Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "conservation protection" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Bezpośrednie koszty i źródła finansowania ochrony przyrody i różnorodności biologicznej w nadleśnictwach w województwie mazowieckim
    Direct costs and sources of financing of nature conservation and biodiversity protection in forest districts in the Mazowieckie Province
    Autorzy:
    Kaliszewski, A.
    Młynarski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989967.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    nadlesnictwa
    ochrona przyrody
    ochrona bioroznorodnosci
    koszty bezposrednie
    zrodla finansowania
    woj.mazowieckie
    public funds
    subsidies
    forest policy
    Opis:
    The paper analyses direct costs of nature conservation and biodiversity protection incurred by forest districts of the State Forests in the Mazowieckie Province in the period 2008−2011. It also examines sources of their financing. The study shows that the largest amount of money – 65% of all costs – was spent on a wide range of activities related to biodiversity protection. The most significant fund donors were forest districts themselves. They provided 68.3% of all resources for nature conservation and biodiversity protection. The research also shows that funds received for these purposes from the state budget are rather of secondary importance.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 07; 491-498
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ochrona bioróżnorodności Puszczy Białowieskiej w kontekście dynamiki naturalnych i sztucznych zaburzeń
    Biodiversity conservation in the Bialowieza Forest in the context of natural and anthropogenic disturbances dynamics
    Autorzy:
    Hilszczański, J.
    Jaworski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985946.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    ochrona bioroznorodnosci
    ochrona przyrody
    ochrona scisla
    ochrona czynna
    sukcesja naturalna
    diversity conservation
    strict protection
    active protection
    natural succession
    intermediate disturbance
    hypothesis
    Opis:
    The paper presents the issue of conservation of species diversity of the Białowieża Forest in the context of both natural and human−related disturbances. These disturbances, in the authors’ opinion, were the main factor that shaped the unique species diversity of this area. Examples of natural disturbances occurring in the Białowieża Forest include the impact of wind, insect outbreaks and, to a lesser extent, fires. On the other hand anthropogenic disturbances are related to various forms of forest use, which historically took place here, i.e. grazing by domestic animals, beekeeping, charcoal production, and recently also forest management. Currently, in the situation of rarity and unpredictability of natural disturbances, as well as due to a significant decrease in human impact on forests of the Białowieża Forest, there is a risk of decrease of biodiversity, which is related to the process of natural succession, homogenization of the forest and the decline of favourable habitats for the development of some organisms. This particularly applies to the so−called ‘open forest’ species that are dependent on sunny places in forests. Historically these species found favourable conditions in the Białowieża Forest in many sites, where traditional forms of forest use took place, but also in areas used for traditional forest management. At present, it is necessary to adapt forest management on the one hand and nature conservation on the other, in order to meet the requirements of diverse groups of organisms, both requiring passive as well as active methods of conservation. The authors postulate the necessity of introducing a diverse conservation strategy in the Białowieża Forest.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 927-932
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Finansowe aspekty ochrony rezerwatów przyrody w Lasach Państwowych
    The financial aspects of protection of nature reserves in the State Forests
    Autorzy:
    Referowska-Chodak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018639.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    podatek gruntowy
    rezerwaty przyrody
    koszty
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    lesnictwo
    ochrona przyrody
    nature reserves
    state forests
    nature conservation costs
    expenditures and revenues from nature reserves
    Opis:
    The paper presents the 2001 questionnaire survey data concerning the financial aspects of protection of nature reserves located in the territory administered by the „State Forests” National Forest Holding. As shown in the specification of direct costs (i.a. treatment execution costs) and indirect costs (i.a. part of SF staff remunerations for their participation in decision−making, conservation and execution of protective tasks in reserve area) the financial contribution incurred by the State Forests for the maintenance and conducting of this form of nature protection proved to be substantial.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 06; 65-72
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alternatywne koszty ustanowienia stref ochrony gatunkowej ptaków w lasach na przykładzie wybranych nadleśnictw
    Opportunity costs of establishing bird protection zones in selected forest districts
    Autorzy:
    Kaliszewski, A.
