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    Tytuł:
    Organizacja Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów w okresie II wojny światowej
    Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists during the Second World War
    Autorzy:
    Ziętek, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953893.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Organizacja Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów
    OUN
    OUN-B
    OUN-M
    banderowcy
    melnykowcy
    Ukraińska Powstańcza Armia
    ukraiński ruch nacjonalistyczny
    II wojna światowa
    Ukraina
    Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
    Ukrainian nationalists supporting Bandera
    Ukrainian nationalists supporting Melnyk
    Ukrainian Insurgent Army
    Ukrainian nationalist movement
    World War II
    Ukraine
    Opis:
    The outbreak of World War II found the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) divided into two fractions: the supporters of Stepan Bandera and those of Andrij Melnyk. The conflict was based on differences on the strategy of struggle for independence as well as on the generation conflict. Bandera, representing young national activists, was of the opinion that OUN's actions in the lands occupied by the Soviets should be intensified, and its politics should be independent of any outer factors. Melnyk, in turn, who managed the OUN's Prowid, (Leadership) was supported by Ukrainian emigration circles – by veterans of World War I and of struggle for independence of the years 1917-1921. He represented the conservative wing, opting for a closer collaboration with the Third Reich, in whose politics he saw the factor that could change the Versailles order. In the years 1940-1941 the final split happened in the OUN. Two organizations emerged, which started fighting each other: OUN-M [supporters of Melnyk] and OUN-B [supporters of Bandera]. Despite the differences concerning the strategy, both the fractions collaborated to a varying degree with the Germans, getting their support for their own initiatives on the self-government, cultural, economic and military planes. Both Bandera's and Melnyk's groups treated the German aggression on the USSR as a breakthrough in their attempts to regain independence. However, too much activity, as well as too much autonomy in them, especially on the side of Bandera's camp, that exceeded the limits set by the German leaders, led to a change in German policy towards the Ukrainian nationalists and to use of repressions against them. This, in turn, made the two fractions pass to the underground, which starting from 1942 assumed the form of resistance movement. The greatest achievement of the nationalist resistance movement was forming the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) that ultimately was controlled by OUN-B. UPA started to fight at the same time the German occupational troops, the Soviet guerillas and the Polish underground forces striving after independence. OUN-B and UPA are also responsible for mass murders they committed on Polish inhabitants of Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. Starting with 1943 the nationalist movement represented by OUN-B and OUN-M started slowly to depart from extreme nationalism and the fascist principle of leadership, accepting the rules of pluralism and democracy.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2004, 52, 2; 81-106
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Działania grupy operacyjnej „Hrubieszów” na terenie powiatów hrubieszowskiego i tomaszowskiego po zakończeniu akcji „Wisła”
    Operations of the Military Group „Hrubieszów” on the Area of the Hrubieszów and Tomaszów Districts After the End of the Action „Wisła”
    Autorzy:
    Ziętek, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954372.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Działania Grupy Operacyjnej „Hrubieszów”
    28 Taktyczny Odcinek UPA „Danyliw”
    III Okręg OUN
    Akcja „Wisła”
    Military operations of the “Hrubieszów” Group
    of 1947
    28th Tactical Sector of UPA “Danyliw”
    3rd District of OUN
    Action “Wisła”
    Opis:
    The article presents one of the little known episodes of the Polish-Ukrainian fights carried on in the 40-ties on the area of the Hrubieszów and Tomaszów districts. Large-scale dislodgement of Ukrainians to the so-called Regained “Territories” carried out within the “Wisła” scheme in the summer of 1947 and anti-guerilla operations of the Polish Army (WP), Army Security Corps (KBW) and Civic Militia (MO) accompanying it, did not result in complete suppression of the Ukrainian nationalist movement OUN-UPA that was active in the south-east part of the Lublin Province. As it was necessary to definitely rid the region of the remains of “Berkut's” troops, the commanders of the Operation Group “Wisła”, before it was disbanded on 31 July, decided to leave two infantry regiments in the Lublin Province and together with the subordinate KBW units to form a special Operation Group “Hrubieszów”. On the basis of the experiences of the past battles between WP and UPA the commander of the Group, Brigadier-General Mieczysław Melenas, accepted an organizational model of the Group that was different from the one that was standing; it made it possible to overcome small, scattered and hiding in underground hiding-places guerilla troops. Giving up ineffective and requiring a lot of soldiers round-ups and combing out woods was a new solution in the sphere of tactics; instead, small, mobile groups of soldiers were used that made use of some elements of guerilla warfare, like surprise, ambushes, or manoeuvering during the night. Special operations consistently carried out by the “Hrubieszów” Group made it possible to finally suppress the Ukrainian guerillas in the Tomaszów and Hrubieszów districts, although the core of the Ukrainian forces, including the commander of the 6th District of UPA "Sian" Mirosław Onyszkiewicz as well as the headquarters of the 28th Tactical Sector "Danyliw" and the commanders of the 3rd District of OUN managed to escape from the area and get to the so-called “Regained Territories” or to the American Occupation Zone in Germany. It is worth stressing the fact that although the archives of the 3rd Infantry Division were accessible in the past years, the problem of participation of WP in suppressing UPA on the area of the Lublin Province after completing the “Wisła” scheme has not been thoroughly researched until now. Only some documents were used that fragmentarily showed the issue.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2002, 50, 2; 231-248
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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