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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Sezonowa i dzienna dynamika wykorzystania nęcisk przez różne gatunki zwierząt w kontekście możliwości rozprzestrzeniania ASF w środowisku leśnym
    Seasonal and daily activity of bait utilization by various animal species in the context of the ASF spread in the forest environment
    Autorzy:
    Nasiadka, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979108.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wildlife management
    baiting sites
    phototrap
    ASF
    Opis:
    ASF has existed in Poland since 2014. The main vector of this disease is wild boar (Sus scrofa). Traditional baiting site is one of the most popular elements of wildlife infrastructure for wild boars hunting. Along with the development of ASF in Poland, the bait became an object of attention due to the high probability of contact between healthy and sick animals, and thus as a place of potential spread of the disease. Feeding is currently forbidden, but it is allowed to lure wild boar with small amounts of food for the needs of depopulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate what kind of species penetrate the bait as well as what are the seasonal and diurnal dynamics of bait penetration by different groups of animals. The tests were carried out in north−eastern Poland. Digital Trial Camera SGN−5220 were used to record animals within a radius of up to 10−15 m from the location of phototraps (at night). Once a month, 1 kg of maize was spread evenly over the surface of the bait, as is usually done in practice. During the 18−month of observation, 2929 pictures recorded 21 species of animals that penetrated the bait. They included 9 species of birds (from tit to cranes), 4 species of predators (fox, raccoon, raccoon dog, badger) and 4 species of ungulates (Polish horse, roe deer, fallow deer and deer). Animals that can contribute the most to ASF spread are predators, and among the birds: ravens, crows, jays and cranes. The animals penetrated the bait mainly during the night (except for birds), and the longest during one presence during autumn and winter. In the summer, the bait was penetrated by the largest number of species of wild animals (birds, predators, ungulates and of course wild boars). The question arises whether other places where potential food for wild animals is accumulated can also be a source of potential ASF spread.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 08; 663-675
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ cech populacji i środowiska na dokładność i precyzję wyników symulacji lotniczej inwentaryzacji zwierzyny
    Effects of population and habitat characteristics on the accuracy and precision of wildlife aerial surveys results
    Autorzy:
    Witczuk, J.
    Pagacz, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979294.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    bias
    drone
    simulations
    thermal infrared
    variability
    wildlife monitoring
    Opis:
    Estimation of population abundance is one of the most difficult tasks in wildlife management. In case of forest−dwelling ungulates, none of the currently available survey methods is satisfying in terms of accuracy, precision, and cost−effectiveness. Therefore, we propose a new method of ungulate monitoring based on distance sampling and using unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with thermal infrared cameras. The method is potentially more reliable and cost−effective than conventional survey techniques. It also allows for aerial surveys in the dark when animals are most active. However, the method needs to be tested before wide−scale implementation in wildlife management practice. While the effects of sampling design and effort on accuracy and precision of abundance estimates are well recognized, the importance of population and habitat characteristics is often overlooked by wildlife managers. We used simulations to assess the effects of population size, animal aggregation, and habitat−depended detection probability on the accuracy and precision of wildlife aerial survey results. We created 1000 virtual populations defined by population density (2−22 individuals/100 ha), mean group size (1−6 individuals), and probability of animal detection during surveys (proportional to canopy cover, 30−60%). Animals were distributed on a virtual study area (5000 ha) according to randomly generated density distribution. Each population was subjected to 25 simulated surveys using the same design (39 transects grouped in three 2.0×2.5 km blocks). The transects covered 12% of the entire study area. We used conventional distance sampling to estimate abundance and generalized linear models to assess the effect of each parameter on the accuracy and precision of estimates. The estimation accuracy was mostly affected by the probability of detection (B=–0.75) and, to a lesser degree, by aggre− gation (B=–0.25) and population size (B=0.09). Precision was influenced by the aggregation (B=0.32) and population size (B=–0.26), while detection probability had a weaker effect (B=–0.11). Observed significant differences in quality of abundance estimates derived by the same survey design, but with differing population and habitat characteristics, indicate that each survey requires an individual approach. It is impossible to formulate general recommendations, e.g. concerning flight plan or area coverage. To achieve the required level of precision, while minimizing the survey costs, it is necessary to test alternative survey designs with the aid of computer simulations.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 07; 560-567
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przydatność repelentów w ochronie drzew przed zgryzaniem ich przez bobry
    The efficiency of repellents in trees protection against beavers
    Autorzy:
    Borowski, Z.
