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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wad drewna wielkowymiarowego na przychody z jego sprzedaży
    Effect of defects on income from the sales of large dimension timber
    Autorzy:
    Szramka, H.
    Bieniaszewski, T.
    Auguścik, L.
    Bobek, J.
    Adamowicz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    ekonomika lesnictwa
    surowce drzewne
    obnizenie jakosci
    drewno wielkowymiarowe
    wady drewna
    drewno
    sprzedaz
    przychody
    Nadlesnictwo Zaporowo
    forest stands
    health
    timber
    wood defects
    forest economics
    Opis:
    Harvested timber has many various wood defects. Analyses were carried out on material collected in Zaporowo Forest District (northern Poland). Results show that various defects were found in 35% of harvested timber on average. The share of timber with defects varied among individual species (pine – 44%, spruce – 22%, oak – 14%, birch – 9%, beech – 5%, lime and larch – 2% each, hornbeam and alder – 1% each). The individual wood defects appeared in harvested timber with following frequency: knots – 55%, knobs – 22%, foreign bodies – 7%, curvature – 5%, inner rot – 5%, galls – 2%, blue stain – 1%, insect holes – 1%, false heartwood – 1%, and cracks – 1%. Timber defects resulted in reduction of income from the sales. A decrease in income caused by various defects amounted from 0.07 PLN/m3 for brown sap stain to 68.83 PLN/m3 for knots. The greatest effect of wood defects on the reduction of income from sales was recorded for oak timber (518.30 PLN/m3), while the smallest for aspen (4.63 PLN/m3). Due to the fact that in almost all analysed tree species the dominant effect on the reduction of income from timber sales was caused by knots (open knots and knobs) systematic solutions need to be found in order to reduce the effect of this defect. It is particularly important in the case of oak timber, where a decrease in income from timber sales connected with this defect was the greatest.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 03; 238-246
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hodowlane kryteria kwalifikowania drzewostanów do przebudowy
    The silvicultural criteria of qualifying for conversion
    Autorzy:
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018655.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    kryteria kwalifikacji
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    lesnictwo
    cele hodowlane
    conversion
    pine and spruce stands
    broadleaved forest habitats
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of research carried out by Polish and foreign scientists on the impact of pine and spruce stands on fertile forest habitats and formulates recommendations for the rationalisation of conversion operations in these stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 12; 27-32
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potrzeby przebudowy drzewostanów w Lasach Państwowych
    The needs related to the reconstruction of stands in the State Forests
    Autorzy:
    Czuba, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018668.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    przebudowa drzewostanow
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    lesnictwo
    forest management plan
    adjustment of stands to site conditions
    managed forest type
    complete stand
    conversion
    partial stand conversion
    Opis:
    The paper presents a division of the State Forests stands by the degree of adjustment of species composition of stands to site conditions. An assumption was made that the stands whose species composition is not adjusted to the occupied biotope should be urgently rebuilt, especially those featuring low stability.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 12; 33-38
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Warunki glebowe eutroficznych lasów jodłowych Beskidu Niskiego oraz Sądeckiego
    Soil conditions of eutrophic fir forest stands in Beskid Niski and Sadecki
    Autorzy:
    Lasota, J.
    Błońska, E.
    Zwydak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gory
    Beskid Niski
    Beskid Sadecki
    lasy jodlowe
    gleby lesne
    gleby eutroficzne
    wlasciwosci fizykochemiczne
    wlasciwosci chemiczne
    forest sites
    soil properties
    fir stands
    Opis:
    The paper presents the properties of soils of eutrophic fir forest stands in lower montane zone in Beskid Niski and Beskid Sądecki Mts. (southern Poland). Efforts were made to put some order in the issues related to the site system, in which the fir plays a dominant role. The study was conducted in 10 study sites reflecting the living conditions of eutrophic silver fir forest. On each plot the topography conditions were described, soil pit was done and samples for laboratory analysis were taken. We determined the following soil characteristics: pH, the content of C and N, particle size, the contents of Ca, Mg, Na and K, exchangeable acidity, aluminum content and hydrolityc acidity. Additionally, diameter at the breast height and height of firs were measured. Cambisols (Epidystric, Hyperdistric and Eutric) are soils typical for eutrophic fir forest stands. The study confirmed that the eutrophic fir forests occupy mainly moderately cool slopes: north, east and north−east. The eutrophic fir forests prefer the lower parts of the slopes or low hills. Eutrophic nature of the soil occupied by the fir forests confirms the quality of accumulated humus. The mull humus type was found the most frequently. Only in two cases moder humus type was noted. The advantageous properties of humus−mineral horizon reflects decomposition level of organic matter expressed as the proportion C/N (range from 11.2 to 19.1). Particle size of Cambisols of eutrophic fir forest stand was very diverse and was associated with the nature of the parent material. Fertility of the soils was reflected in the trophic soil index for mountain area (SIGg=30−37), which was confirmed by the high site index of these stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 09; 767-777
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charakterystyka roślinności runa kształtującej się pod drzewostanami daglezjowymi (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.) w lasach gospodarczych Republiki Czeskiej
    Characteristic of forest floor developed under Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands in commercial forest in Czech Republic
    Autorzy:
    Viewegh, J.
