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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Początki królestwa zwierząt - preludium eksplozji kambryjskiej
    Beginnings of the animal kingdom - prelude to the Cambrian Explosion
    Autorzy:
    Majchrzyk, Aleksander
    Żylińska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20043138.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    eksplozja kambryjska
    ediakar
    pochodzenie zwierząt
    Cambrian Explosion
    Ediacaran
    origin of Metazoa
    Opis:
    The Cambrian Explosion is one of the profound evolutionary events in the history of life on Earth when diverse animal phyla burst into existence almost from nowhere. However, despite this sudden appearance, the fossil record and evolutionary history of animals goes much deeper in time into the Neoproterozoic. This contribution reviews the earliest known faunas, their diversity and ecological complexity. Moreover, specimens of Ediacaran biota from the Polish museum collections are briefly presented.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2022, 70, 8; 571-580
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Skały subwulkaniczne Żeleźniaka w Górach Kaczawskich na tle granitu Karkonoszy
    Subvolcanic rocks of the Żeleźniak intrusion (Kaczawa Mountains) compared with the Karkonosze granite
    Autorzy:
    Machowiak, K.
    Niemczyk, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    granit karkonoski
    skała magmowa
    analiza chemiczna
    Sudety
    geochemical correlation
    co-magmatic origin
    Żeleźniak intrusion
    Karkonosze granite
    Sudetes
    Opis:
    The Żeleźniak intrusion (Kaczawa Mts.) has been usually correlated with the Karkonosze pluton, and a common igneous source of these two bodies was suggested. This paper presents the results of geochemical investigation (main, trace and rare elements) for Żeleźniak igneous rocks and hypothetically related Karkonosze granite (from the Janowice Wielkie area). The preliminary data correlation shows that their co-magmatic origin is rather unlikely.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2006, 54, 1; 51-55
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rola zróżnicowania wytrzymałości skał w genezie rzeźby Masywu Ślęży (Przedgórze Sudeckie)
    The role of spatial variability in rock strength in the origin of relief of the Ślęża Massif (Sudetic Foreland)
    Autorzy:
    Placek, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074511.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    masyw Ślęży
    skała wytrzymała
    pochodzenie rzeźby terenu
    wiertarka Schmidta
    Ślęża Massif
    rock strength
    relief origin
    Schmidt hammer
    Opis:
    This article presents the results of rock hardness tests conducted in the Ślęża Massif to decipher the relationships between the geological structure and relief. It has been shown that all rock types of the massif represent similar mechanical strength. The highest mean strength was found in granite of the western slopes and the foothills of Mt. Ślęża, whereas the lowest strength is typical of gabbro from the central part of the massif, its summit and the eastern and southern slopes. Thus, the traditional concept emphasizing gabbro as being the most resistant rock has not been confirmed. There is also no evidence of higher strength of rocks within the massif, as compared to those in most of its surroundings. Variable mechanical strength is probably responsible for slope mesorelief (mid-slope benches and ridge lines), yet the hypothesis that the resistance of gabbro changes perpendicularly to the contact with granitoid intrusion has not received support. Higher mean Schmidt hammer rebound values and lower standard deviation occurring below 450 m a.s.l. are interpreted as a result of interaction between the structural factor and glacial exaration during the Odra Glaciation.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2007, 55, 10; 861-869
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza czynnikowa jako metoda identyfikacji procesów kształtujących skład chemiczny wód podziemnych
    Factor analysis : groundwater chemistry origin identification method
    Autorzy:
    Dragon, K.
    Jażdzewska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075421.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    analiza czynnikowa
    skład chemiczny wód podziemnych
    podział hydrochemiczny wód
    factor analysis
    groundwater chemistry origin
    groundwater hydrogeochemical zoning
    Opis:
    The article presents the classification of groundwater chemistry origin in the regional aquifer system located in the Wielkopolska region (west Poland). For identification of geochemical processes that affect groundwater chemistry factor analysis was used. Two groups of processes were identified: “anthropogenic” (i.e., caused by human activity) and “geogenic” (i.e., caused by natural geochemical processes). On the background of the natural changes of groundwater chemistry, the influence of ascent water on groundwater chemistry was identified. The presented results demonstrate that factor analyses is a reliable method for differentiation of both: natural and anthropogenic processes influencing groundwater chemistry, particularly during the early phase of anthropogenic groundwater chemistry transformations. The study demonstrates general usefulness of the groundwater chemistry differentiation for support identification of groundwater flow pattern. It also demonstrates the importance of using chemical data to verify multilayer aquifers connectivity.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 10/1; 688--693
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Oliwiny ze skał ultramaficznych masywu Jordanów-Gogołów (ofiolit sudecki)-zapis zróżnicowanych procesów geologicznych
    Olivines from ultramafic rocks of Jordanów-Gogołów Serpentinite Massif (Sudetic ophiolite) - a complex interplay of petrogenetic processes
    Autorzy:
    Dubińska, E.
