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    Tytuł:
    Konstanty Janicki: uczony, nauczyciel, odkrywca
    KONSTANTY JANICKI: SCIENTIST, UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR, DISCOVERER
    Autorzy:
    Kuźnicki, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146408.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    odkrycia naukowe
    pracownicy naukowi
    parazytologia
    biografie
    Janicki Konstanty biografia
    zoologia
    nauczyciele akademiccy
    Opis:
    Konstanty Janicki born in Moscow (1876) lived in Warsaw up to graduation from high school (1893). Then he emigrated to the Western Europe for the next 25 years. Janicki had studied and curried out scientific researches in the field of helminthology and protozoology at universities and institutes in Germany, Switzerland and Italy. In 1918 Poland reagained independence and Konstanty Janicki returned from abroad to Warsaw. He was nominated as a professor and chairman of the Department of Systematic and Morphological Zoology at the Warsaw University. In helminthology Janicki was a world wide known discoverer of the life cycles Diphyllobothrium latum and Amphilina foliacea. In the protozoology the most important are the studies on the Metamonadina and Paramoeba (Janickina). During period 1919-1932 Janicki was surrounded by numerous students. Some completed Ph.D. under his guidance. He was main founder of the parasitology, protozoology and hydrobiology in the first half of the XX century in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2005, 51, 4; 325-332
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Znaczenie teorii cerkomeru Janickiego dla rozwoju badań nad systematyką i ewolucją płazińców
    THE INFLUENCE OF JANICKI CERCOMER THEORY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLATYHELMINTHES SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION INVESTIGATIONS
    Autorzy:
    Pojmańska, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146410.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    rozwoj nauki
    cerkomer
    ewolucja
    systematyka
    Janicki Konstanty
    plazince
    Opis:
    The aim of this article was to present the development of ideas about the provenience of parasitic helminths and the phylogenetical relationships within this taxon, since the publication of the "cercomer theory" just to nowadays. The following essentials of the Janicki theory are outlined: main differences between free-living Turbellaria and parasitic platyhelminths (ciliated epithelium in Turbellaria versus unciliated surface in the others); universality of the cercomer presence in Monogenea, Digenea and Cestoda; evolutionary changes in the morphology and function of the cercomer; homology of the caudal appendices of all parasitic helminths; the subsequent evolution of parasitic platyhelminthes from the ancestor to Monogena, Digenea and Cestoda; proposition to establish a new common taxon — Cercomerophora — for these three groups. In this background the evolution of evolutionary ideas is reviewed, divided into two periods: up to the eighties of the XX century, and up to date. The first period can be characterised by the criticism of some points of the "cercomer theory" and formulation of some new hypotheses; these are those of Fuhrmann, Bychovsky, Llewellyn, Price and Malmberg, which: questioned the homology of the cercarial tail with the caudal appendices of Monogenea and Cestoda; rejected Digenea from the common group; established the common taxon — Cercomeromorpha — comprising only Monogenea and Cestoda; opposed the idea of radial evolution of three main groups of Platyhelmithes (Turbellaria, Digenea and Cercomeromorpha) to the idea of subsequent evolution presented by Janicki. The differences between these last hypotheses are also underlined, arising mainly from the different ideas on the importance of particular features as the evolutionary indicators of affinities between and within the taxons. As to the hypotheses dealing with the evolution of particular groups of parasitic platyhelminths formulated at the same period, the publications of Freeman and Jarecka (Cestoda), Heynemann, Ginetsinskaja, Pearson, Cable, Rhode and Gibson (Trematoda), Bychovsky, Lambert and Malmberg (Monogenea) are referred, with special emphasises on the differences in the ideas presented by their authors. In the second period two points are underlined: a dynamic development of new techniques and methods (including molecular investigations) allowing to gather more and more different data on the parasites, and, as a consequence of this phenomenon, a new approach to the evolutionary problems — the birth of numeric and phylogenetic systematics. In this period "the cercomer theory", as well as supporting the group Cercomeromorphae generally are not accepted (exception: Brooks et al.). In contrast, the new taxon — Neodermata has been created by Ehlers. The importance of this publication for further evolutionary study is stressed. In this background some publications are quoted, especially those, presenting the results of searching for monophyletic groups and joining them in hieratic kladograms (Brooks and al., Rohde at al., Littlewood at al., and the others). It is stated, that in spite of some differences in the kladograms builded by various authors (resulting mainly from the set of features being analysed) the monophyly of big taxons of Neodermata (Trematoda, Monogenea, Cestoda) is fairly well documented. In conclusion several points connected with the "cercomer theory" are emphasized. It is now obvious, that the base of this theory — homology of caudal appendices of Janicki’s Cercomerophora has to be rejected, as well as his concept of subsequent evolution of Platyhelminthes. But the base of his joining of Monogena, Trematoda (in his theory — Digenea) and Cestoda in one group (lack of cilia on the body surface), opposite to the Turbellaria (ciliary ephitelium) is maintained by the creation of Neodermata, undoubtedly documented better and in a different way. Also his idea (after many years of rejecting) on close affinity of Digenea and Cestoda seems to have returned due to the study of Lockyer at al., who write: "Among the Neodermata, the Cercomeromorphae (Cestoda + Monogenea) was not supported, whereas Cestoda + Trematoda was supported".