    Borkowski, J.
    Niewęgłowski, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022726.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    zgryzanie
    bobr
    skutecznosc
    Castor fiber
    ochrona lasu
    lesnictwo
    repelenty
    szkody lowieckie
    drzewa lesne
    european beaver
    castor fiber
    repellents
    trees protection against wildlife
    damage by wildlife.
    Opis:
    The efficiency in Trees protection against European beaver (Castor fiber) of two different repellents: JTEATON and REPENTOL 6 BIS PA was studied under laboratory condition. Both types of repellents showed no efficiency in willow branch protection against beaver browsing. Willow branches protected by two repellents were damaged in the same level as non−protected branches (control) both under low (1 beaver) and high predation risk (2−4 beavers). Data from this experiment suggest that tested repellents were not efficient in trees protection against beaver.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 11; 13-17
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wybranych czynników środowiskowych na szkody wyrządzane przez zwierzynę w lasach Lubelszczyzny
    Autorzy:
    Drozd, L.
    Tyrawski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022054.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    zwierzeta lowne
    czynniki srodowiska
    jelenie
    lasy
    losie
    lesnictwo
    sarny
    szkody lowieckie
    wild ruminants
    damage to forest caused by wildlife
    Opis:
    The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of selected environmental factors on the extent of damage caused by wild ruminants in plantations and thickets. The environmental factors were: fragmentation of forest complexes, the share of age classes in stands, the share of deciduous species, the size of felled forests and restocked area.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 10; 67-72
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bezpośrednie obserwacje zwierzyny jako element monitorowania dużych kopytnych na przykładzie łosi (Alces alces L.) w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym
    Direct observations of wildlife as an element of the monitoring of large ungulates on the example of moose (Alces alces L.) in the Kampinoski National Park
    Autorzy:
    Nasiadka, P.
    Skubis, J.
    Wajdzik, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989781.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    zwierzeta lowne
    los
    Alces alces
    monitoring
    obserwacje zwierzat
    obserwacje bezposrednie
    Kampinoski Park Narodowy
    wildlife monitoring
    direct observation
    alces alces
    Opis:
    More than 3000 direct observations of 5900 mooses were used to investigate the sex structure and growth of the population living in the Kampinoski National Park (KNP, central Poland). The study used data collected by the park service since 1998. To confirm the hypothesis that the random observations will accurately describe the population structure the experiment was performed with a theoretical population. It was a collection of 102 numbers (1−39 for females, 40−81 for males, and 82−102 for calves). Sex structure of this population was 1:1 and the growth rate was 0.6 calf/female. To provide the randomness all ‘animals' were mixed and renumbered. Each time we drew 4 numbers (like 4 random moose observed). The drawn numbers were grouped into: males, females and calves. Results of the consecutive draws were accumulated, while sex ratio and growth rate of this hypothetical population were constantly recalculated. Changes in ratios with increasing abundance of ‘recorded' moose were observed. It was assumed that the accuracy of estimates of population structure will increase with the number of observed animals and ultimately the results of the draw will show real sex structure and growth of analyzed population. The draw was repeated three times. Each time the results confirmed the hypothesis. A similar procedure was performed for empirical data from KNP. The documented direct observation of moose throughout the year provides a reliable assessment of the sex structure and population growth. At a constant, daily assessment of gender structure requires longer observation time than evaluation of growth. Application of these traits based on a small empirical material and/or short follow−up time may result in significant errors. The sex structure of moose in KNP is at the level of about 1:2, while growth at 0.8 calf/female. The values of indicators describing these characteristics are higher than previously adopted for the purposes of hunting of moose use in Poland. It would clarify the methodology of recording observations – a clear definition of calf age (0−1 years) and a separate listing of moose treated as an independent one−year age group. It is also strict principle of not combining several separate observations (e.g. summary of the daily observations) as one independent observation. The method of accumulation of direct observation to assess the gender structure and growth should be tested in other deer species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 565-578
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wzorce czasowe kolizji łosi z pociągami na terenie Kolumbii Brytyjskiej i ich wpływ na metody zapobiegające takim zdarzeniom
    Temporal patterns of moose-train collisions in British Columbia – implications for mitigation
    Autorzy:
    Jasińska, K.D.