    Podrazsky, V.
    Matejka, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990015.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    daglezja zielona
    Pseudotsuga menziesii
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    drzewostany daglezjowe
    runo lesne
    roslinnosc
    zbiorowiska roslinne
    Republika Czeska
    douglas fir
    stands
    forest floor
    plant communities
    Opis:
    The aim of study was to characterize Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) commercial stands and their influence on the forest floor plant communities. Study plots were performed in different regions of the Czech Republic. In total 44 plots were arranged in older Douglas fir stands with well developed forest floor vegetation. For the comparison, the study plots were also established in Norway spruce and broad−leaved tree species (beech, linden, oak) stands. Compared to other studied species, the main effect of Douglas fir on plants was noted in higher share of nitrophilous species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 04; 277-284
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przestrzenne rozmieszczenie zimujących chrząszczy kornika drukarza (I. typographus L.) i kornika zrosłozębnego (I. duplicatus C. R. Sahlb.)
    Spatial distribution of hibernating adults of eight-toothed spruce bark beetle (I. typographus L.) and double-spined bark beetle (I. duplicatus C. R. Sahlb.)
    Autorzy:
    Onysko, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973843.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Ips duplicatus
    Ips typographus
    entomologia lesna
    kornik drukarz
    rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
    stadia rozwojowe
    zimowanie
    zimowiska
    kornik zrosłozębny
    leśnictwo
    stadia zimujące
    szkodniki roślin
    pine−spruce stands
    forest litter and soil
    bark
    forest protection
    curculionidae
    scolytinae
    Opis:
    Field research was conducted in selected pine−spruce stands of the Oleśnica Śląska Forest District (SW Poland), where in 2004 intensive mortality of trees infested by I. typographus and I. duplicatus was observed. The results show that most I. typographus beetles hibernated under the bark of sample trees (71.2%). Most I. duplicatus beetles hibernated in forest litter and soil (90.5%). In the litter and soil samples, the largest number of hibernating beetles (of both species) were observed in the close neighborhood of tree stems, within the radius of up to l m (96.2% and 94.0% respectively). The estimated number of beetles hibernating in the forest litter and soil under the canopy of a single sample tree was 383 and 61, respectively. In bark samples I. typographus hibernated only as adult (imago).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 01; 21-30
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gleby i siedliska drzewostanów nasiennych dębu szypułkowego (Quercus robur) i dębu bezszypułkowego (Q. petraea) w Polsce
    Soils and forest site types of the seed stands of common (Quercus robur) and sessile (Q. petraea) oaks in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Sewerniak, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989647.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    hodowla lasu
    dab bezszypulkowy
    Quercus petraea
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    drzewostany nasienne
    siedliska lesne
    gleby lesne
    bonitacja drzewostanow
    quercus
    seed stands
    forest site
    soil
    silviculture
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of forest site types and of soil types of oak seed stands in Poland. The study was comparatively conducted with reference to sessile (Quercus petraea) and common (Q. robur) oaks. As in Poland the seed stands are established only in stands characterized by favourable both growth parameters and timber quality, it was suspected that the results of the study would enable to indicate optimal sites and soil units for oak breeding in Poland. The study was conducted on the basis of data obtained from the SEMEN database (www.bnl.gov.pl) which were broadened by descriptions of the investigated seed stands found in the Forest Data Bank (www.bdl.lasy.gov.pl). For both oak species, the research was conducted with