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Tytuł:
Thermal Strain in Fire Fighters While Wearing Task-Fitted Versus EN 469:2005 Protective Clothing During a Prolonged Rescue Drill
Autorzy:
Ilmarinen, R.
Makinen, H.
Lindholm, H.
Punakallio, A.
Kervinen, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91214.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
thermal strain
cardiovascular strain
heart rate variability
vagal recovery
firefighter
protective clothing
job-related rescue drill
Opis:
Fire fighters are normally overprotected during their working hours because of the tendency to keep the personal protection level sufficiently high in case of the worst possible scenarios. This study investigated the effects of task-fitted protective clothing on thermal strain in fire fighters as compared to EN 469:2005 protective clothing during a prolonged (2 1/2 hrs) job-related rescue drill under neutral and hot climates. The subjects were 23 healthy, physically fit professional male fire fighters aged 26–44 years. Measurements included cardiovascular and thermal responses and subjective assessments. Wearing task-fitted clothing during rescue tasks in a neutral climate considerably reduced total thermal and cardiovascular strain in prolonged rescue work. The fire fighters also perceived physical work as significantly harder on average, and reported more intense subjective discomfort while wearing EN 469:2005 as compared to task-fitted clothing.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 1; 7-18
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thirst and Work Capacity of Older People in a Hot Environment
Autorzy:
Marszałek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
thirst
thermal strain
older people
pragnienie
osoby starsze
termoregulacja
Opis:
In a hot environment, especially during exercise, the main role of thermoregulative mechanisms is to dissipate excessive heat from the body. The most effective way of heat dissipation is sweat production and its evaporation off skin surface. Intense sweating results in a considerable loss of water and electrolytes. There are some results that indicate lower thirst of older men than young ones in response to a hot environment and osmotic stimuli. Our studies conducted in men of different ages exposed to a hot environment indicated that there were no significant differences in rectal temperature (Tre) or heat storage (S) among groups at rest. Lower Tre and lower S in older men with higher physical capacity for their age than in young ones with average physical capacity was shown. However, in all the experiments significantly lower thirst in older men than in the young was indicated. Special attention should be paid to fluid replacement among workers in a hot environment because of lower thirst and lower hydration of older men. These individuals may be exposed to dehydration risk during prolonged exercise, despite the possibility to tolerate heat strain as well as young ones. Further studies are necessary because of some diversity in the meaning of the results.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, Zeszyt Specjalny; 135-142
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Job Strain, Overtime, Life Style, and Cardiovascular Risk in Managers and Physical Workers
Autorzy:
Bugajska, J.
Jędryka-Góral, A.
Widerszal-Bazyl, M.
Orłowska-Baranowska, E.
Sagan, A.
Michalak, J. M.
Zużewicz, K.
Konarska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
cardiovascular risk
job strain
overtime
life style
type of work
Opis:
The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between overtime, job strain and life style, and cardiovascular risk (CVR) in 97 managers and 98 physical workers. CVR was measured with the Framingham method. Information about job strain, overtime, life style and extra-occupational activities was obtained with a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that both groups had a similar, medium-level job stress. Being a manager and having extra-occupational activities (self-education) were significantly related with CVR (p = .000, p = .035, respectively), whereas other factors that were analysed (i.e., physical work and overtime) were not. The managers were older than the physical workers; that may be why the factor of being a manager was significantly related to CVR. The extra-occupational activities connected with improving workersʼ skills may play an important role in the development of workersʼ overload and an increase in CVR.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 1; 25-32
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs
Autorzy:
Halim, I.
Omar, A. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
prolonged standing strain index (PSSI)
standing jobs
muscle fatigue
comfort
control measures
Opis:
Many occupations in industry such as metal stamping workers, electronics parts assembly operators, automotive industry welders, and lathe operators require working in a standing posture for a long time. Prolonged standing can contribute to discomfort and muscle fatigue particularly in the back and legs. This study developed the prolonged standing strain index (PSSI) to quantify the risk levels caused by standing jobs, and proposed recommendations to minimize the risk levels. Risk factors associated with standing jobs, such as working posture, muscles activity, standing duration, holding time, whole-body vibration, and indoor air quality, were the basis for developing the PSSI. All risk factors were assigned multipliers, and the PSSI was the product of those multipliers. Recommendations for improvement are based on the PSSI; however, extensive studies are required to validate their effectiveness.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 1; 85-96
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Body Characteristic Index to Evaluate the Level of Risk of Heat Strain for a Group of Workers With a Test
Autorzy:
Lu, S.
