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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 143
Tytuł:
Wpływ pory roku na uszkodzenia drzewostanów olchowych podczas trzebieży wczesnej
Influence of the season on damage in black alder stands during early thinning
Autorzy:
Grzywiński, W.
Turowski, R.
Naskrent, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
logging
tree damage
stand damage rates
Alnus glutinosa
Opis:
The paper presents the comparison of the influence of the season (winter and summer) on the level of damage to trees remaining after the timber harvest during early thinning in young alder stands. The study was carried out in black alder stands aged 38 and 40 years located in north−eastern Poland (Płaska Forest District). Chainsaw logging was performed in the cut−to−length harvest system, while timber was extracted using an agricultural tractor with a trailer with manual timber loading and unloading. The number and share of damaged trees and stand damage rates were estimated in a particular season of the year. Logging resulted in the damage of 8.3% to residual trees. Almost twice as many trees were damaged in summer as in winter (p=0.001). Significantly higher share of trees in 3rd, 4th, and 5th damage classes was found. Only the damage of timber fibers (6th class) did not differ significantly between analyzed seasons. The stand weighted damage rate (W) ranged in winter from 0.12 to 0.38, and in summer between 0.12 and 0.80. In turn, the value of weighted coefficient of damaged trees in the remaining stand amounted to 10.24−60.15 in winter, and 19.07−119.64 in summer. Both W (p<0.01) and WDI (p<0.05) indices were twice higher in the summer than in the winter period.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 365-372
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategie redukcji szkód pozyskaniowo−zrywkowych – standaryzacja i klasyfikacja szkód glebowych
Strategies concerning the reduction of damage caused by harvesting and extraction of timber – standardisation and classification of soil damage
Autorzy:
Gil, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
szkody w lesie
standaryzacja
zrywka drewna
klasyfikacja
uszkodzenia gleby
lesnictwo
identyfikacja
pozyskiwanie drewna
horse skidding
tractor extraction
soil damage
soil disturbance
damage standards
Opis:
The paper provides information about the tendencies towards the number of horses and tractors used in Poland, the definition of the term damage in the context of forest utilisation, main soil damage categories resulting from timber extraction in the forest environment. The paper also discusses the methods for the assessment of the extent of soil disturbances, methods for identification of soil damage and gives the examples of soil damage standards and classifications used on the North American Continent (USA, Canada).
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 05; 76-85
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagrożenie lasów Polski na podstawie modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr
Risk of the wind damage to the forests in Poland on the basis of a stand damage risk model
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Mionskowski, M.
Bruchwald, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zagrozenia lasu
wiatry
huragany
uszkodzenia drzewostanow
modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
Polska
wind damage
stand damage risk model
poland
Opis:
On the basis of the wind damage risk model for forests using the data of the State Forests Information System, the stand damage risk factor Wr for each of the 430 forest districts in Poland and the threat measure Ms for a given forest district were determined. The measure of threat to forest Ms for a forest district is a methodical basis for assessing the potential damage to forests in Poland. Its value ranges from 8.1% for the Brzózka Forest District to 48.9% for the Ujsoły Forest District (fig. 1), giving the average value of 24.6% and standard deviation of 7.03%. The measure Ms was the basis for differentiating the levels of threat of wind damage to forest for forest districts. Level 1 (Ms≤10%) indicates low threat, level 2 (10%40%) – very high threat. Low threat to forests was found only in two forest districts located in the western part of the country. 113 forest districts, which form large concentrations particularly in western and central Poland, are exposed to an elevated threat. Most forest districts (233) are classified to a group of moderate threat. They are located across the country and are mostly concentrated in the northern and southern regions of Poland. 71 forest districts exposed to high threat are concentrated in the south of Poland in the Carpathians and the Sudetes, with scattered presence in the north of the country. Most of the 11 forest districts with a very high threat to forests are located in the mountains (tab., fig. 1). For the forest districts with a particularly high and very high threat, new silvicultural procedures and the basis for decision making in the field of forest management should be developed to reduce the risk of damage to forest.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2015, 159, 05; 361-371
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ryzyko powstawania szkód w drzewostanach poszczególnych nadleśnictw Polski
Risk of damage to stands in individual forest districts in Poland
Autorzy:
Bruchwald, A.
