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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Low Back Pain Risks in a Beef Skinning Operation
    Autorzy:
    Das, B.
    Sengupta, A. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89837.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    biomechanical analysis
    ergonomic analysis
    posture analysis
    meat processing
    ból pleców
    analiza biomechaniczna
    analiza ergonomiczna
    postawa
    Opis:
    The low back pain risks in a beef skinning operation at a high stand kill floor workstation was evaluated. The increases in compressive forces at lower back (L5/S1) between normal slump (back angle 25°, measured in the sagittal plane) and severe (45°) and between normal slump and very severe (70°) bent back postures were 387 N or 28% and 616 N or 45%, respectively. The high spine load coupled with high level of repetition can have a high probability of fatigue failure in the spine structural members. Non-neutral back posture for a large portion of the total work time can be a low back pain risk factor. The videotape analysis showed that the times involved during the task performance for the bent back (more than 25°) and severe bent back (more than 45°) were 48.4 and 33.5% of the total cycle time, respectively. The upper limit from OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System) for bent back posture is 30% of the total cycle time. The bent and twisted back posture (both more than 25°) time was 10.4% compared to OWAS limit of 5%. This indicated that actions are needed in the near future to alleviate the risk of low back pain. Ergonomics redesign of the workstation was recommended for the operation.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 3; 347-361
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational, Personal and Psychosocial Resources for Preventing Persistent Low Back Pain
    Autorzy:
    Melloh, M.
    Salathe, C. R.
    Elfering, A.
    Kaser, A.
    Barz, T.
    Aghayev, E.
    Roder, C.
    Theis, J. C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90429.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational
    health outcomes
    low back pain
    predictors
    prognosis
    prospective cohort study
    badania naukowe
    nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    profilaktyka
    czynnik ludzki
    czynniki psychospołeczne
    czynniki zawodowe
    czynniki personalne
    Opis:
    The aim of this prospective cohort study was to identify modifiable protective factors of the progression of acute/subacute low back pain (LBP) to the persistent state at an early stage to reduce the socioeconomic burden of persistent LBP. Patients attending a health practitioner for acute/subacute LBP were assessed at baseline addressing occupational, personal and psychosocial factors, and followed up over 12 weeks. Pearson correlations were calculated between these baseline factors and the presence of nonpersistent LBP at 12-week follow-up. For those factors found to be significant, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The final 3-predictor model included job satisfaction, mental health and social support. The accuracy of the model was 72%, with 81% of nonpersistent and 60% of persistent LBP patients correctly identified. Further research is necessary to confirm the role of different types of social support regarding their prognostic influence on the development of persistent LBP.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 29-40
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of Manual Handling, Posture, and Whole Body Vibrations on Low-Back Pain
    Autorzy:
    Meyer, J. P.
    Flenghi, D.
    Deschamps, J. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952749.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    occupation
    whole body vibration
    posture
    manual handling
    ból pleców
    postura
    stres zawodowy
    Opis:
    To determine the effect of occupational stress on low-back pain (LBP), a cross-sectional study has been carried out, by interviews, on workers exposed to 3 stresses: manual handling (MH, 82 women and 264 men), whole body vibrations (WBV, 274 men), and static postures (278 women). Anthropometric data, occupational stress, LBP severity and frequency, and a psychological evaluation of these groups were compared to those of a control population of 208 workers (104 men and 104 women). The results show that 30% of the population had never suffered from LBP. Age and the body mass index of the workers were the parameters most closely associated with LBP. Women involved in MH had higher frequency and severity of LBP than their reference population. Men involved in MH or exposed to WBV had higher frequency of painful episodes than their reference population. Workers exposed to one of the stresses were on sick leave for LBP more often, and for longer periods, than workers in the reference group. The results show that individual factors are often decisive in the onset of LBP. Nevertheless, in the more serious LBP cases, occupational stress is an aggravating factor for LBP and its consequences.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 4; 449-470
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Low Back Pain Among Residential Carpenters: Ergonomic Evaluation Using OWAS and 2D Compression Estimation
    Autorzy:
    Gilkey, D. P.
    Keefe, T. J.
    Bigelow, P. L.
    Herron, R. E.
    Duvall, K.
    Hautaluoma, J. E.
    Rosecrance, J. S.
    Sesek, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90156.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    prevalence
    lumbar compression
    ergonomic factors
    Opis:
    Occupational low back pain (LBP) remains a leading safety and health challenge. This cross-sectional investigation measured the prevalence of LBP in residential carpenters and investigated ergonomic risk factors. Ninety-four carpenters were investigated for LBP presence and associated risk factors. Ten representative job-tasks were evaluated using the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and ErgoMaster™ 2D software to measure elements of posture, stress, and risk. Job-tasks were found to differ significantly for total lumbar compression and shear at peak loading (p < .001), ranging from 2 956 to 8 606 N and 802 to 1 974 N respectively. OWAS indicated that slight risk for injury was found in 10 job-tasks while distinct risk was found in 7 of the 10 job-tasks. Seven of the 10 job-tasks exceeded the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) action limit of 3 400 N for low back loading. The point prevalence for LBP was 14% while the annual prevalence was 38%.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2007, 13, 3; 305-321
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Low Back Muscle Activity in an Automobile Seat with a Lumbar Massage System
    Autorzy:
    Kolich, M.
    Taboun, S. M.
    Mohamed, A. I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90384.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    automotive seating
    electromyography
    low back pain
    ból pleców
    elektromiografia
    masaż
    Opis:
    This investigation was conducted to determine the effects of a massaging lumbar support system on low back muscle activity. The apparatus included a luxury-level automobile seat, six 10-mm diameter bipolar surface electrodes, an amplifier, an anaiog-to-digital conversion board, data acquisition software, and a personal computer. Six experimental conditions, each involving a variation of massage time, were considered. The dependent variable was the change in the root mean square variation of the EMG signal. One minute of lumbar massage every 5 min was found to have a beneficial effect on low back muscle activity (as compared to no massage). This may prove to be an extremely important result in the quest to combat low back pain attributable to automobile seating.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 1; 113-128
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Ergonomics Approach Model to Prevention of Occupational Musculoskeletal Injuries
    Autorzy:
    Koltan, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90323.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    ergonomic design
    heavy lifting
    stacking
    musculosceletal injury
    organizational stress
    Opis:
    The objective of this study was to prevent occupational musculoskeletal injuries. Our workers stacked boxes of ceramics weighing 10–27 kg, making low back pain common in our enterprise. In all the stacking stations, recommended weight limits (RWL) were separately calculated using the revised National Institute for Occupational Health lifting equation. Since the boxes weighed significantly more than the RWL, we developed a new ergonomic design that completely changed the stacking process. The load put on the workers’ waist vertebrae in the new and the old stacking methods was compared to evaluate the success of the new ergonomic design, using Newton’s third law of motion. Thanks to the new ergonomic design, the load on the workers’ vertebrae decreased by 80%. Due to its simple technology and its very low cost compared to robots, the new ergonomic design can be commonly used in enterprises with repeated and constraining stacking.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 1; 113-124
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ergonomia pracy a schorzenia narządu ruchu wśród lekarzy stomatologów
    Ergonomics of work and movement disorders among dentists
    Autorzy:
    Kuciel, N.
    Demczyszak, I.
    Sutkowska, E.
    Sokołowski, M.
    Mazurek, J.
    Kaczmarz, K.
    Lurbiecki, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/179163.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomia
    stomatologia
    schorzenia kostno-szkieletowe
    ból dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa
    ergonomics
    dentistry
    musculoskeletal disorders
    lower back pain
    Opis:
    Stomatolodzy w trakcie pracy narażeni są na wiele czynników wpływających negatywnie na stan układu ruchu. Głównym z nich jest statyczny charakter pracy spowodowany przyjmowaniem wymuszonej pozycji ciała. Celem artykułu było wykazanie zależności pomiędzy stosowaniem zasad ergonomii w pracy zawodowej lekarzy stomatologów, a występowaniem schorzeń narządu ruchu. Ponadto ocenie poddano znajomość zasad ergonomii stomatologicznej w tej grupie. Na podstawie badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród 79 stomatologów dokonano oceny znajomości i stosowania zasad ergonomii pracy oraz występowania dolegliwości w obrębie narządu ruchu. Jedynie 4% stomatologów robiło przerwę w pracy po każdym pacjencie, natomiast aż 18% pracowało bez przerw. Zdecydowana większość (84%) stomatologów podczas wykonywania zabiegu stomatologicznego przyjmowała pozycje siedzącą. Z asystą pracowała ponad połowa (54%) lekarzy stomatologów. Wśród osób, które odczuwają ból kręgosłupa w odcinku szyjnym ponad połowa, bo 54% osób pracowało w pozycji z szyją pochyloną w prawo. Większość zasad ergonomii stosowana jest nieprawidłowo, dlatego powinny być one dopasowywane indywidualnie do konkretnego stomatologa, z uwzględnieniem jego możliwości fizycznych, geometrii środowiska pracy, zakresu wykonywanych czynności, a także osobistych upodobań.
    Dentists in the workplace are exposed to a number of factors that affect the condition of the movement system. The main problem seams to be the static nature of work due to the adoption of forced body position. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between the use of ergonomics principles in the professional work of dentists and the occurrence of motor disorders. In addition, knowledge of the principles of dental ergonomics in this group was assessed. The study was conducted among 79 dentists. The knowledge and application of the principles of ergonomics and the occurrence of ailments within the motor system were evaluated. Only 4% of dentists were taking a break from work after each patient, while 18% were working without interruption. The vast majority (84%) of dentists, while performing dental surgery took a sitting position. More than half (54%) of dentists who participated in the study worked with assistants. Among people who experience pain in the cervical spine 54% of people work in the position with neck inclined to the right. Most principles of ergonomics are not correct, so they should be adjusted individually to a particular dentist taking in to account its physical capabilities, the geometry of the work environment, the range of activities performed, and personal preferences as well.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2018, 9; 22-26
    0137-7043
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effects of Experience and the Presence of a Scaffold Handrail on Postural and Spinal Stability in Construction Workers
    Autorzy:
    Min, S. N.
    Kim, J. Y.
    Parnianpour, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91154.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    fall
    low back pain
    postural stability
    lumbar stability
    construction
    injury
    ból pleców
    stabilność postawy
    pracownicy budowlani
    rusztowanie budowlane
    Opis:
    The goal of this study was to quantify the effect of experience and handrail presence on trunk muscle activities, rotational spinal stiffness and postural stability of construction workers. We evaluated spinal stability, and objective and subjective postural stability in 4 expert and 4 novice construction workers who were performing a manual task in a standing position on a scaffold, with and without a safety handrail. Center of pressure was computed using measurements taken with insole pressure transducers. Muscle activity was monitored usingsurface electrodes placed on 8 trunk muscles that predicted active trunk rotational stiffness. Standard deviations of the center of pressure, back muscle activity and spinal stiffness were greater in novices and in the absence of a handrail. We infer that the risk of a fall due to postural and spinal instability may be greater with a lower level of experience and in the absence of a safety handrail.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 491-502
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combined Effects of Physical Demands and Shift Working on Low Back Disorders Among Nursing Personnel
    Autorzy:
    Raeisi, S.
    Namvar, M.
    Golabadi, M.