Peng, H.
Gao, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
heat environment
physical fitness
anthropometric characteristic
index
heat strain
środowisko cieplne
sprawność fizyczna
antropometria
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to develop a body characteristic index (BCI) based on the distribution of maximal oxygen uptake per body mass (VO2max/mass), body surface area per body mass (BSA/mass), and percentage of body fat (Fat%) to evaluate the relative level of individual physiological responses to heat strain in a group of workers. BCI was based upon the data obtained from 10 males and 10 females exercising for 60 min on a treadmill at 2 relative exercise intensities of 25% and 45% VO2max in mild, warm wet, and hot dry climate condition, separately. BCI was developed into 2 formulas, which were proved to be better predictors for heat strain responses than each individual characteristic, and more sensitive than body type to describe the distributions of individual characteristics and distinguish the differences in physiological responses to heat.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 4; 647-659
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Psychosocial and Ergonomic Factors, and Their Relation to Musculoskeletal Complaints in the Swedish Workforce
Autorzy:
Wahlstedt, K.
Norback, D.
Wieslander, G.
Skoglund, L.
Runeson, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91158.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
gender
demands-control
iso-strain
psychosocial work environment
musculoskeletal
symptoms
ergonomic factors
national population
Opis:
A random sample of 1 000 subjects (20–65 years old) from the national population of Sweden received a questionnaire; 70% (n = 695) replied, of whom 532 were occupationally active. Female gender, working with neck and/or body bent forward, arms above shoulders, and precision work tasks were predictors of musculoskeletal symptoms. Neck, shoulder, and upper back symptoms were more common in a strained situation at work (high demands, low control) (adjusted odds ratios [adjOR] 2.76, 2.80, and 2.26, respectively). Among females, neck and shoulder symptoms were more common in an iso-strain situation (high demands, low control and low social support) (adjOR 4.43 and 3.69, respectively), and low back symptoms were more common at low social support combined with a passive work situation (adjOR 3.35). No associations were found between iso-strain model and symptoms among males. In conclusion, iso-strain work situation was associated with neck symptoms among females, even when controlling for ergonomic factors.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 3; 311-321
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Parametry ruchu gałek ocznych jako wskaźniki obciążenia psychicznego : przegląd badań
Eyeball movement parameters as indicators of mental strain : research review
Autorzy:
Kamińska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
okulografia
obciążenie psychiczne
średnica źrenicy
częstość mrugania
eye-tracking
mental strain
pupil's diameter
blinking frequency
Opis:
Monitorowanie obciążenia psychicznego (związanego z emocjami lub wykonywaną pracą umysłową i przeciążeniem poznawczym) może być realizowane wieloma metodami doświadczalnymi. Najczęściej stosowane to rejestracje rytmu serca (zmienność rytmu serca HRV) rejestracja poziomu kortyzolu w ślinie lub rejestracja aktywności elektrycznej mózgu. Wszystkie te metody wymagają zaangażowania pracownika, co wiąże się z ingerencją w jego pracę, zachowanie i może wpływać na wyniki pomiarów. W artykule przedstawiono informacje odnośnie do parametrów związanych z narządem wzroku, które mogą być wykorzystane do oceny stanu psychicznego i wpływu sytuacji stresogennych na pracowników, a jednocześnie może być realizowane z wykorzystaniem zdalnego pomiaru (np. okulografu umieszczonego pod ekranem monitora).
Monitoring of the mental strain (however, associated with occupational mental and cognitive overload) may be carried out with the use of a number of experimental methods. Heart rate variability (HRV), salivation cortisol registration or brain electrical activity record are the ones used most commonly. All of the mentioned methods require the involvement of an employee, which means her/his work is about to be interrupted and, therefore, his attitude may affect the results of measurements. The article presents information on the parameters related to the organ of sight, which can be used to assess the mental state and the impact of stress-inducing situations on employees, and simultaneously can be carried out by the use of remote measurement (e g. eye-tracker located underneath PC screen).
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2019, 2; 13-15
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cardiovascular Strain of Sawmill Workers in South-Western Nigeria
Autorzy:
Ismaila, S. O.
Oriolowo, K. T.