    Bijak, S.
    Child, K.N.
    Rea, R.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/974063.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Alces alces
    Kolumbia Brytyjska
    Kanada
    łowiectwo
    zwierzęta łowne
    łoś
    kolizje z pociągami
    zmienność czasowa
    alces alces
    temporal pattern
    season
    month
    weekdays
    wildlife−train collisions
    Opis:
    Where train tracks bisect moose habitat, trains may collide with moose, impacting the local population and creating a safety concern for rail traffic. Understanding the patterns underlying these collisions, is critical for helping managers choose the right mitigation methods to reduce mortality on railways. Our objective was to analyze the long−term temporal patterns of moose−train collisions. We used data on moose−train collisions from British Columbia (Canada) obtained from Canadian National Railways and British Columbia Rail Corporation. We analysed data from collision events that occurred between 1990 and 2010, excluding 1995−1996 for which there were no data. A total number of days, when moose−train collisions occurred (LD), and a total number of moose killed from collisions (LK) were calculated in annual, seasonal and monthly resolutions. We also investigated distribution of these data for day of the week. We used chi2 and Mann−Kendall tests to investigate whether LD or LK changed over time and Pearson correlation coefficient to relate these trends to the annual moose harvest in the analysed period. The number of days in which moose−train collisions occurred varied by year and by time of year. LD occurred most often in winter and least often in summer, with the highest number being recorded in February and the lowest in July. There were no significant differences in the number of moose−train collisions on various days of the week. We found no significant trends in LD for seasons, months (except for November) and weekdays for the period under investigation. In general, LK revealed a temporal pattern as LD, however number of killed moose was significantly lower on Fridays and Saturdays comparing to other week days. Because moose−train collision patterns did not change significantly between years, we assume that the temporal patterns exhibited in our study likely hold true from year to year and can be used to inform managers considering mitigation measures aimed at reducing moose−train collisions.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 01; 32-40
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ dróg szybkiego ruchu na populacje zwierzyny
    The effect of highways on animal populations
    Autorzy:
    Konopka, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023542.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    zachowanie sie zwierzat
    zwierzeta lowne
    fragmentaryzacja srodowiska
    korytarze ekologiczne
    lesnictwo
    wedrowki zwierzat
    oddzialywanie na zwierzeta
    zielone mosty
    autostrady
    highways
    wildlife populations
    behaviour
    ecological corridors poland
    Opis:
    The paper provides research results on adaptability of animals to changes in the environment resulting from genetically conditioned behaviour of the individuals. Observations of adaptive process of wildlife using ecological corridors to new environmental conditions were carried out along the newly constructed section of the A−4 highway to find the changes ongoing in wildlife populations.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 148, 02; 17-25
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przydatność Emolu Plus BTX LA do ochrony sosny zwyczajnej przed zimowym zgryzaniem przez jeleniowate
    The usefulness of repellent Emol Plus BTX LA in Scots pine saplings protection against winter browsing by deer
    Autorzy:
    Nasiadka, P.
    Pudełko, M.
    Umiński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023356.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    ochrona roslin
    Emol Plus BTX LA
    skutecznosc
    ochrona lasu
    sosna zwyczajna
    lesnictwo
    repelenty
    Pinus sylvestris
    drzewa lesne
    emol
    emol plus btx la
    scots pine
    pinus sylvestris
    browsing
    forest protection against wildlife
    damage by widlife.
    Opis:
    The paper provides study results on the efficacy of Emol Plus BTX LA repellent used for the protection of Scots pine saplings against browsing by deer. Emol Plus BTX LA contains coarse−grained filler – calcium carbonate and denatonium benzoate (BTX) as active substance. The efficacy of both Emol Plus BTX LA and standard repellents were found to be high.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 148, 10; 59-66
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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