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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    International and Municipal Law before the World Court: One or Two Legal Orders?
    Autorzy:
    Tomka, Peter
    Howley, Jessica
    Proulx, Vincent-Joël
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-07-26
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    International Court of Justice
    Permanent Court of International Justice
    international courts
    international tribunals
    international law
    domestic law
    monism
    dualism
    judicial interpretation
    sources
    evidence
    Opis:
    This article provides an overview of the approach taken by the International Court of Justice and its predecessor, the Permanent Court of International Justice, to questions of municipal law. Beginning with an outline of the theoretical framework, it discusses the conventional position that domestic law is a factual issue for the Court, before considering the ways in which the two Courts have utilised municipal law. It also considers to what extent the Court employs domestic law in ascertaining international legal rules.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2015, 35; 11-46
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problems surrounding arrest warrants issued by the International Criminal Court: a decade of judicial practice
    Autorzy:
    Dłubak, Aleksandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706952.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    international law
    international criminal law
    international criminal justice
    International Criminal Court
    ICC
    arrest warrant
    Opis:
    Certain aims of international criminal justice, such as prosecution and the punishment of perpetrators of international crimes, can be achieved through the international institutions created to administer justice. However, one of the essential requirements is to ensure the suspect’s presence at trial. The measures provided for in the Rome Statute to facilitate the International Criminal Court in fulfilling this condition and initiating proper proceedings include the issuance of arrest warrants and subsequent requests for arrest and surrender. Although a binding legal obligation exists under the Rome Statute with respect to States Parties, nonetheless inter-state cooperation has proven extremely difficult to obtain. There are many reasons for this, however problems of a legal and political nature are identified as the two main areas of obstacles. There are some measures that can be taken in order to prevent the occurrence of problems relating to arrest warrants. The Office of the Prosecutor and the Pre-Trial Chambers have certain powers that can positively affect the execution of arrest warrants. These organs aim to establish a positive cooperation network, both with the States Parties and non-Party States. By using the powers of external bodies, the ICC may attempt to establish favourable circumstances which would increase the effectiveness of arrest warrants.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2012, 32; 209-237
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Book review: Robert Kolb, The International Court of Justice, Hart Publishing, Oxford: 2013
    Autorzy:
    Krzan, Bartlomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706884.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    book review
    PCIJ
    ICJ
    International Court of Justice
    international law
    Opis:
    Review of a book: Robert Kolb, The International Court of Justice, Hart Publishing, Oxford: 2013
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 313-317
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Legal Obligation to Prevent Genocide: Bosnia v Serbia and Beyond
    Autorzy:
    Forlati, Serena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706756.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    genocide
    responsibility to protect
    ICJ
    International Court of Justice
    Opis:
    This article assesses the impact of legal rules aimed at preventing genocide. The specific features of the legal obligation to prevent genocide are analyzed in light of the current debate on the “responsibility to protect” and the ICJ’s stance on the issue in Bosnia v Serbia. While the content of positive obligations such as the one under discussion is usually elaborated through the case law of judicial or quasi-judicial bodies, the ICJ refrained from doing so, stating that only manifest breaches of the obligation to prevent genocide give rise to international responsibility. The author seeks an explanation for the reasons underlying such an approach, and tries to identify other ways in which legal standards in the field of genocide prevention could be developed.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 189-205
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Judicial Review of Security Council Decisions – A Modern Vision of the Administration of Justice?
    Autorzy:
    Richter, Dagmar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706707.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Security Council
    judicial review
    denial of justice
    judicial self-restraint
    jurisdiction
    International Court of Justice
    principle of loyalty
    UN
    administration of justice
    international law
    Opis:
    The Security Council’s new activism, particularly in the field of “individualized sanctions”, gives impetus to the debate on whether, and to what extent, the most powerful organ of the UN should be subject to judicial review. This article analyses and categorizes the various strategies already employed in international courts, such as, e.g., “denial of justice”, incidental control, full review of implementing acts, the “as-long-as” rule, and various instruments of judicial self-restraint. The author suggests that “jurisdiction”, understood as encompassing the procedural aspects of the problem, should be regarded as a “door-opener” to judicial review. As regards its substantive dimension, the existence of primary responsibilities on both sides (the Security Council and the judiciary) should be taken into consideration. The author demonstrates that the principle of loyalty and cooperation means, on the one hand, respect by the Security Council for judicial review from inside of the UN system, and on the other hand, respect for Security Council prerogatives from external courts. Taking into account the evolution of a duty of loyal cooperation between different systems within the global legal order, and in expectation that the ICJ will defend the international rule of law, we may speak of a “modern vision of the administration of justice.”
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2012, 32; 271-297
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Advisory Opinion on Kosovo’s Declaration of Independence: Hopes, Disappointments and Its Relevance to Crimea
    Autorzy:
    Värk, René
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    annexation
    Crimea
    declaration of independence
    ICJ
    International Court of Justice
    Kosovo
    Russian Federation
    Ukraine
    Opis:
    The international community anxiously awaited delivery of the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Kosovo’s declaration of independence, hoping it would clarify the controversial right of self-determination and the right of secession. Although it was hailed by many as a confirmation of both rights, the advisory opinion was disappointing regarding that part of the analysis which was based on general international law. The ICJ interpreted the question posed in a very narrow and formalistic way. It concluded that declarations of independence (not their consequences) are not in violation of international law, but it did not rule that they are in accordance with international law, as was requested in the posed question. The ICJ refused to examine whether there is a positive entitlement to secession under international law. Although Kosovo and its supporters claimed that the case of Kosovo is unique and will not set a precedent, Russia used the case of Kosovo and the advisory opinion to justify the so-called referendum in Crimea and the subsequent incorporation of Crimea into Russia. However, the situation in Crimea is only superficially comparable to Kosovo and the advisory opinion gives little or no support in the case of Crimea.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 115-131
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Original Sin Reaffirmed: The Nicaragua Judgement’s Impact on the Notion of Armed Attack as the Most Grave Form of the Use of Force
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706871.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    aggression
    armed attack
    ICJ
    International Court of Justice
    jus ad bellum
    Nicaragua
    use of force
    Opis:
    This article is referenced to the thirtieth anniversary of the ICJ’s Nicaragua judgement on the merits of 1986. It acknowledges the significance of this much-debated judgement for the modern international law on the use of force (jus ad bellum). However the text focuses on one aspect of the judgement only, i.e. the definition of the notion of “armed attack” as the most grave form of the use of force. The impact of the judgement in this respect is critically analysed. It is argued that the introduction to the UN Charter text of undefined notions of the use of force, aggression, and armed attack may be labelled as the “original sin” of contemporary jus ad bellum, as it results in conceptual obscurity. It is also claimed that the ICJ reaffirmed this original sin in its Nicaragua judgement because it explicitly argued for the notion of “armed attack” as the most grave form of the use of armed force and, in consequence, distinguished it from the other, lesser forms of the use of force, while failing to introduce any sort of clarity in the conceptual ambiguity of jus ad bellum. The article also offers some remarks de lege ferenda and suggests abandoning the gravity criterion, which would require abandoning the well-established judicial and doctrinal interpretation approaches to jus ad bellum.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2016, 36; 37-50
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Krzysztof Skubiszewski and the Right to Self-determination: Past and Future
    Autorzy:
    Hilpold, Peter
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706595.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-10-26
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Chagos Islands
    East Timor
    human rights
    ICJ
    International Court of Justice
    self-determination
    Skubiszewski
    in memoriam
    Opis:
    In 1995, Professor Krzysztof Skubiszewski added a Dissenting Opinion to the East Timor Judgment, wherein the ICJ declined jurisdiction in a proceeding started by Portugal against Australia for its having concluded the East Timor Gap treaty with Indonesia, in blatant violation of the East Timorese’s right to self-determination. Ad-hoc Judge Skubiszewski posited that the Court should have accepted jurisdiction and he presented a series of convincing arguments for this proposition. In 2019 the ICJ rendered an Opinion in the Chagos Islands case. The fact that the ICJ accepted jurisdiction in this case demonstrates that an impressive development has taken place since 1995, one whereby many of Professor Skubiszewski’s requests have been implemented. At the same time however, the Chagos Opinion is not fully satisfying as it neglects, to a considerable extent, the human rights issue. This contribution shows that Skubiszewski’s Dissenting Opinion would have provided guidance also for these questions and that it remains as topical today as it was in 1995.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 21-35
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uses and Underuses of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination at the International Court of Justice
    Autorzy:
    Balcerzak, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706933.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
    International Court of Justice
    Committee on the elimination of Racial Discrimination
    provisional measures
    human rights
    Opis:
    As many as three international disputes containing allegations of infringement of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) have been brought before the International Court of Justice (ICJ), thus contributing to the number of cases allowing the Court to pronounce itself on the international human rights law. Even though none of the cases invoking violations of ICERD has been (yet) adjudicated on the merits, they have already provided an opportunity to clarify (at least in part) the compromissory clause enshrined in Art. 22 of ICERD, as well as to tackle some other issues related to provisional measures ordered by the Court. This article discusses the ICJ’s approaches to the application of ICERD in the three above-mentioned cases, while posing the question whether indeed the 1965 Convention can be useful as a tool for settling inter-state disputes. The author claims that ICERD and the broad definition of “racial discrimination” set out in its Art. 1 constitute cornerstones for the international protection of human rights, though the recourse to the procedures provided in Art. 22 of ICERD – vital as they are – should not necessarily be perceived as a better alternative to the inter-state procedures and the functions exercised by the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD).