Akanbi, O. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90174.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
cardiovascular strain
cardiovascular load
workload
energy expenditure
sawmill worker
obciążenia układu krążenia
pracownik tartaku
Nigeria
Opis:
This study aimed to assess cardiovascular strain during sawmilling operations in terms of physical workload,based on heart rate changes. We measured resting and working heart rates and calculated cardiovascular load (%CVL), cardiovascular strain (%CVS) and relative heart rate (%RHR) in 35 sawmill workers. Based on heart rate only, the work in sawmills was classified as very heavy and extremely heavy. Similarly, a high-level category was recorded for %CVL and a very high range for %CVS. Thus, the workload in sawmill operations is usually very high and can lead to physiological strain of the workers. There is a need to redesign the work content of this occupation to prevent excessive strain in the workers, as this will increase their productivity and reduce their health risk.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 4; 607-611
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomechanical Loads and Subjective Stress Exposure to Lumber Graders in Sawmill Industry
Autorzy:
Jones, T.
Kumar, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
job analysis
lumber graders
wood product manufacturing
repetitive strain
upper extremity
physical and psychophysical stress
Opis:
The aim of this study was to determine biomechanical loads and subjective stresses on lumber graders and associated morbidity in a high risk and repetitive sawmill occupation. The exposures of all 29 male sawmill worker volunteers were recorded. Motion and posture were studied with electrogoniometers, muscle loads were recorded with surface electromyography, and psychophysical stresses were assessed with subjective responses. Fifty-nine percent of the participants reported greater than moderate discomfort in their taskdominant upper extremity. Job performance required an average range of motion of 44º, 21º, and 52º in flexion/extension, radial/ulnar deviations, and pronation/supination respectively. It also required an average of 9% maximum voluntary contraction force and was repeated an average of 34 times/min. This repetitive exertion over an 8-h shift was deemed to be a significant risk factor associated with prevalent upper extremity morbidity.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 1; 87-97
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction of Duration Limited Exposure for Participants Wearing Chemical Protective Clothing in the Cold
Autorzy:
Rissanen, S.
Rintamaki, H.
Holder, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
IREQ
cold strain
heat storage
thermal sensation
magazynowanie ciepła
odzież zabezpieczająca przed zimnem
odzież ochronna cieplna
Opis:
The suitability of the IREQ (insulation required) index for predicting the thermal responses of 6 participants wearing chemical protective clothing was tested during exercise at -20 and -25 °C. IREQ was used to calculate duration limited exposure (DLE). Measured DLE correlated (r= .899, p < .001) with the predicted DLE. In exposures exceeding 40 min, however, the predicted DLE tended to be 10-20 min too short compared to the measured one. During short exposures the prediction was 5-20 min too long. The results show that IREQ overestimated the cold strain in participants wearing chemical protective clothing during cold exposures longer than 40 min. Nevertheless, predicted DLE never exceeded measured times and thus the prediction was always safe from the occupational point of view.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 4; 451-461
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Relationship Between Shift Work Schedules and Spillover in a Sample of Nurses
Autorzy:
Kunst, J. R.
Lrset, G. K.
Hosry, D.
Bjorvatn, B.
Moen, B. E.
Magerry, N.
Pallesen, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
work–family spillover
nurse
strain
stress
rotating shift
shift work
personel pielęgniarski
stres
praca zmianowa
obciążenie
Opis:
The aim of the present study was to estimate spillover effects between the work and the family sphere in a sample of nurses (N = 2058). Hierarchical regression analyses investigated whether shift work schedules were associated with negative or positive spillover, both from family to work and vice versa, controlling for demographic factors, job demands and decision latitude. With daytime work as a reference group, all types of shift work (day and evening shift, night shift only and rotating 3 shift) were associated with higher negative work–to–family spillover.Night work was associated with significantly less negative family–to–work spillover. None of the different shift work schedules were related to any type of positive spillover. The results indicate that working outside of daytime hours is less compatible with workers’ family lives, compared to working ordinary day shifts. On the other hand, working night shifts only was associated with reduced negative family–to–work spillover.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 139-147
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological Evaluation of Chemical Protective Suit Systems (CPSS) in Hot Conditions
Autorzy:
Ilmarinen, R.
Lindholm, H.
Koivistoinen, K.