    Attarchi, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    nurses
    musculoskeletal pain
    shift work
    personel pielęgniarski
    nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
    choroby narządów ruchu
    praca zmianowa
    obciążenie fizyczne
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders (LBDs) among nursing personnel. The study used 2 questionnaires: a self-administered questionnaire composed of parts of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire to assess LBDs and job content questionnaire to assess physical demands. The participants were divided into 4 groups: from group 1 (low physical demands day workers) to group 4 (high physical demands shift workers). In regression analysis, high physical demands were associated with the prevalence of LBDs independently (OR 4.4, 95% CI [2.40, 8.00] and p < .05), but there was no association between shift working and LBDs (p > .05). Odds ratio in high physical demands shift workers was 9.33 compared to the reference group (p < .001). Calculated synergistic index was 7.37. Simultaneous impacts of shift working and high physical demands may increase the prevalence of LBDs among nursing personnel.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 159-166
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Comparative Ergonomics Postural Assessment of Potters and Sculptors in the Unorganized Sector in West Bengal, India
    Autorzy:
    Sahu, S.
    Moitra, S.
    Maity, S.
    Pandit, A. K.
    Roy, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89972.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics
    posture
    musculoskeletal disorders
    low back pain
    REBA
    RULA
    ergonomia
    pozycja przy pracy
    choroby narządów ruchu
    nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
    Opis:
    Potters and sculptors perform their work in very awkward postures. The purpose of this study was to analyse these postures. The modified Nordic questionnaire was used to analyse musculoskeletal discomfort. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used to evaluate the subjects' postures. There were no significant differences between times of discomfort and the group of subjects. However, there were significant differences in discomfort in different body parts. The analysis indicated that various body postures were harmful to the subjects and that there were profound deviations from natural curvature of various body parts due to awkward body postures. Ergonomics intervention was required to improve the quality of life.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 455-462
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders at Workplaces in the Peoples Republic of China
    Autorzy:
    Bao, S.
    Winkel, J.
    Shahnavaz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90895.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics
    epidemiology
    cross-sectional study
    low back pain
    shoulder-neck disorders
    developing countries
    assembly workers
    ergonomia
    epidemiologia
    ból pleców
    kraje rozwijające się
    Opis:
    This paper presents 2 musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire surveys in 10 different Chinese occupational groups. Data collected from 1,603 workers using a modified Nordic musculoskeletal disorders symptom questionnaire showed that the 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the low back and shoulder-neck regions, was high at many Chinese workplaces. Significant differences existed between occupational groups. Assembly workers usually had higher neck-shoulder complaints compared to workers in most other occupations. However, the nature of assembly seemed also to influence the prevalence rate. Workers at a cassette recorder and a TV set assembly plant appeared to have more neck complaints compared with a group of thermos flask assemblers.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 4; 557-574
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Korean Hospital Nurses
    Autorzy:
    Smith, D. R.
    Choe, M. A.
    Jeon, M. Y.
    Chae, Y. R.
    An, G. J.
    Jeong, J. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    musculoskeletal symptoms
    nurse
    Korea
    low back pain
    epidemiology
    kręgosłup
    warunki pracy
    ból mięśniowy
    personel pielęgniarski
    personel pomocniczy służby zdrowia
    szpitale
    choroby narządów ruchu
    wypalenie zawodowe
    zmęczenie nerwowe
    Opis:
    We investigated the epidemiology of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among a complete cross-section of 330 nurses from a large Korean hospital, by means of a questionnaire survey (response rate: 97.9%). The prevalence of MSS at any body site was 93.6%, with symptoms most commonly reported at the shoulder (74.5%), lower back (72.4%), neck (62.7%), lower legs (52.1%) and hand/wrist (46.7%). Logistic regression indicated that nurses who undertook manual handling of patients were 7.2 times as likely to report MSS (OR 7.2, 95%CI 1.2–42.3, P = .0275), while nurses suffering from periodic depression experienced a 3.3-fold MSS risk (OR 3.3, 95%CI 1.3–8.3, P = .0104). Overall, our study suggests that Korean nurses incur a very high MSS burden when compared internationally. A greater commitment is needed to improve physical conditions, occupational tasks and psychosocial work issues among nurses in this country.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 431-440
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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