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    Tytuł:
    Pozycja ustrojowa i rola Parlamentu Federalnego w świetle Konstytucji Federalnej Konfederacji Szwajcarskiej z dnia 18 kwietnia 1999 roku
    The political position and role of the Federal Parliament in the Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation of April 18, 1999
    Autorzy:
    Wilczewska-Furmanek, Ewelina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1050433.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Niepodległości
    Tematy:
    konfederacja szwajcarska
    władza ustawodawcza
    zgromadzenie federalne
    rada narodowa
    rada kantonów
    pozycja ustrojowa i rola parlamentu
    swiss confederation
    legislative power
    federal assembly
    national council
    canton council
    political position and role of parliament
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article is primarily to show the political position and role of the Swiss Federal Parliament; and how the parliament of one of the oldest European republics really works. At the beginning of the article there are preliminary issues concerning the Swiss Confederation, the model of government, separation of powers and organs of each of these authorities. The first part of the article contains issues regarding the structure of both houses of the Parliament – the National Council and the Canton Council and how these chambers were elected and all issues about Constiutional position of both houses of Swiss Federal Parliament. The next part of the article covers issues related to the internal organization of both chambers, as well as the tasks of the members of the Federal Council and the Canton Council. There is also information about the operations of both chambers. The four and final part of the article concerns the function of Parliament, in particular the legislative, control, judical and creative function. The ending of the article provides a summary of the above-mentioned considerations.
    Źródło:
    Prawo i Polityka; 2019, 9; 135-153
    2080-5799
    Pojawia się w:
    Prawo i Polityka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formalne determinanty pozycji przywódców w strukturach pozaparlamentarnych partii politycznych w Polsce
    Formal determinants of the position of leaders in the structures of non-parliamentary parties in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Hartliński, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/520276.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Niepodległości
    Tematy:
    przywódca partyjny
    organizacja partii
    demokracja wewnątrzpartyjna
    partie polityczne
    Polska
    party leader
    party organization
    intra-party democracy
    political parties
    Polska
    Opis:
    The study is aimed at analysing the statutes of 76 political parties and constitutes an attempt at characterising the formal position of party leaders in the structures of Polish non-parliamentary parties. Formal conditions determining leadership in non-parliamentary parties may be characterised with references to a few issues. Almost all of such parties have either of two formally determined positions of the leader. This is chairman (35) and president (33). In the majority of the parties (44) the position of the leader is an independent body set apart in their organisational structure. In fewer parties, the leader is the head of a collegiate body. Classifying the hierarchy of party bodies, in the greatest number of cases the leader was not set apart (29). If it was done, the leader received the second (20) or the third (14) position. The leader almost always, as a result of the position he occupies, becomes a member of other key bodies in the party. In slightly more than half of the parties (39), the leader has an opportunity to decide about the choice of his closest collaborators thanks to the right to propose candidates to take such positions. The length of the term in office is also different in different parties, although the most common period is 4 years (31 parties). In 63 out of 71 parties the leader is chosen by the delegates of local structures during a national congress. As regards the proposed research hypothesis, non-parliamentary parties do not significantly differ from the mainstream parties. There are no considerable disproportions with reference to the applied terminology, selecting various bodies, solutions concerning terms of office, automatic election to the most important decision-making bodies, as well as methods of selecting the leaders. The only difference concerns the fact that in non-parliamentary parties the leader is often not set apart against other party bodies, which is a situation quite rare among the main political parties. As far as the distinguished indexes are concerned, there is of course some degree of variation, yet both parliamentary as well as non-parliamentary parties show similar tendencies in formal positioning of the leaders in their structures.
    Źródło:
    Prawo i Polityka; 2015, 6; 40-64
    2080-5799
    Pojawia się w:
    Prawo i Polityka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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