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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Ochrona praw mniejszości narodowych w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka oraz Komitetu Praw Człowieka ONZ – analiza porównawcza
    Autorzy:
    Baranowska, Grażyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    mniejszości narodowe
    Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka
    Komitet Praw Człowieka ONZ
    ochrona prawna
    orzecznictwo
    komparatystyka
    prawa człowieka
    national minorities
    European Court of Human Rights
    UN Human Rights Committee
    minority protection
    judicial decisions
    comparative law
    human rights
    Opis:
    The article analyses case law concerning national minority protection in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and UN Human Rights Committee. The protection of national minorities is realized through protecting individual right of persons belonging to minorities. Due to significant amount of cases and given the importance of discussed issues, the analysis is restricted to three topics: names, education and political participation. The case law has set some important standards in those areas. In most of the analyzed aspects the approach of both organs has been the same, for example in regard to names and surnames of persons belonging to national minorities. The research also showed areas in which the case law was not consistent – while examining cases concerning the same French law regarding wearing of religious clothing by students in state schools, the UN Committee, contrary to the Court, found a violation by the state. However, in the vast majority of studied subjects, the jurisprudence of the Court and Committee is very similar and allows to formulate an international standard of national minority protection. Among national minorities indigenous people enjoy in some aspects greater protection than other groups, which is particularly evident in the Committee decisions.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2014, 1 (197); 7-28
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Normy ius cogens w orzeczeniach i opiniach doradczych Międzyamerykańskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
    Autorzy:
    Lis, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788229.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-07-22
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    prawo międzynarodowe
    normy ius cogens
    Międzyamerykański Trybunał Praw Człowieka
    sądy
    opinie doradcze
    Inter-American Court of Human Rights
    ius cogens norms
    international law
    judgements
    advisory opinions
    Opis:
    The concept of ius cogens norms is one of the most controversial issue in the international law. These norms were definied in the art. 53 of Vienna Convention on the law of treaties of 1969, according to which ius cogens norm it is a norm accepted and recognized by the international community of States as a whole as a norm from which no derogation is permitted and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of the international law having the same character. This definition indicates that these norms limit the ability of States of creation or change the norms of the international law. However, the indicated definition does not include examples, scope and substance of ius cogens norms. In the commentary to the art. 50 of the draft articles on the law of treaties the International Law Commission stated that substance of these norms will be worked out in the States’ practice and in the judicial decisions of international courts . Contrary to International Court of Justice Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR), in its judicial decisions in great measure widened the scope and the substance of ius cogens norms. Consequently, IACtHR has developed a progressive case law in this realm. In separate opinion, in the case Caesar v. Trinidad and Tobago from 2005, judge A.A. Conçado Trindade concluded that the IACtHR, in identification of ius cogens norms, have done more than any other international court. In its judgements and advisory opinions IACtHR recognized that e.g. forced going missing, tortures, discriminations, extrajudicial executions are the infringements of ius cogens norms. Taking into consideration jurisprudence of the IACtHR it is hard to say on what grounds it was prescribed that a given norm is forming a part of ius cogens. This article analyses the way the IACtHR identified ius cogens norms. Therefore it was indispensable to define its competence ratione materiae. Next, taking into consideration the gravity and the nature of infringement and the fact that all infringements of human rights which have been described simultaneously constitute violation of other human rights, this paper is limited only to three of them. It also outlines what functions, in the jurisprudence of IACtHR, fulfil the attribution to the norms the status of ius cogens norms.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2017, 2 (210); 31-66
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Brak obowiązku uzasadnienia i uzasadnienie skrócone a prawo do sądu
    Autorzy:
    Rzucidło-Grochowska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788200.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-09-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    obowiązek uzasadnienia
    uzasadnienie skrócone
    prawo do sądu
    prawa człowieka
    orzecznictwo
    Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka
    justifying a judgement
    shortened justification
    right to fair trial
    right to access to the court
    human rights
    judicial decisions
    European Court of Human Rights
    Opis:
    The right to fair trial and access to the court is interpreted by European Court of Human Rights in a wide manner. Amongst these rulings, there are numerous judicial opinions, where ECHR addesses the problem of giving grounds for judicial decisions (not mention explicitly in the Convention). Out of that reason we may say that there is possible to notice special element of the general right to due process – right to obtain grounds for judicial decisions. This particular right has many aspects and – at least at the first glance – seems to impose the duty to prepare justifications without exceptions. In practice the situation is yet quite different. ECHR approves some limitations of this duty, that migh arise from different sources. In other words, shortened justifications and lack of the duty to justify may be, under some conditions, compliant with standards set forth by the Convention. The clou of this matter is proportionalization of the justifying process, as well as considering of arguments pro and contra fulfilling maximum standard. Sometimes it is therefore possible that guaranteeing the right to fair trial may be overcome by another values (like promptness of receiving a decision, better governance of judges‘ time and effort, etc.). Considering this issue in a wider perspective, we, hence, cannot try to maximalize one aspects of a standard because, if it may cause obstacles in meeting another elements slocated within it the other rights’ domain.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2014, 4 (200); 61-71