Dmyterko, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/995538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
nadlesnictwa
uszkodzenia drzewostanow
szkody w lesie
ryzyko wystapienia
zroznicowanie regionalne
wspolczynniki reginalnego ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanow
stand damage risk model
stand damage risk factor
regional damage risk factor
forest district
Opis:
In the study, regional stand damage risk factors were developed for individual forest districts in Poland. For this purpose we used the materials contained in the database of the State Forests Information System (SILP), which relate to the volume of wood obtained from windfalls and deadwood in all forest districts in Poland in the years 2005−2010. The criterion proposed was the maximum annual damage during the period under review expressed as volume of wood obtained from wind−thrown and wind−broken trees, as well as deadwood per hectare of forest stands older than 40 years in a forest district. This allowed to assign regional damage risk factor values to individual units. They range from 0, corresponding to a very low damage risk to stands, to 4, indicating a very high risk. Presented map of the regional stand damage risk factors for the forest districts in Poland is the graphic result of the analysis.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 01; 19-27
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi do obowiązujących zasad wykonywania szacunku szkód od zwierzyny w drzewostanach z propozycją ich korekty
Remarks to the existing rules of assessing damage from game and proposals of their improvement
Autorzy:
Szyndler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
szacowanie szkod
drzewostany
lesnictwo
szkody lowieckie
damage assessment
damage from game
Opis:
Forest is an element of natural environment, also inhabited by game. The dwelling of game, mainly of the cervids, in forests often has a significant effect in stands, particularly in their younger stages of development, in thickets in the first place. Bark peeling may, in extreme cases, cause damage to forest plantations and thickets.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 07; 58-69
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Urządzanie i monitoring lasu a ustalanie stref uszkodzenia lasu i stopni uszkodzenia drzewostanów
Forest management and monitoring versus establishment of forest damage zones and degrees of stand damage
Autorzy:
Gołojuch, P.
Beker, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy
monitoring
uszkodzenia drzewostanow
strefy uszkodzen lasu
stopien uszkodzenia
zagrozenia lasu
forest damage
management
Opis:
In years 1970−2002, in Poland forest damage zones were distinguished within the framework of forest management works. Since 2003 degrees of stand damage have been determined. This study presents basic characteristics of the methods employed for these purposes concerning the necessity to elaborate a new method of determination of degrees of stand damage. The establishment of forest damage zones and degrees of stand damage cannot be treated as one of the forms of monitoring because in order to determine their range, no observations on the permanent plots and – within their confines – on the same sample trees were and are carried out. Over the time, evaluation criteria or/and ways of establishment of the extent of damages have been undergoing considerable and significant methodological changes and modifications. In terms of dynamically altering quantitative and qualitative impact of different factors affecting forest environment, 10 years period of observation repeatability is far too long to use this information as an indicator of occurring changes. In practice, it was and it still is impossible to determine objectively trends and directions of changes taking place in a given object, which is one of the objectives of forest monitoring. The concept of damage zone should be understood not only as an area of grouping the stands of the same or similar damage, but, equally importantly, as those which happen to be under the influence of the same factor exerting its influence at the same level. Therefore, when determining the range of zones, the following three actions should be taken into consideration simultaneously: complex crown evaluation, dendrometric measurements and monitoring of the effect of the causative agent. In order to trace the trends of the changes on the study plots, the same sample trees must be subjected to evaluations and measurements. From the point of view of the time perspective, examinations should be carried out every 5 years (assessment of the crown condition and dendrometric measurements) or on a continuous basis (monitoring of the effect of the causative agent) irrespective of the forest taxation. It is also advisable to consider possible use of contemporary remote sensing techniques to determine the range of zones and degrees of damage, which preliminary can be used to establish the range, intensity and kind of the damages.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2015, 159, 01; 13-21