Helisten, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90435.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
chemical protective suit
hot conditions
physiological strain
odzież ochronna
substancje szkodliwe
straż pożarna
zagrożenia chemiczne
stres
ratownictwo
Opis:
This job-related experiment investigated physiological strain in subjects wearing impermeable chemical protective suit systems (CPSSs) weighing about 28 kg. Two types of CPSSs were studied: the self-contained breathing apparatus was carried either inside or outside the suit. Eight healthy and physically fit male firefighter instructors aged 32 to 45 years volunteered for the study. The test drill, performed at a dry, windless ta of 40 °C, was divided into 2 consecutive work sessions of 14.5 min (a 20-min rest between) including typical operational work tasks. Considerable thermal and maximal cardiovascular strain and intense subjective discomfort measured in the firefighters emphasize the need to limit working time in hot conditions to only 10-12 min while wearing CPSSs. The present results indicate that the exceptionally heavy physical load and psychological stress during operations in chemical emergencies must be considered in the assessment of the cardiovascular capacity of ageing firefighters using CPSSs.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 3; 215-226
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of an Ergonomic Intervention on Musculoskeletal, Psychosocial and Visual Strain of VDT Data Entry Work: The United States Part of the International Study
Autorzy:
Dainoff, M. J.
Cohen, B. G. F.
Dainoff, M. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomic interventions
VDTs
office ergonomics
musculoskeletal disorders
visual strain
ergonomia
warunki pracy
praca biurowa
choroby narządów ruchu
stres
zagrożenie zdrowia
Opis:
The United States MEPS (musculoskeletal-eyestrain-psychosocial-stress) study consisted of 1 group of 28 female data entry operators. The intervention was in 3 parts: workstation redesign (including advanced ergonomic chairs, motorized adjustable workstations, advanced adjustable keyboards, adjustable copyholders, adjustable footrests, monitor support surfaces) and ergonomic training/coaching and corrective lenses. After the intervention, statistically significant reductions in physical signs (trigger points, neck and shoulder mobility), subjective reports of intensity and frequency of musculoskeletal pain, and subjective reports of visual problems were observed. Static load during the work sample, as assessed by experts, improved after the intervention as did measured postural angles of head and trunk and subjective assessment of users of ergonomic characteristics of the workplaces. For all of these measures, improvements observed 1 month after intervention were also observed in the 1-year follow-up. Trapezius load, as assessed by electromyography (EMG), decreased after intervention, but then increased in the follow-up. The increase was interpreted as a calibration problem.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 1; 49-63
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison Between the Strain Indicator HRV of a Head-Based Virtual Retinal Display and LC-Head Mounted Displays for Augmented Reality
Autorzy:
Oehme, O.
Schmidt, L.
Luczak, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90667.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
virtual retinal display
heart rate variability
workload
strain
augmented reality
stres
komputer
obciążenie pracą umysłową
zagrożenia zdrowia
praca przy komputerze
Opis:
Augmented Reality uses Head Mounted Displays (HMD) to overlay the real word with additional virtual information. Virtual Retinal Displays (VRD), a new display technology, no longer requires Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). VRD technology addresses the retina directly with a single laser stream of pixels. There are no studies on the user’s informational strain in this new VRD technology. Various papers have shown that Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a valid indicator for the user’s informational strain. An empirical test revealed no difference in the user’s HRV between VRD technology and LCD technology. Consequently, there seems to be a comparable user informational strain regarding the display types.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 419-430
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomics in Practice: Physical Workload and Heat Stress in Thailand
Autorzy:
Yoopat, P.
Toicharoen, P.
Glinsukon, T.
Vanwonterghem, K.
Louhevaara, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
heat stress
physiological strain
ciepło
Tajlandia
ergonomia
obciążenie pracą umysłową
stres
praca w wysokiej temperaturze
fizjologia pracy
warunki pracy
Opis:
This study consists of assessments of the thermal environment and physiological strain in tasks associated with airport, construction, and metal jobs. The number of male and female participants was 108. Environmental heat stress was evaluated with the WBGT index. Physiological strain was evaluated by the relative cardiovascular load (%CVL) based on the measurements of heart rate. Also the increase of body temperature, weight loss, and perceived discomfort were determinated. At work sites the assessments lasted for 2 to 4 hrs for each participant. The mean physiological strain exceeded the level of 30%CVL. Severe peaks (over 60%CVL) were observed in specific tasks being in agreement with perceived discomfort ratings. The increase of body temperature and weight loss in most cases remained within acceptable limits. For the most strenuous tasks, various ergonomic improvements were developed in consultation with workers and managers.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 1; 83-93
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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