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2005, 51, 4; 345-358
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ odkryć Profesora Konstantego Janickiego na dalszy rozwój protistologii
    INFLUENCE OF PROFESSOR KONSTANTY JANICKIS DISCOVERIES ON PROGRESS IN PROTISTOLOGY.
    Autorzy:
    Kazubski, S. L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146409.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    rozwoj nauki
    odkrycia naukowe
    pracownicy naukowi
    Protista
    parazytologia
    protistologia
    Janicki Konstanty
    Opis:
    Professor Konstanty Janicki published 11 protozoological papers. They concern the flagellate parasites of cockroaches and termites, as well as the amebas parasitising cockroaches and chaetognaths. He described the morphology and cytology of 12 species of flagellates, including 4 new species and genera. Three new species parasitising termites belong to the Parabasalia, one — Oxymonas granulosa, without the Golgi apparatus, initiated a new group of protista, the Oxymonadida Grassć, 1952. Konstanty Janicki also examined some important questions dealing with protozoology such as: (1) Karyomastigont. Janicki analysed the connection of the cell nucleus to the mastigont system in flagellates from termites and cockroaches. Also he described the replication of karyomastigonts of some species. This organelle plays an important part in the discussions on evolution of the lower Protista. (2) Parabasal apparatus. Janicki described the parabasal body in flagellates from cockroaches and termites, paying special attention to its peculiarities. This organelle was later named: ,,Janicki-type parabasal apparatus” and together with pleuromitosis became the main characters of an independent group of protista — Parabasalia. (3) Parasome. Konstanty Janicki also studied the enigmatic body (parasome, Nebenkórper), near the cell nucleus and staining like it, in amebas from the genus Paramoeba. He described this body dividing. After TEM investigation of Janickina (=Paramoeba) pigmentifera, this body is presently recognized as an endosymbiotic flagellate. Summing up, it may be stated that all findings of Professor Konstanty Janicki were the object of further investigations and occupy an important place in protistology.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2005, 51, 4; 333-343
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Historia odkrycia i opisania cyklu rozwojowego Diphyllobothrium latum L.
    THE INFLUENCE OF JANICKI CERCOMER THEORY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLATYHELMINTHES SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION INVESTIGATIONS.
    Autorzy:
    Guttowa, A.
    Moskwa, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146411.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    cykl rozwojowy
    odkrycia naukowe
    bruzdoglowiec szeroki
    pasozyty
    Janicki Konstanty
    Diphyllobothrium latum
    Opis:
    Diphyllobothrium latum typically occur in the subarctic and temperature zones of the Eurasian Continent, however it is also observed in the Arctic Region and Australia. Raw fish meat and raw shell-fish containing plerocercoids is the main source of human infections. Humans are the principial final host of D. /atum. Under primitive conditions human excrements with immature tapeworm eggs are deposited anywhere. After embrionic development which occurs in the water, the eggs are transformed into coracidia. Two intermediate hosts (cyclop and fish) are needed for further development. The free-swimming coracidium must enter the stomach of different species of Copepoda. After contact with the intestinal juice of the cyclop, the coracidium loses its ciliated envelope and the hooks become mobile. The metamorphosis of the oncosphere to the procercoid occurs. The discovery of the procercoid done by Janicki and Rosen in 1917 implied that the missing link in the cycle of the broad tapeworm had been found. The copepod including the procercoid is consumed by the second intermediate host. The larvae escape from the digestive tract of the fish and are transformed into a plerocercoid. The plerocercoids develop slowly in the fish, and they must reach a certain degree of maturity to be capable of infecting the final host. Today the life cycle of the tapeworm is well recognized and well illustrated in parasitological textbooks and websites. In this paper the history of the exploration of the D. latum life cycle is described. Additionally the main scientific researches carried out on life stages of the broad tapeworm have been reviewed.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2005, 51, 4; 359-364
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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