reference to the two types of seed stands: permanent (WDN) and temporary (GDN). In total, 531 stands of Quercus petraea and 2043 of Q. robur located across whole Poland were investigated in the study. It was found that optimal soils as well as forest site types overlap for both investigated oak species only for fresh broadleaved forest (Lśw). For other forest type sites distinct differences for the oak species were found. The optimum for common oak were expanded towards the wet sites (moist broadleaved forest – Lw, and riparian forest – Lł), while for sessile oak towards semi−fertile mixed broadleaved forest (LMśw). It is interesting that seed stands of both oak species overgrow not only fine−textured soils, but significant share of them (ca. 50% area of Q. petraea and 15% of Q. robur seed stands) occurs on sandy soils (Brunic Arenosols mainly). It proves that Brunic Arenosols constitute forest sites enabling production of broadleaved forests characterized by favourable growth parameters and high timber quality. However, it is possible unless the soil have been podzolized by conifers due to podzolized Brunic Arenosols were rarely represented in the oak seed stands and, if so, the stands were characterized by relatively low site index. It was also stated that on podzolized Brunic Arenosols of fresh mixed coniferous forest (BMśw) admixture of oak should enable reducing negatively impact of conifers on a soil.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 08; 674-683
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura wielopokoleniowych drzewostanów sosny zwyczajnej w strefie brzegowej jeziora Bełdany (Puszcza Piska)
    Structure of multi-generation Scots pine stands growing in the littoral zone of Beldany Lake [Pisz Forest]
    Autorzy:
    Żurkowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany wielopokoleniowe
    drzewostany sosnowe
    jezioro Beldany
    Puszcza Piska
    sosna zwyczajna
    strefa brzegowa
    lesnictwo
    struktura drzewostanu
    Pinus sylvestris
    drzewa lesne
    stand structure
    scots pine
    pisz forest
    littoral stands
    Opis:
    Pine stands growing in the littoral zone of Bełdany Lake were established by natural regeneration. On the sites under study pine forms multi−generation stands and regenerates continuously showing two culmination periods in the years 1770−1800 and 1930−1980. Pine population at the age of 200−230 years retains good quality and high vitality. Similarly, younger generation pines that grow under the shelter of the canopy even for 100 years retain the attributes of normal growth after being exposed.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 01; 20-30
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problemy ochrony lasów prywatnych Małopolski ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem górskich
    Protection problems of private forests in Malopolska with special reference to mountain spruce stands
    Autorzy:
    Król, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009067.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Malopolska
    lasy prywatne
    ochrona lasu
    drzewa lesne
    swierk
    Picea
    szkodniki roslin
    kambiofagi
    owady
    kornik drukarz
    Ips typographus
    rytownik pospolity
    Pityogenes chalcographus
    wystepowanie
    drzewostany swierkowe
    zamieranie lasow
    choroby roslin
    forest ownership
    forest land community
    spruce stands
    bark beetles
    poland
    Opis:
    The paper presents results of the research carried out between 2004 and 2008 on the effect of ownership category on the threat to spruce stands from cambiophagous insects. The share of dead trees in the stands under individual and community ownership has been determined. It has been shown that the existing threats to spruce stands from the European bark beetle and the need for their salvation require more attention to be given to the training of forest owners in prevention and protection.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 10; 694-704
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tekstura karpackiego dolnoreglowego drzewostanu mieszanego o charakterze pierwotnym
    Texture of a primeval lower montane mixed forest in the Carpathians
    Autorzy:
    Kołodziej, Z.
    Paluch, J.
    Bartkowicz, L.
    Pach, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Babiogorski Park Narodowy
    regiel dolny
    drzewostany mieszane
    drzewostany swierkowo-bukowo-jodlowe
    las pierwotny
    tekstura drzewostanu
    sklad gatunkowy
    drzewa lesne
    liczba drzew
    piersnicowe pole przekroju
    primeval forest
    mixed stands
    spatial pattern
    structural heterogeneity
    diversity index
    forest dynamics theory
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to characterize the texture of a primeval forest composed of Fagus sylvatica (L.), Abies alba (Mill.) and Picea abies ((L.) H. Karst). Empirical data were collected in the Babia Góra National Park (southern Poland) in the stand being under strict protection since 1934. 259 circular plots with a radius of 7.0 m and an area of 154 m² each were established in nodes of 20×20 m grid. For individual plots and blocks of the combined plots representing gradient of spatial scales between 0.015 and 0.640 ha, the number of trees, diameter at breast height (dbh) distributions, basal areas and the values of structural diversity indices of Gini (GI), Shannon (SH) and Staudhammer−LeMay (STVI) were determined. The indices were also calculated for several types of theoretical distributions. Based on the values obtained for the theoretical distributions, the individual plots and the blocks of the combined plots were classified as representing simple (GI≤0.30;STVI≤0.10), moderately diversified (0.300.45; STVI>0.30) dbh structure. For all the spatial scales analyzed the average values of GI and STVI indices reached the level typical for populations of a high structural diversity (i.e. exceeded the values of 0.45 and 0.30 respectively). According to the GI and STVI values, the portion of stand patches with complex dbh structure ranged from 70.9% and 68.2% at the individual plots scale, respectively, up to 100% in the blocks of 16 plots (4×4). In general, in all the spatial scales analyzed the spatial diversification of the dbh distributions and basal area levels was higher than in managed selection forests and much higher than in managed single−storied stands. The dominant frequency of highly diversified dbh distributions found in the analysed stand was not concordant with the predictions of the forest dynamics theory based on developmental stages, according to which in primeval forests with a significant partition of Abies alba and Picea abies should prevail stand patches of rather simple dbh structure, characteristic for the long−lasting optimum stage.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 600-609
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamika i główne kierunki zmian w drzewostanach zagospodarowanej części Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Dynamics and main direction of change in forest stands constituting the managed part of Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985942.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    dynamika drzewostanu
    siedliska lesne
    struktura drzewostanu
    sklad gatunkowy
    struktura wiekowa
    miazszosc drzewostanow
    przyrost miazszosci
    abiotic and biotic threats
    forest age structure
    low−productivity stands
    stand productivity
    stand volume
    stand stability
    species composition
    wind risk model
    Opis:
    The paper describes current (in years 2007−2017) changes of basic parameters of forest stands that constitute the managed part of Białowieża Forest (ca. 53,000 ha), divided into three forest districts: Białowieża (12,600 ha), Hajnówka (19,700 ha) and Browsk (20,400 ha). The investigated tree stands represent different phases of ecological succession, modified by silvicultural treatments and other human activities. The course of the succession processes is varied, depending, first of all, on local site conditions, consisting mainly of fresh sites (ca. 60%) – particularly fresh broadleaved forest, and encompassing exceptionally high fraction of wet and swamp sites (40%) – especially wet broadleaved forest site type. Most stands represent the intermediate, highly productive phase of succession, with spruce and oak as the dominant tree species. In particular, such stands are common in Białowieża and Hajnówka forest districts. Recently, the share of the mentioned stands is declining, most intensely in the Browsk Forest District. In 2017 alone, 430 ha of highly productive forest stands disappeared from the Białowieża Forest. The process of decay involved mixed stands; besides of spruces which were killed by a current bark beetle infestation, also many oaks, pines, birches, alders as well as rare and valuable minor tree species (such as ashes and maples) died. Dying spruce and, more often, oak stands are often replaced by low−productive hornbeam trees, occupying earlier lower stand strata in such stands. The resulting hornbeam stands are often distinguished by low crown closure and low productivity. Tree stands occurring in the Białowieża Forest are among the most endangered by wind damage stands in Poland. It means that in case of strong winds, several trees will be broken and/or uprooted. The intensity of such phenomena will be further increased by the high tree volume of stands as well as by the presence of many gaps in forest canopy, caused by a massive mortality of spruce trees. In general, one may expect that in the nearest future many stands occurring in the Białowieża Forest, built by different tree species, will be subject to a massive decay. The list of factors contributing to this process is long and involves, among other things, recurring droughts during the growing season, unfavorable changes in ground water table and increased frequency of strong winds. All these factors negatively influence the health status of trees, which further favours the development of parasitic fungi and insects. In consequence, there is a high probability that many areas in the Białowieża Forest will, for a long time, retain a treeless character and/or will be occupied by low−productive and single species hornbeam stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 897-906
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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