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Specyfika odpowiedzialności za naruszenia Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka związane z działalnością nieuznawanych reżimów – analiza orzecznictwa
    Autorzy:
    Zaręba, Szymon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788174.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Europejska Konwencja Praw Człowieka
    nieuznawane reżimy
    Międzynarodowy Trybunał Sprawiedliwości
    MTS
    naruszenie prawa
    odpowiedzialność międzynarodowa
    orzecznictwo
    państwa trzecie
    European Court of Human Rights
    unrecognized regimes
    International Court of Justice
    ICJ
    infringement of the law
    international responsibility
    judicial decisions
    third state
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to compare the way in which the issue of responsibility for violations related to the acts of unrecognized authorities claiming to be States is treated by the European Court of Human Rights and other international courts, particularly the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. The article considers in detail the relations between jurisdiction and responsibility, responsibility of parent States (including the concept of “positive obligations”) and responsibility of States which provide assistance to unrecognized regimes (with emphasis put on the concept of “effective control”). The results of the study indicate that the jurisprudence of the European Court differs in several important aspects from decisions of other international courts. These differences, while undoubtedly enhancing the protection of human rights in Europe, contribute to the process of fragmentation of the law of international responsibility.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2016, 3 (207); 27-66
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stereotypy dotyczące płci a przemoc wobec kobiet w dorobku prawnomiędzynarodowym. Od identyfikacji do kształtowania instrumentów prawnych
    Autorzy:
    Sękowska-Kozłowska, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788179.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    przemoc wobec kobiet
    prawo międzynarodowe
    Międzynarodowy Trybunał Praw Człowieka
    Konwencja Stambulska
    Konwencja o zapobieganiu i zwalczaniu przemocy wobec kobiet i przemocy domowej
    regulacje prawne
    przemoc
    kobiety
    płeć
    dyskryminacja
    violence against women
    international law
    European Court of Human Rights
    Committee on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
    regulation by law
    violence
    women
    discrimination
    Opis:
    The obligation to counteract gender stereotypes resulting in discrimination against women, including violence against women, was anchored in international law by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women of 1979. The article aims to demonstrate that although the relevant regulations are of a very general nature, the recognition of this issue in international law allowed the particular instruments which may counteract violence against women to be developed. The international output in this matter may be divided into two key stages – a stage of recognition of particular stereotypes in the case law of international human rights bodies and a stage of development of legal instruments aimed to counteract gender stereotyping. Thus the article attempts to link the stereotypes identified in the practice of the Committee on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the European Court of Human Rights with instruments developed in the most comprehensive international treaty concerning the violence against women, i.e. the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence of 2011.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2016, 2 (206); 7-29
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Błędne uzasadnienie orzeczenia (art. 184 p.p.s.a.) a prawo do sądu
    Autorzy:
    Zaorski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788198.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-09-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    błędne uzasadnienie orzeczenia
    prawo do sądu
    prawa człowieka
    błąd
    postępowanie sądowoadministracyjne
    Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny
    erroneous justification of the judgement
    right to fair trial
    human rights
    error
    administrative proceeding
    Supreme Administrative Court
    Opis:
    The Supreme Administrative Court shall dismiss the cassation appeal if the challenged decision despite the erroneous reasoning corresponds to the right (art. 184 in fi ne p.p.s.a.). In an article in the context of this provision is presented right to fair trial (as a rule of law and the individual’s right). The author concludes that the wording of the provision does not affect right to fair trial. In his opinion, for thesis of compliance art. 184 in fi ne p.p.s.a. with right to fair trail speaks one of the basic elements making up this right. This element is a guarantee for hear the case without undue delay (in a reasonable time). At the same time the author notes that the application of that provision in certain situations may violate the right to a fair trial. In the article this problem illustrated judgments of the Supreme Administrative Court. The author shows how the Supreme Administrative Court shall give reasons for its decisions, so as not to violate the right to fair trail.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawnicze; 2014, 4 (200); 173-187
    0039-3312
    2719-4302
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawnicze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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