    Nejbert, K.
    Bylina, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    ofiolit sudecki
    pochodzenie oliviny
    Metamorfizm UHP
    pryzma akrecyjna
    Sudetic ophiolite
    origin of olivines
    UHP metamorphism
    accretionary prism
    Opis:
    Olivines occurring in the Jordanów-Gogołów Serpentinite Massif (JGSM) in the Polish Sudetes were formed during complex series of geological events and processes: growth in the upper mantle; crystallization of ultramafic cumulates at a mid-ocean ridge; ultra-high pressure (UHP) and high pressure metamorphism in a subduction zone; and contact metamorphism related to intrusion of boninitic and/or granitic magmas into the JGSM. The presence of olivine with pseudocleavage and intergrowths of ferrichromite and of pseudospinifex olivine indicates very fast transport from UHP conditions (from depths ca. 410 km) to the surface, similar to the model proposed by Brueckner & van Roermund (2004). The range of metamorphic conditions (from UHP to zeolite facies) recorded by JGSM olivines and also by associated serpentinites indicates that the JGSM is a fragment of an accretionary prism.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 6; 506-515
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena przekształceń chemizmu wód podziemnych w warunkach eksploatacji ujęcia Stara Łubianka-Dobrzyca dla Piły
    Groundwater chemistry changes during exploitation (Stara Łubianka-Dobrzyca well field)
    Autorzy:
    Jażdzewska, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075419.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    analiza czynników
    chemizm wód podziemnych
    hydrochemiczny podział wód gruntowych na strefy
    factor analysis
    groundwater chemistry origin
    groundwater hydrogeochemical zoning
    Opis:
    Stara Łubianka-Dobrzyca well field location is unique in a regional scale due to character of land-use in the recharge area, dominated by forest (about 80% of the area is covered by forest). In the article the evaluation of groundwater chemistry changes during the well field exploitation had been made. For this purpose the detail analysis of land use was carried out. Data derived from groundwater flow model was also use for analyses. The study demonstrates that despite of lack groundwater chemistry changes, due to well field development it will be necessary to establish groundwater protection zone. The new protective monitoring system that includes both groundwater and surface water should be organized.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 10/1; 780--785
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Geneza gazu ziemnego akumulowanego w utworach karbonu i czerwonego spągowca w nadbałtyckiej części Pomorza Zachodniego
    Origin of natural gases accumulated in Carboniferous and Rotliegend strata on the Baltic part of the Western Pomerania
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, M.
    Pokorski, J.
    Grelowski, C.
    Kosakowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074397.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Pomorze Zachodnie
    karbon
    czerwony spągowiec
    gaz ziemny
    izotopy trwałe
    geochemia
    Western Pomerenia
    Carboniferous
    Rotliegend
    petroleum geochemistry
    methane
    gas origin
    stable isotopes
    Opis:
    Origin of natural gas of Gorzysław, Białogard and Daszewo fields from Lower and Upper Carboniferous, and Rotliegend reservoirs on the Baltic part of the Western Pomerania was characterized by means of geochemical methods. The results of molecular analyses as well as stable carbon isotope analyses of methane, ethane, propane and carbon dioxide, stable hydrogen isotope analyses of methane and stable nitrogen isotope analyses of gaseous nitrogen enabled the determination of gas origin. Gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide originated from thermogenic processes from type III kerogen with small component of type II kerogen. At least two phases of gas generation took place: the first one at the stage of 0.6 to 0.8%, and the other one at the stage of 1.4 to 1.8% maturity of source rocks in the vitrinite reflectance scale. Gaseous hydrocarbons generated from source rocks within the Upper Carboniferous (Wesphalian) and Lower Carboniferous (Visean) strata. Nitrogen probably originated during thermocatalytic processes of organic matter transformation and partly in abiogenic processes.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2005, 53, 5; 425--433
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Erazm Sykst i jego koncepcje hydrogeologiczne
    Hydrogeological views and conceptions of Erasmus Sixtus
    Autorzy:
    Dowgiałło, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    gorące źródła
    Szkło w pobliżu Jaworowa
    wody siarkowe
    pochodzenie wód gruntowych i ciepła
    hot springs
    Szkło near Jaworów
    sulphurous water
    origin of groundwater and heat
    Opis:
    Erasmus Sixtus was a remarkably educated physician, social activist and Lvovian municipal dignitary. His “opus magnum” entitled: “About the Szkło Hot Springs” is a book in which he at large discusses questions of spa medical treatment as well as problems of Szkło spring water origin, movement and quality. Although his considerations are based mainly on concepts of antique and medieval philosophers as well as Renaissance physicians, some ideas concerning groundwater origin, and movement, the causes of its high temperature in case of hot springs, contain rudiments of modern hydrogeological thought.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 10/1; 683--687
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potencjał węglowodorowy skał macierzystych i geneza gazu ziemnego akumulowanego w utworach miocenu zapadliska przedkarpackiego w strefie Rzeszowa
    Hydrocarbon potential of source rocks and origin of natural gases accumulated in Miocene strata of the Carpathian Foredeep in Rzeszów area
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, M. J.
    Więcław, D.
    Kosakowski, P.
    Kowalski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074398.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    zapadlisko przedkarpackie
    miocen autochtoniczny
    kopalna substancja organiczna
    geochemia
    potencjał węglowodorowy
    gaz ziemny
    izotopy trwałe
    Carpathian Foredeep
    autochthonous Miocene
    organic matter
    hydrocarbon potential
    methane
    gas origin
    microbial processes
    organic geochemistry
    stable isotopes
    Opis:
    In the autochthonous Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian strata of the Carpathian Foredeep in the Rzeszów area the total organic carbon (TOC) contents vary from 0.02 to 1.26 wt. %(average 0.64 wt. %). Geochemical studies on the dispersed organic matter demonstrated the presence of gas-prone type III (humic) kerogen with small admixtures of algal type II kerogen. At depths less than 2,500 metres the organic matter is immature, thus microbial processes predominated. Methane concentration in natural gases accumulated within Miocene strata usually exceeded 94 vol. %and was generated by microbial reduction of carbon dioxide. Microbial methane was generated mainly during deposition of autochthonous Miocene sediments, but it is possible that this process continues today on a small scale. Higher gaseous hydrocarbons (mainly ethane and propane), which are usually minor constituents (concentrations less than 0.4 vol. %), were generated during diagenetic processes and at the initial stage of the low-temperature thermogenic processes. The slight changes in the geochemical indices of dispersed organic matter and isotope ratios of natural gases with depth are evidence of the homogeneity of deposition of humic organic matter in shallow marine basin during the Late Badenian and the Early Sarmatian and the fact that similar gas generation conditions can be found in the Miocene sequence. Generation and accumulation of microbial methane and the formation and charging multiple stacked reservoirs within the autochthonous Miocene strata, e.g., Palikówka, Jasionka, Stobierna and Terliczka deposits, was facilitated by rhythmic and cyclic deposition of clays and sands and their very high sedimentation rate.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2005, 53, 1; 67--76
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mineralizacja Cu-Ag w utworach cechsztynu : zarys historii poszukiwań i badań prowadzonych przez PIG
    Cu-Ag Zechstein-hosted mineralization : an outline of the history and research by the Polish Geological Institute
    Autorzy:
    Oszczepalski, Sławomir
    Chmielewski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    stulecie Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
    złoża Cu-Ag
    60-lecie
    odkrycie
    łupek miedzionośny
    Rote Fäule
    pochodzenie
    przyszłość
    centenary of the Polish Geological Institute
    Cu-Ag deposits
    60th anniversary of discovery
    Kupferschiefer
    origin
    future
    Opis:
    Discovered by J. Wyżykowski in 1957, the Lubin-Sieroszowice deposit is a classic representative of the giant Kupferschiefer-type Cu-Ag stratabound deposit. Its disclosure and documentation was provided by the research work of many geologists of the Polish Geological Institute and many other institutions. During the period of 60 years, the mining and metallurgical industry has been developed to such extent that Poland is now among the world’s major producers of copper and silver. This discovery marked the beginning of the recognition of the S Oszczepalski A Chmielewski deposit and gave rise to further exploration for prospective areas elsewhere in SW Poland. Detailed studies of Rote Fäule alteration have shown that redox boundary is the principal guide to exploration. Later studies of numerous boreholes allowed the researchers to distinguish 38 prospective areas on the reductive side of the redox border and Au-Pt-Pd enrichments in oxidized rocks. The Kupferschiefer-type deposits were long considered classic examples of syngenetic mineralization. However, the close relationship between the occurrence of Cu-Ag orebodies and oxidized altered areas, and ore zones progressively transgressive to bedding relative to the Rote Fäule front indicates that these deposits were formed as a result of fluid-rock interaction caused by ascending migration of moderately low-temperature basinal chloride brinesfrom the underlying red beds within reasonable periods of diagenesis of the reduced hosts. The hematitization was the result of an influx of oxidizing solutions across the