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wskaźnik uszkodzenia koron sosny (Pinus sylvestris L.) III i IV klasy wieku a ustalanie stref uszkodzenia lasu
Damage index of Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) crowns of the 3rd and 4th age classes and the determination of forest damage zones
Autorzy:
Jaszczak, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
uszkodzenia korony
klasy wieku
strefy uszkodzen lasu
wskaznik uszkodzenia korony
sosna zwyczajna
monitoring
lesnictwo
Pinus sylvestris
drzewa lesne
scots pine
damage index
damage zone
age class
Opis:
In years 2002 and 2003, pairs of test plots were established in pine stands of the 3rd and 4th age classes of selected forest divisions. The crown condition of 25 trees from the main stand was assessed on each plot employing the so called stand method. Damage indices were calculated for each test plot, which were used to assign individual stands to the appropriate damage zone. The presence or lack of statistically significant differences of damage indices was checked and this was referred to the membership of individual stand pairs in damage zones. The proportions of damage zones determined according to two divisions for the 3rd, 4th and, jointly, for the 3rd and 4th age classes in both years of observations were compared.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 11; 25-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr do oceny prawdopodobieństwa lokalizacji szkód w lasach Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Białymstoku
Application of the wind damage risk model for the assessment of the probability of the location of damage to forests of the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Bialystok
Autorzy:
Bruchwald, A.
Dmyterko, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
wiatry
szkody w lesie
drzewostany
ryzyko uszkodzenia
ocena ryzyka
modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
RDLP Bialystok
wind damage risk model
wind damage risk factor
Opis:
In June 2016, a hurricane damaged the forests of the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Białystok (eastern Poland), resulting in the removal of approximately 1.9 million cubic meters of wind−fallen and wind−broken trees and deadwood by the end of 2018. The research material was obtained from the database of the State Forests Information System and used to assess the functioning of the wind damage risk model. The wind damage risk model determines the value of damage risk factor Wr for each stand ranging from 0 to 3; a higher value indicates a higher risk of damage to the stand. The damage risk factor allowed to create six damage risk classes, with a width of 0.5 each and to assign individual stands of the forest district to one of the classes. The areal share of damaged stands was calculated for each class. In 2015, i.e. before the hurricane, the share of stands in the highest damage risk class VI ranged from 0.1% to 3.5%. After the hurricane in 2016, the areal share of damaged stands was calculated for each class, the largest share (the largest damage) being in class VI, while the share of the most damaged stands were found in the following forest districts: Dojlidy – 71%, Supraśl – 79% and Żednia – 87%. In 9 other forest districts, the area of damaged stands in class VI also exceeded 70%. The wind damage risk model for the stand presented in the paper allows identifying stands where damage is very likely to occur, when the wind comes. This may limit the level of wind damage through, in the first place, the rebuilding of stands classified to the highest wind damage risk factor class.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 08; 629-636
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie modeli ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr do oceny zagrożenia lasów nadleśnictwa
Application of wind damage risk models for the assessment of danger to stands within a forest district
Autorzy:
Bruchwald, A.