    Młynarski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    ochrona przyrody
    gniazda ptasie
    strefa ochronna gniazd
    ustanowienie strefy ochronnej
    koszty alternatywne
    koszty straconych korzysci
    lasy gospodarcze
    zaprzestanie uzytkowania
    utrata miejsc pracy
    zmniejszenie przychodow
    Nadlesnictwo Grojec
    Nadlesnictwo Zwolen
    biodiversity conservation
    public forests
    local labour market
    economic loss
    Opis:
    The article presents the results of research on the opportunity costs related to establishment of perennial bird protection zones in forests located in two randomly selected forest districts of the Mazowieckie Province: Grójec and Zwoleń (Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Radom). The analysis included calculation of profits lost by forest districts due to termination of timber harvest in bird protection zones and also estimation of work places lost as a result of introduction of new limitations (social costs). The analysis was conducted based on the assumption that currently protected tree stands within protection zones would have been managed in a regular manner, i.e. that pre−commercial and commercial thinning, as well as final cuttings would have taken place and that they would have been a source of income to the examined forest districts. Based on the characteristics of tree stands within protection zones derived from the forest management plans for the forest districts at stake, potential thinning and cutting volumes for a 10−year period as well as potential incomes from timber sale were determined. The calculated timber volume was also used for estimating labour intensity of timber harvesting and skidding. Establishment of perennial bird protection zones generated losses in timber harvest in the amount of about 24.6 thousand m³ during the period of 10 years, which equals to about 1.7% (Grójec) and 2.2% (Zwoleń) of planned timber harvest amounts stated in the forest management plans of the studied forest districts. Total opportunity costs were equal to 3478 thousand PLN during 10 years or 1313 PLN/ha of protection zone annually. Annual opportunity costs calculated per unit of forest area of the forest districts were equal to 11.56 PLN/ha. The estimated loss in work places was 0.85 full−time jobs annually per every 100 ha of perennial bird protection zones. Results show that economic and social costs of nature protection activities concentrate in places of their origin. Those costs are felt the most by owners of affected forests and local communities. Exploration and introduction of instruments allowing mitigation of negative effects resulting from restrictions in forest use are therefore recommended.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 558-564
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Próba oceny zasadności stosowania ochrony biernej w rezerwatach utworzonych z drzewostanów zagospodarowanych na przykładzie rezerwatu "Sosny Taborskie"
    An attempt to assess the usefulness of passive protection in reserves established in managed stands on the example of the "Sosna Taborska" Reserve
    Autorzy:
    Dziekoński, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023579.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    przepisy prawne
    rezerwaty przyrody
    rezerwat Sosny Taborskie
    lesnictwo
    odnowienia naturalne
    urzadzanie lasu
    ochrona przyrody
    sukcesja naturalna
    nature reserves
    nature conservation
    natural succession
    legal regulations
    Opis:
    The paper focuses on the issue of protection of nature reserves established from managed stands where−in the neglect of appropriate silvicultural and protective measures have led to unfavourable changes in forest ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 148, 05; 60-68
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena cech adaptacyjnych i morfologicznych potomstwa drzewostanów jodłowych objętych ochroną w Karpackim Banku Genów
    Evaluation of adaptive and morphological traits of fir progenies of the stands embraced by protection in the Carpathian Gene Bank
    Autorzy:
    Kempf, M.
    Sabor, J.
    Stanuch, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035878.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    adaptacja roslin
    jodla pospolita
    potomstwo
    proweniencje
    hodowla lasu
    sadzonki
    Abies alba
    morfologia roslin
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    drzewostany jodlowe
    Karpacki Regionalny Bank Genow
    adaptive and morphological characteristics
    progeny
    carpathian fir
    conservation
    Opis:
    The aim of this study is to find differences in adaptive and morphological traits between the provenances of fir in the juvenile phase of development growing under similar conditions of the Felczyn nursery in the Nawojowa Forest District. The analysis of variance applied to adaptive and morphological traits indicated high between provenance variability of Carpathian fir. It confirms the hypothesis that intraspecific variation of fir is noticeable already in the juvenile phase of growth and is as high as of other forest tree species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 10; 3-15
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ postępowania ochronnego na występowanie kornika drukarza Ips typographus (L.) w Dolinie Kościeliskiej w Tatrzańskim Parku Narodowym
    Effect of forest protection strategy on the occurrence of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) in the Koscieliska Valley in the Tatra National Park
    Autorzy:
    Grodzki, W.