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2018, 38; 11-27
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Lubanga Reparations Decision: A Missed Opportunity?
    Autorzy:
    Swart, Mia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706877.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    Lubanga
    International Criminal Court
    ICC
    international law
    international criminal law
    reparations
    war crime
    justice
    Opis:
    In March 2012 the ICC delivered its first and long-awaited judgment in Prosecutor v Lubanga. Trial Chamber I found Thomas Lubanga guilty as co-perpetrator of the war crimes of conscripting and enlisting children into the armed forces. The guilty verdict was followed by a reparations decision on 7 August 2012. This article examines the extent to which the ICC has successfully fulfilled its mandate to formulate reparations principles. The position of reparations within international law generally is discussed. This is followed by an explanation of how the ICC reparation regime functions. The bifurcated reparations mandate of the ICC is also explained. The focus of the article is on a critical assessment of the Lubanga reparations decision. The Court’s treatment of the harm requirement and the requirement of causation is examined. It is argued that the Court’s failure to clarify the requirements of “harm” and “causation” meant that it did not fulfil its mandate to formulate reparations principles.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2012, 32; 169-188
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Book Review: Antonio Augusto Cançado Trindade, The Access of Individuals to International Justice, Oxford University Press, Oxford: 2011
    Autorzy:
    Kałduński, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706892.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-10-26
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    book review
    international law
    access to justice
    jus cogens
    Opis:
    Review of a book: Antonio Augusto Cançado Trindade, The Access of Individuals to International Justice, Oxford University Press, Oxford: 2011
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 297-303
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Book review: Cheryl Lawther, Luke Moffett and Dov Jacobs (eds.), Research Handbook on Transitional Justice, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham: 2017
    Autorzy:
    Wierczyńska, Karolina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706931.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    international criminal law
    transitional justice
    protection of victims
    truth commissions
    Opis:
    Review of a book: Cheryl Lawther, Luke Moffett and Dov Jacobs (eds.), Research Handbook on Transitional Justice, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham: 2017
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2017, 37; 320-323
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    International Economic Law in the 21st Century: Need for Stronger “Democratic Ownership” and Cosmopolitan Reforms
    Autorzy:
    Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    international economic law
    human rights
    EU
    European Union
    WTO
    justice
    Opis:
    Most worldwide monetary, financial, trade and environmental agreements fail to protect international public goods (like prevention of climate change, transnational rule of law for the benefit of citizens) effectively and do not even mention human rights and consumer welfare. This contribution argues that the prevailing “Westphalian conceptions” of international economic law (IEL) as “international law among states”, “global administrative law”, multilevel economic regulation and international “conflicts law” must be “civilized” and “constitutionalized” by limiting multilevel governance through legal and judicial protection of cosmopolitan rights empowering citizens – as “democratic owners of IEL” – to hold their government agents more accountable for their obvious “governance failures”. Sections 1 to 10 discuss ten areas of IEL where the need for stronger protection of human rights is increasingly recognized. Sections 11 and 12 infer from the citizen-driven transformations of international investment law and European common market law that “market failures”, “governance failures” and related abuses of public and private power in international economic relations can be limited by empowering citizens and “courts of justice” to protect transnational rule of law for the benefit of citizens. The article criticizes the EU institutions for their nondemocratic assertion of “freedoms to violate international law” to the detriment of EU citizens, and discusses the links between the current financial and economic growth crises in the European Monetary Union and the persistent violations by most EU countries of their agreed fiscal and debt legal disciplines. If the main objective of law is to “institutionalize public reason” protecting citizens and their human rights, IEL requires far-reaching cosmopolitan reforms in the 21st century.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 9-46
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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