Dmyterko, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/974051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wiatry
szkody w lesie
drzewostany
ryzyko uszkodzenia
modele ryzyka uszkodzenia
leśnictwo
zagrożenia lasu
ocena zagrożenia
nadleśnictwa
RDLP Kraków
wind damage
risk models
wind damage risk indices
Opis:
The study presents a risk model for stand damage caused by wind. It is associated with the following groups of factors: the variable characteristics of stand, its permanent characteristics, the position of a forest district in the region of the country, the damage that occurred in the stand in the past. The model generates a risk factor for tree damage ranging from 0 to 3. The higher value it indicates, the higher risk for the stand. The model serves for the assessment of risks to stands in the Cracow Regional Directorate of the State Forests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 07; 459-471
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drzewostanowa metoda określania uszkodzenia jodły
Method of assessment the damage to silver fir stands
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Bruchwald, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
uszkodzenia drzewostanow
defoliacja
wskaznik uszkodzenia drzew
metoda drzewostanowa
metody badan
lesnictwo
drzewostany jodlowe
methods of assessment the damage to stands
silver fir
Opis:
Paper presents two variants of the method of assessment the damage to the silver fir stands that were determined on the basis of the crown development. The first one is based on the tree's defoliation, the other – on the tree's damage index W that includes defoliation (feature A), condition of the tree−top (feature B) and tree's vitality (feature C). Mean defoliation or index W is used to determine one of the four classes of the stand damage. The accuracy of both variants was worked out and minimum number of sample trees required within assumed standard errors of assessed features was determined.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 05; 26-33
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uszkodzenia drzew w górskich przedrębnych drzewostanach sosnowych
Tree damage in premature mountain Scots pine stands
Autorzy:
Zastocki, D.
Walczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
uszkodzenia drzew
pozyskiwanie drewna
zrywka drewna
szlaki zrywkowe
leśnictwo
lasy górskie
drzewostany przedrębne
mountain forests
stand damage
private forest firms
Opis:
The aim of the study is to evaluate the selected methods and technological processes of wood harvesting used by Forest Service Enterprises and analyse the impact of the adopted solutions on the selected elements of the forest environment. The study is limited to a detailed analysis of the extent of damage to trees retained in stands caused by extraction during late thinning operations carried out under difficult mountain conditions. Analysed stands with pine as a dominant tree species (its percentage share exceeding 70%) aged 41−60 years and grew on the mountain forest habitat. Wood was harvested using the assortment method and skidded by the adapted farm tractors and specialized skidders, such as Kockums 812 and VFA.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 09; 642-650
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena szkód w lasach Polski spowodowanych przez huragan w sierpniu 2017 roku
Assessment of the damage to Polish forests caused by a hurricane in August 2017
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Bruchwald, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wind−caused damage
risk model
stand growth model
allowable cut
Opis:
On August 11−12, 2017, a hurricane passed from south to north of Poland causing considerable damage to forests, especially in regional directorates of the State Forests in Wrocław, Poznań, Toruń, Szczecinek and Gdańsk. By the end of 2018, the volume of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees and deadwood approximated to 9 million m3. In 9 forest districts the harvested volume exceeded 440 thousand m3, including two entities with over 1 million m3 each. The harvested volume was expressed as a percentage of allowable cut, calculated from the stand growth model. It showed possibile timber harvest in final and intermediate cuts in the absence of natural disasters (strong wind, intense drought, heavy snowfall, insect outbreaks, etc.). In many forest districts, timber harvest accounted for 100% of the allowable cut, with the maximum value approximated to 1100% of the allowable cut. The high salvage harvest of post−hurricane timber prevents the execution of other economic tasks, including plans of stand rebuilding. On the example of forest districts with the largest damage, the possibilities of selecting forests classified as the most threatened by wind were examined. The wind damage risk model for the stand was used to determine the value of wind damage risk factor Wr for each stand (values from 0 to 3; the higher value, the higher risk). The damage risk factor allowed to create six damage risk classes of a span of 0.5 each and to assign individual stands to one of the damage classes. The share of the area of stands and damaged stands in Wr classes was also determined. In the Lipusz Forest District the share of stands in VI class of Wr was 9.8%, and the area of damaged stands in this class was 98.3%. In the Rytel and Przymuszewo forest districts, the areal share of such stands was 10.7% and 5.1%, respectively, and almost all stands in this class were damaged by the hurricane. The areal share of forests in the highest Wr class was reported in the Gniezno Forest District accounting for 4.8% and the hurricane damaged 85% of their area. The wind damage risk model for the stand allows to identify forests where damage is very likely to occur. It is, therefore, possible to take action on the rebuilding of stands before the wind comes and thus reduce its negative effects. The cutting plan should include, in the first place, stands classified to the high wind damage risk factor.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 355-364
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 143

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