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Wyszukujesz frazę "Choice" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
The problem of indifference and homogeneity in Austrian economics: Nozick’s challenge revisited
Autorzy:
Wysocki, Igor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943090.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
indifference
choice
homogeneity
Nozick's challenge
Opis:
The pivotal point in the Austrian literature on homogeneity, choice and indifference was constituted by Nozick’s On Austrian Methodology. Nozick provoked a long debate on the above notions within Austrianism. The aim of this paper is to elaborate such an account of homogeneity that would take the sting out of Nozick’s challenge and allow for non-trivial formulation of the law of diminishing marginal utility. Hence, we shall first take a closer look at the debate on indifference within the Austrian camp, while defending and building upon the Hoppean account vis-à-vis Block’s criticism. Our justification of the Hoppean position shall consist in showing that his account of the correct description of an action is not an ad hoc move aimed at solving just one problem of indifference but is highly intuitive and widely applicable. We conclude by restating the above-mentioned law, thus demonstrating that the Nozickian objection can be successfully replied.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 71; 9-44
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola aksjomatu w matematyce współczesnej oraz w perspektywie dociekań nad aksjomatem wyboru
The role of axioms in contemporary mathematics in the view of investigations on axiom of choice
Autorzy:
Lewandowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
axiomatization
axioms
axiom of choice
continuum hypothesis
Opis:
We show how philosophy effected the shape of mathematics when the proof of Well-Ordering Principle was formulated by Ernst Zermelo. We also consider the significance of philosophy of mathematics today. We concentrate on Solomon Feferman and Penelope Maddy attitude in the recent debate on the need of new axioms in mathematics.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2011, 48; 148-165
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aksjomat multiplikatywny Russela
Russells Multiplicative Axiom
Autorzy:
Lewandowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691286.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of mathematics
multiplicative axiom
axiom of choice
Bertrand Russell
Opis:
We present the history of two parallel (and equivalent) discoveries: the axiom of choice and the multiplicative axiom. Firstly, we consider the origins of the formulation of the multiplicative axiom. Next, we concentrate on Russell’s attitude towards the role of this axiom, which is closely related to his philosophy of mathematics. We also highlight some differences between Russell’s and Zermelo’s propositions.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 50; 152-166
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Can we remain rational in the large world? On some unexpected consequences of ecological rationality
Autorzy:
Gorazda, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
rationality
rational choice theory
ecological rationality
inclusive fitness
decision theory
Opis:
The paper outlines various concepts of rationality, their characteristics and consequences. In the first, most general part, the metaphysical, instrumental and discursive rationality is distinguished. The following part focuses on instrumental rationality and the rational choice theory and ordinal and cardinal utility, expected utility and game theory, respectively. All those concepts are summarised as being the most mathematically elegant and mostly decidable and helpful in the decision-making process. Giving primacy to individual preferences and withholding the judgment on their “objective” value, they are also devoid of double standards. They are, however, strongly normative and weakly coincide with actual agents’ behaviour. Empirical findings on agents’ decision making seem to demonstrate their irrationality, unless we introduce into the analysis different concepts of rationality, namely based on costs efficient heuristics, inclusive fitness and ecological rationality. They are discussed respectively, and although they seem better to explain the set of humans’ seemingly irrational behaviour, they are likely week in predicting that behaviour. They are also losing their normative dimension and thus cease to be helpful in decision making. Applying the particular theory of rationality, either descriptively or normatively, seems to depend strongly on the environment, which can be characterised by its extension from a small to a large world. The more the small world’s features an environment reveals, the more effective is the application of the particular model of rationality. Beyond the small worlds, rule stochasticity, underspecification and misspecification and the only reasonable method are consecutive trials and errors, which eventually may reduce the large world to the small one.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 71; 75-105
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aksjomat wyboru w pracach Wacława Sierpińskiego
The axiom of choice in the papers of Wacław Sierpiński
Autorzy:
Lewandowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
axiom of choice
philosophy of mathematics
set theory
cardinality
mathematical analysis
Opis:
This paper presents Wacław Sierpiński – the first advocate of the axiom of choice. We focus on the philosophical and mathematical topics related to the axiom of choice which were considered by Sierpiński. We analyze some of his papers to show how his results effected the debate over Zermelo’s axiom. Sierpiński’s impact on this discussion is of particular importance since he was the first who tried to explore consequences of the axiom of choice thoroughly and asserted its undoubted significance to mathematics as a whole.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2013, 52; 9-33
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Internal” Problems of Normative Theories of Thinking and Reasoning
Autorzy:
Urbańczyk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
normative theories of thinking and reasoning
logic
probability
theory
rational choice theory
Opis:
This paper provides moderate criticism of so-called normative theories of thinking and reasoning. The discussion focuses on the problems of idealization, adequacy, inconsistent yet non-trivial logics, logical omniscience etc. I called them “internal” to the normative approach, because they stem from the very properties of formal systems used to model these two human activities. Some arguments, however, refer to the current theories in cognitive science, including those which are developed within “descriptive” framework.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2016, 60; 35-52
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Filozofia matematyki Wacława Sierpińskiego
Sierpiński’s Philosophy of Mathematics
Autorzy:
Lewandowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
Wacław Sierpiński
philosophy of mathematics
Axiom of Choice
the concept of correspondence
Opis:
The main aim of the paper was to draw attention to Wacław Sierpiński as not only a great mathematician but also a philosopher. We undertook the attempt of reconstruction of Sierpiński’s philosophy. To aim this goal we mainly based ourselves on Sierpiński’s habilitation lecture entitled The concept of correspondence in mathematics. The complementation of Sierpiński’s philosophical views were conclusions from his mathematical achievements, his scheme of research on The Axiom of Choice, and his attitude to this axiom.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2016, 60; 53-81
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What are the limits of mathematical explanation? Interview with Charles McCarty by Piotr Urbańczyk
Autorzy:
McCarty, David Charles
Urbańczyk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691211.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
mathematics
logic
mathematical explanation
limits of explanation
mathematical proof
proof-core
intuitionism
constructivsim
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems
intuitionistics mathematics
classical mathematics
Axiom of Choice
Opis:
An interview with Charles McCarty by Piotr Urbańczyk concerning  mathematical explanation.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2016, 60; 119-137
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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