    Gąsienica Fronek, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
    Dolina Koscieliska
    obszary ochrony scislej
    drzewostany swierkowe
    drzewostany uszkodzone
    wiatrolomy
    szkodniki roslin
    kornik drukarz
    Ips typographus
    wystepowanie
    bark beetles
    norway spruce
    wind damage
    outbreaks
    nature conservation
    Opis:
    In the end of 2013 the Norway spruce stands in the Kościelska Valley in the Tatra National Park (S Poland) were severely damaged by the wind. In the next year about 22,000 m3 of timber from broken and fallen trees was processed and removed from the active protection zone, whilst in the strict protection zone those trees were left. In 2014, when the presented survey started, the infestation of lying and surrounding standing trees was very low, but starting from 2015 an intensive bark beetle Ips typographus outbreak affected the survived stands. No−intervention strategy was implemented by the national park in both zones, regardless their formal status at that time as well. In 2015 a set of 10 observation plots (200 trees in total) was established in both active and passive (strict) protection zones (5 plots in each zone). In 2017 a new set of 12 plots (240 trees in total) was installed (6 plots in each zone). On each plot the breast height diameter of all trees was measured and the relative mortality of trees (share of attacked spruces) was recorded each year. The infestation density and sex ratio were defined on the 25×25 cm bark samples taken from 138 trees in 2 trunk sections located 1.5−2.0 above the ground and in the midway between tree and crown bases. The bark beetle attack on living spruces in 2015 differed between the active and strict protection zones. The relative tree mortality was lower in active than in passive protection zone (20 and 39% respectively), but later it gradually came to be similar in both parts of the area (73.3 and 77.5%, respectively in 2017). In the initial outbreak phase, thinner (weaker) trees were attacked, and in the following years – stronger ones, although in the active protection zone the opposite pattern occurred initially. The attack density decreased in subsequent years, being higher in active protection zone, with gradually decreasing difference between zones. Thicker trees were attacked with lower intensity. The share of females, higher in active protection zone (68.2 vs. 63.9%), gradually decreased to (57.9 vs. 51.2%). The initial decrease of bark beetle attack intensity in the active protection zone gradually disappeared after the no−intervention strategy was applied. The resulting extended bark beetle infestation and its increasing intensity in both parts of the area, demonstrate the appropriateness and effectiveness of active protection measures applied in 2014.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 08; 628-637
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odnowienie naturalne drzew w Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Natural regeneration of trees in the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    odnowienia naturalne
    drzewa lesne
    topola osika
    Populus tremula
    brzoza brodawkowata
    Betula pendula
    brzoza omszona
    Betula pubescens
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    jesion wyniosly
    Fraxinus excelsior
    klon pospolity
    Acer platanoides
    wiaz gorski
    Ulmus glabra
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    lipa drobnolistna
    Tilia cordata
    grab pospolity
    proces dorastania
    ekosystemy lesne
    dynamika lasu
    active approach
    deer browsing
    long−term study
    multifunctional forest management
    natural recruitment
    nature conservation
    silvicultural treatment
    strict protection
    tree competition
    tree diversity
    Opis:
    Since several years already, a massive infestation of bark beetle has taken place in the Białowieża Forest, decimating a local Norway spruce population. In consequence, many open areas appeared, practically deprived of trees and other forest vegetation. The existence of such areas has a very negative impact on multiple values of the Białowieża Forest: natural, social, economical and landscape−aesthetic values. The local forest administration prepared a strategy aimed at active restoration of diverse woodland communities typical for the Białowieża Forest in all places, where bark beetle infestation wiped up the spruce stands. Those plans were criticized by representatives of the environmental organizations who blamed the foresters for transforming the Białowieża Forest into ‘plantation’ and claiming that such measures are inconsistent with the existing forest management and protection plan. The postulate of environmentalists is that the recovery of woodland communities should proceed completely naturally. Taking into account the above mentioned controversies, in this paper we examine the issue of natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest in detail. In particular, we try to determine to which extent this method of forest reproduction enables re−establishment of compositionally diverse woodland communities, distinguished by a high level of biological diversity and able to provide a wide range of commodities and benefits important for today’s society. Based on an extensive literature review we show that a combination of different (abiotic and biotic) factors, influencing establishment and subsequent growth of seedlings and saplings in the Białowieża Forest has long been strongly unfavorable for many tree species. In this regard, one should particularly emphasize the negative role of large herbivores, especially red deer, which is present in the Białowieża Forest since the end of 19th century, when it became a private hunting ground for Russian tzars. The devastating effect of deer browsing on natural regeneration is a well−documented phenomenon and widely recognized problem in the forestry practice. The fencing of young forest generation against game pressure is an indispensable measure, needed to secure the continuous existence of several tree species (first of all those palatable and vulnerable to browsing). Very strong arguments for an active approach to the described problem delivers also a long−term study on natural forest dynamics conducted since 1936. It shows that under conditions of strict protection the regeneration capacity of the Białowieża tree species is very variable. These differences lead to the compositional simplification and impoverishment of many tree stands, with numerous negative consequences for local biodiversity. We underline that an active management strategy is a basic prerequisite for maintaining a diverse character of the Białowieża stands and their ability to provide all important ecosystem services on a sustainable basis. Such a strategy should include, beside of the phase of establishment, also the subsequent developmental stages of new forest generations. The general goal of such a strategy should be to secure a possibly high diversity of tree composition and to enable the development of tree species representing a full range of life−history strategies and playing different successional roles: from typical pioneer species, through intermediate, to climax species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 883-896
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies