found to be statistically significant. Results also indicated that gender was statistically significant at all levels of noise as well as vibration, and noise and vibration were statistically significant at both levels of gender.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2007, 13, 2; 127-136
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Study on the Effects of Human Age, Type of Computer and Noise on Operators’ Performance of a Data Entry Task
    Autorzy:
    Khan, Z. A.
    Rizvi, S. A. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91125.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    equivalent noise level
    age
    visual display units
    data entry task performance
    Opis:
    The effects of human age, type of computer, and noise on computer operators’ performance of a data entry task were investigated. Twenty male subjects aged 10–55 were assigned into 4 age groups each consisting of 5 persons. They performed the task for 15 min on desktop and laptop computers in a sitting posture under varying levels of noise. The mean number of characters entered per minute (MNCEPM) was statistically analyzed. Operators in the 16–25 age group achieved the highest rate of data entry at each level of noise investigated. Operators performed better on desktop than on laptop computers. Their performance decreased when noise level increased from 82 to 92 dB(A), but it improved at 102 dB(A). The effects of age and noise were statistically significant. However, the effects of the type of computer, the interactions between age and type of computer, age and noise level, and type of computer and noise were not found to be statistically significant.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 4; 455-463
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Study on the Effect of Human Laterality, Type of Computer and Noise on Operators’ Performance of a Data Entry Task
    Autorzy:
    Khan, Z. A.
    Rizvi, S. A. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90760.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    equivalent noise level
    motor-sidedness
    visual display units
    data entry task performance
    Opis:
    Effects of human laterality, type of computer and noise on computer operators’ performance of a data entry task were investigated. Seven right- and 7 left-motorsided male subjects performed the task on desktop and laptop computers in a sitting posture under varying noise levels. The mean number of characters entered per minute was statistically analysed. The right-motorsided operators entered more data than left-motorsided ones at each noise level. Operators performed better on desktop computers. Operators’ performance decreased when noise level increased from 82 to 92 dB(A) but it improved at 102 dB(A). Effects of laterality, type of computer and noise, and the interaction between laterality and noise were statistically significant. The interactions between laterality and type of computer, and type of computer and noise were statistically insignificant. Laterality was statistically significant at all noise levels and noise was statistically significant for right motor-sided operators only.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 1; 53-60
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Study on the Combined Effect of Noise and Vibration on the Performance of a Readability Task in a Mobile Driving Environment by Operators of Different Ages
    Autorzy:
    Khan, I. A.
    Mallick, Z.
    Khan, Z. A.
    Muzammil, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    equivalent acceleration of vibration
    task performance
    mobile environment
    operator’s age
    Opis:
    This study investigated the combined effect of noise and vibration on the performance of a readability task in a mobile driving environment by operators of different ages. Subjects performed a readability task on a laptop computer in a sitting posture without their backs supported under varying levels of noise and vibration. Data in terms of a mean number of characters read per minute were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the individual effects of noise, vibration, and operators’ age as well as the interaction between operators’ age and vibration were statistically significant. However, the combined effect of noise and vibration was not found to be statistically significant. Results also indicated that the operators’ age was statistically significant at all levels of vibration and vibration was statistically significant at all levels of operators’ age.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 3; 277-286
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prediction of Musculoskeletal Discomfort in a Pick and Place Task (A pilot study)
    Autorzy:
    Kruizinga, C. P.
    Delleman, N. J.
    Schellekens, J. M. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    prediction
    musculoskeletal discomfort
    RSI
    repetitive task
    multiple regression
    prognoza
    dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowe
    postawa ciała
    Opis:
    A pilot study was conducted regarding the effects of working posture, handling frequency, and task duration on musculoskeletal discomfort. Participants rated their discomfort perceived while performing a repetitive task at 8 different combinations of manipulations. Pauses between the work periods lasted 15 min. Discomfort was rated according to Borg’s category-ratio scale CR-10 and postures were recorded by an optoelectronic movement registration system. From linear multiple regression analysis equations for predicting discomfort at various body regions were obtained. Coefficients of determination especially point to trunk inclination and handling frequency as major determinants of musculoskeletal discomfort.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 3; 271-286
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Study of Computer-Based Task Performance Under Thermal Stress
    Autorzy:
    Chase, B.