centers of oxidized areas that acted as the innermost parts of the telescoped Rote Fäule/ore systems. The early-to-late diagenetic timing of mineralization is constrained by paleomagnetic age of hematite, K-Ar dating of authigenic illite and Re-Os dating of Cu sulfides. The fluid circulation was due to paleogeothermal activity, compactive expulsion, recirculation and (or) seismic movements, corresponding to intracontinental Permian-Triassic rifting. Due to the depletion of shallow resources, extensive deep exploration drilling is required to verify the resource potential in concession prospects existing around the documented deposits. The long-term challenges related to the substantial copper and silver scarcity problems in the future demand for overcoming geological barriers (considerable depths, high overburden pressure, elevated temperature, gas hazard) require the use of innovative technology, creation of favorable investment conditions and preparation of a long-term raw materials strategy.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2019, 67, 7; 587--593
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mineralizacja Cu-Ag w utworach cechsztynu : zarys historii poszukiwań i badań prowadzonych przez PIG
    Cu-Ag Zechstein-hosted mineralization : an outline of the history and research by the Polish Geological Institute
    Autorzy:
    Oszczepalski, Sławomir
    Chmielewski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074287.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    stulecie Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
    złoża Cu-Ag
    60-lecie
    odkrycie
    łupek miedzionośny
    Rote Fäule
    pochodzenie
    przyszłość
    centenary of the Polish Geological Institute
    Cu-Ag deposits
    60th anniversary of the discovery
    Kupferschiefer
    origin
    future
    Opis:
    Discovered by J. Wyżykowski in 1957, the Lubin-Sieroszowice deposit is a classic representative of the giant Kupferschiefer-type Cu-Ag stratabound deposit. Its disclosure and documentation was provided by the research work of many geologists of the Polish Geological Institute and many other institutions. During the period of 60 years, the mining and metallurgical industry has been developed to such extent that Poland is now among the world’s major producers of copper and silver. This discovery marked the beginning of the recognition of the S Oszczepalski A Chmielewski deposit and gave rise to further exploration for prospective areas elsewhere in SW Poland. Detailed studies of Rote Fäule alteration have shown that redox boundary is the principal guide to exploration. Later studies of numerous boreholes allowed the researchers to distinguish 38 prospective areas on the reductive side of the redox border and Au-Pt-Pd enrichments in oxidized rocks. The Kupferschiefer-type deposits were long considered classic examples of syngenetic mineralization. However, the close relationship between the occurrence of Cu-Ag orebodies and oxidized altered areas, and ore zones progressively transgressive to bedding relative to the Rote Fäule front indicates that these deposits were formed as a result of fluid-rock interaction caused by ascending migration of moderately low-temperature basinal chloride brinesfrom the underlying red beds within reasonable periods of diagenesis of the reduced hosts. The hematitization was the result of an influx of oxidizing solutions across the centers of oxidized areas that acted as the innermost parts of the telescoped Rote Fäule/ore systems. The early-to-late diagenetic timing of mineralization is constrained by paleomagnetic age of hematite, K-Ar dating of authigenic illite and Re-Os dating of Cu sulfides. The fluid circulation was due to paleogeothermal activity, compactive expulsion, recirculation and (or) seismic movements, corresponding to intracontinental Permian-Triassic rifting. Due to the depletion of shallow resources, extensive deep exploration drilling is required to verify the resource potential in concession prospects existing around the documented deposits. The long-term challenges related to the substantial copper and silver scarcity problems in the future demand for overcoming geological barriers (considerable depths, high overburden pressure, elevated temperature, gas hazard) require the use of innovative technology, creation of favorable investment conditions and preparation of a long-term raw materials strategy.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2019, 67, 7; 587--593
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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