    Karwowski, W.
    Benedict, M. E.
    Quesada, P. M.
    Irwin-Chase, H. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90836.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    dual task
    thermal environment
    cognitive performance
    środowisko pracy
    obciążenie cieplne
    aklimatyzacja w wysokiej temperaturze
    mikroklimat
    Opis:
    A visual-visual dual computer task was designed to test the effect of the thermal environment on dual task performance. The temperatures selected for testing were 20 and 35 °C Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT). 34 volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 temperature conditions. Individual differences in single task performance were controlled by equating the baselines of single task performance. Once individual differences in single task capacity were con-trolled, statistically significant differences in performance were demonstrated. Mean Accuracy was computed over a 1-hr testing period in each temperature condition. Participants’ mean accuracy in the 35° condition (38.18%) was substantially lower than in the 20° condition (50.88%).
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 1; 5-15
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Participative Versus Assigned Production Standard Setting in a Repetitive Industrial Task: A Strategy for Improving Worker Productivity
    Autorzy:
    Das, B.
    Shikdar, A. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89753.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    participative standard
    assigned standard
    performance feedback
    repetitive industrial task
    worker productivity
    produktywność pracowników
    wydajność pracowników
    produkcja przemysłowa
    Opis:
    The participative standard with feedback condition was superior to the assigned difficult (140% of normal) standard with feedback condition in terms of worker productivity. The percentage increase in worker productivity with the participative standard and feedback condition was 46%, whereas the increase in the assigned difficult standard with feedback was 23%, compared to the control group (no standard, no feedback). Worker productivity also improved significantly as a result of assigning a normal (100%) production standard with feedback, compared to the control group, and the increase was 12%. The participative standard with feedback condition emerges as the optimum strategy for improving worker productivity in a repetitive industrial production task.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 3; 417-430
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Upper Limb Load as a Function of Repetitive Task Parameters: Part 1 - A Model of Upper Limb Load
    Autorzy:
    Roman-Liu, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90123.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    external load
    upper limb
    handgrip force
    cycle work
    repetitive task parameters
    praca powtarzalna
    obciążenie fizyczne
    kończyna górna
    siła mięśni
    obciążenie pracą
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to develop a theoretical indicator of upper limb musculoskeletal load based on repetitive task parameters. As such the dimensionless parameter, Integrated Cycle Load (ICL) was accepted. It expresses upper limb load which occurs during 1 cycle. The indicator is based on a model of a repetitive task, which consists of a model of the upper limb, a model of basic types of upper limb forces and a model of parameters of a repetitive task such as length of the cycle, length of periods of the cycle and external force exerted during each of the periods of the cycle. Calculations of the ICL parameter were performed for 12 different variants of external load characterized by different values of repetitive task parameters. A comparison of ICL, which expresses external load with a physiological indicator of upper limb load, is presented in Part 2 of the paper.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 1; 93-102
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Hook Handles in a Pulling Task
    Autorzy:
    Kong, Y. K.
    Freivalds, A.
    Kim, S. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90931.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    handle evaluation
    finger/phalange force contributions
    hook pulling task
    uchwyt narzędziowy
    kończyna górna
    ergonomia
    ocena sprzętu i wyposażenia
    pozycja przy pracy
    Opis:
    To evaluate the effect of handle design characteristics on subjective ratings and pulling forces, meat-hook handles with various handle shapes, sizes, and hook positions were tested in a pulling task. Finger and phalange force data measured by force sensitive resistors and subjective ratings of discomfort were also evaluated. Generally subjects preferred 37-mm double frustum, 30-mm oval handles followed by 30-mm double frustum handles, 37-mm oval, and 45-mm double frustum handles. In the analyses of total pulling force, 37- and 45-mm double frustum handles showed less required pulling force than the others. The averages of finger force contributions to the total pulling force were 27.2, 28.1, 23.9, and 20.8% in order from index to little fingers. The average of phalange force contributions were 28.8, 33.6, and 37.6% for the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges, respectively. The findings illustrate that the pulling finger forces and subjective discomfort ratings were related to the handle shape as well as handle size.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 303-313
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Job Level Risk Assessment Using Task Level Strain Index Scores: A Pilot Study
    Autorzy:
    Drinkaus, P.
    Bloswick, D. S.
    Sesek, R.
    Mann, C.
    Bernard, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90342.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    Strain Index
    Distal Upper Extremity (DUE)
    multi-task risk assessment
    ocena ryzyka zawodowego
    choroby narządów ruchu
    obciążenie fizyczne
    kończyna górna
    siła mięśni
    Opis:
    This paper explores 2 methods of modifying the Strain Index (SI) to assess the ergonomic risk of multi-task jobs. Twenty-eight automotive jobs (15 cases and 13 controls) were studied. The first method is based on the maximum task SI score, and the second method is modeled on the NIOSH Composite Lifting Index (CLI) algorithm, named cumulative assessment of risk to the distal upper extremity (CARD). Significant odds ratios of 11 (CI 1.7–69) and 24 (CI 2.4–240) were obtained using the modified maximum task and CARD, respectively. This indicates that modification of the SI may be useful in determining the risk of distal upper extremity injury associated with a multi-task job.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 2; 141-152
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Doskonalenie badań hałasu w środowisku pracy : metoda pomiaru pojedynczych zdarzeń akustycznych oraz metoda dostosowania danych wejściowych
    Autorzy:
    Fugiel, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958182.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    hałas
    środowisko pracy
    pomiary
    wybór strategii pomiarowej
    pomiary z podziałem na czynności
    nauki o zdrowiu
    inżynieria środowiska
    noise
    work environment
    measurements
    selection of measurements strategies
    task-based measurement
    health sciences
    environmental engineering
    Opis:
    Pomiary hałasu przeprowadzone według 1. strategii pomiarowej (pomiary z podziałem na czynności), zgodnie z wymaganiami normy PN–EN ISO 9612:2011 „Akustyka. Wyznaczanie zawodowej ekspozycji na hałas. Metoda techniczna, nie zawsze prowadzą do uzyskania wiarygodnych wyników pomiarów. Ma to miejsce w sytuacjach, w których mierzony hałas charakteryzuje się znaczną zmiennością wynikającą ze zróżnicowanej intensywności pracy lub zmian czasów trwania poszczególnych cykli technologicznych. To samo dotyczy krótkotrwałych zdarzeń akustycznych charakteryzujących się wysokimi poziomami dźwięku oraz różnego rodzaju przerw w realizowanych przez pracownika czynnościach. Przyczyny te oraz przyjęte w 1. strategii pomiarowej – uproszczenia matematyczne – bywają często źródłem istotnych błędów. Dla wymienionych sytuacji, w celu poprawy dokładności oraz zmniejszenia czasochłonności pomiarów hałasu w środowisku pracy, zaproponowano następujące metody: 1) Metodę pomiarów pojedynczych zdarzeń akustycznych (używana w badaniach środowiska zewnętrznego w zakresie pomiarów hałasów komunikacyjnych) – którą zaadoptowano do środowiska pracy przez wyprowadzenie stosowanych w niej wzorów matematycznych (1. strategia pomiarowa), podanie zasad wykonywania pomiarów oraz wyprowadzenie wzorów do szacowania ich niepewności. 2) Metodę dostosowania danych wejściowych – która po odpowiednim przekształceniu danych wejściowych pozwala w sposób ścisły na wykonanie obliczeń wyników końcowych (oraz ich niepewności) za pomocą wzorów matematycznych, podanych w 1. strategii pomiarowej. Proponowane metody pozwalają wyznaczyć wszystkie te wartości i dane akustyczne, otrzymywane w rezultacie stosowania 1. strategii pomiarowej. Nadają się również do jednoczesnego z nią stosowania w trakcie badań tego samego stanowiska pracy – co uwzględniono w przedstawionym modelu pomiaru. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.
    Strategy 1 (task-based measurements), described in Standard No. PN-EN ISO 9612: 2011 „Acoustics - Determination of occupational noise exposure - Engineering method „ does not always bring fully reliable results of noise measurements. This happens in conditions where the measured noise varies significantly because of changes in the intensity of work or changes in the duration of individual technological cycles. The same applies to short-term acoustic events characterized by high sound levels and various types of interruptions in activities performed by a worker. These reasons, as well as mathematical simplifications adopted in Strategy 1, often cause significant errors. For such situations, in order to improve accuracy and to reduce the duration of measurements, the following methods have been proposed for measuring noise in the work environment: 1) A method of measuring individual acoustic events (used in measuring traffic noise) adapted to the work environment by deriving mathematical formulas applied in it directly from Strategy 1, providing rules of measuring and deriving formulas for estimating their uncertainty. 2) A method of conditioning input data, which, after appropriate adjustment of input data, makes it possible to calculate final results (and their uncertainties) accurately, with mathematical formulas in Strategy 1. The proposed methods make it possible to determine all the values and acoustic data obtained as a result of using Strategy 1. They can also be applied simultaneously at the same workstation, which is included in the presented measurement model. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
    Źródło:
    Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy; 2019, 4 (102); 181-209
    1231-868X
    Pojawia się w:
    Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rodzaje oświetlenia awaryjnego i cele jego stosowania
    Types and purposes of emergency lighting
    Autorzy:
    Pawlak, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/180449.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    oświetlenie awaryjne
    oświetlenie ewakuacyjne
    oświetlenie drogi ewakuacyjnej
    oświetlenie strefy otwartej
    oświetlenie strefy wysokiego ryzyka
    znaki bezpieczeństwa
    PN-EN 1838: 2013E
    emergency lighting
    emergency escape lighting
    escape route lighting
    open area lighting
    high risk task area lighting
    safety signs
    PN-EN 1838:2013E standard
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono wymagania dotyczące stosowania systemów oświetlenia awaryjnego zawarte w aktualnych przepisach prawnych, z uwzględnieniem zapisów znowelizowanej normy PN-EN1838 z 25 listopada 2013 r. Dokonano interpretacji niektórych, niezbyt jednoznacznych, zapisów zawartych w normach przedmiotowych, a także omówiono rozbieżności pomiędzy wymaganiami zawartymi w różnych dokumentach prawnych. Zaprezentowano podział oświetlenia awaryjnego oraz omówiono cele, wymagania i przykładowe zastosowania poszczególnych rodzajów oświetlenia ewakuacyjnego: oświetlenia dróg ewakuacyjnych, strefy otwartej (zapobiegające panice) i oświetlenia strefy wysokiego ryzyka Przedstawiono także ogólne zasady umieszczania opraw oświetlenia ewakuacyjnego.
    This article outlines the requirements for u sin g emergency lighting systems m accordance with current legislation, including the provisions of Standard EN 1838 revised on November 25, 2013. It explains unclear provisions regarding emergency lighting, and discusses discrepancies between the requirements in various legal documents. This article classifies emergency lighting and presents objectives, requirements and sample use of individual types of emergency escape lighting: escape route lighting, open area (anti-panic) lighting and high risk task area lighting. It also discusses general rules for placing emergency escape lighting fittings.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2017, 9; 24-28
    0137-7043
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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