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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 28
Tytuł:
The Security Council and the Obligation to Prevent Genocide and War Crimes
Autorzy:
Zimmermann, Andreas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Security Council
Geneva Convention
Genocide Convention
genocide
war crime
Opis:
This article addresses the question of the obligations of both the Security Council as such, as well of its individual members (including the five permanent members), when faced with genocide or in situations where violations of the Geneva Conventions are being committed, given that the contracting parties of the Genocide Convention are under a positive obligation to prevent genocide and are under an obligation to secure respect for the provisions of the Geneva Conventions.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2012, 32; 307-314
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Historical Situations” in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg
Autorzy:
Kaminski, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706650.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
EUROPEAN CONVENTION
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
THE CONVENTION
THE COURT
Opis:
This Article investigates how the European Court of Human Rights becomes competent to make decisions in cases concerning (or taking roots in) 'historical situations' preceding the ratification of the European Convention by a given Member State or even the enactment of the Convention. 'Historical situations' refer to events that occurred in the period of Second World War or shortly thereafter. In all such cases, the preliminary question arises whether the Court is competent temporally (ratione temporis) to deal with the application. This group of cases concerned usually allegations touching upon the right to life and the right to property. The Court had to decide if the allegation in question related to a temporally closed event (making the Court not competent) or rather to a continuous violation (where the Court could adjudicate). A specific set of legal questions arose vis-a-vis the right to life, first of all that of the autonomy of the procedural obligation to conduct an efficient investigation. The Strasbourg case law did not provide a clear answer. However, following two crucial judgements rendered by the Grand Chamber, the Court has established an interesting legal framework. Article analyses also two other situations having a historical dimension: bringing to justice those accused of war crimes or other crimes under international law (in light of the alleged conflict with the principle of nullum crimes sine lege) and pursuing authors of pro-Nazi statements or speech denying the reality of Nazi atrocities.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2010, 30; 9-60
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Treaty Interpretation by the Polish Administrative Courts: A Case Study of the Interpretation of the 1972 Prague Convention
Autorzy:
Zaręba, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
1972 Prague Convention
Polish practice in international law
VCLT
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
Opis:
This article analyses the practice of the Polish administrative courts with respect to application of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, based on a case study of the judgment of the Voivodship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 6 May 2014 (case no. II SA/Wa 117/14), which concerned the recognition of distance learning degrees awarded by Ukrainian universities pursuant to the 1972 Prague Convention. It is argued herein that the reasoning of the court suffers from four major drawbacks: 1) it is at variance with the text, object and purpose of the Prague Convention; 2) it does not take into account the practice in the application of that treaty; 3) it misinterprets the silence of the preparatory work to the Prague Convention on certain issues; and 4) it is inconsistent with international judicial decisions as regards the interpretation of the “special meaning” of one of the terms used in the Convention.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 285-301
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does the Victim of a Crime Have the Right to a Fair Trail? Remarks on the Protection of Crime Victims in the Light of the Guarantees in the European Convention on Human Rights
Autorzy:
Mezykowska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
ECHR
European Convention on Human Rights
victim of crime
Opis:
None of the provisions guaranteeing the right to a fair trial contained in the principal international agreements were explicitly drafted to assure such a right to victims of crimes. Therefore, over the last two decades one could observe a shift in the attitude of the European Court of Human Rights towards the rights of victims, in order to extend the protection granted under the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights to victims taking part in criminal proceedings. The Court directly extends the rights of victims by elaborating the procedural obligations of States (mainly under Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention), and through a broader understanding of the concept of civil rights and obligations, which enables the extension of the guarantees granted under Article 6 to victims participating in criminal proceedings. The purpose of this analysis is to attempt to answer the questions: under what circumstances in criminal proceedings may victims benefit from the right to a fair trial, and to what extent are they entitled to claim the protection of the guarantees provided for under the Convention?
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 285-313
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Book review: Lukasz Gruszczynski (ed.), The Regulation of E-cigarettes: International, European and National Challenges, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham: 2019
Autorzy:
Saganek, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
book review
e-cigarettes
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
WTO
EU
GATT
Opis:
Review of a book: Lukasz Gruszczynski (ed.), The Regulation of E-cigarettes: International, European and National Challenges, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham: 2019
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 291-295
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Book review: Uladzislau Belavusau: Freedom of Speech: Importing European and US Constitutional Models in Transitional Democracies, Routledge 2013, pp. 304
Autorzy:
Gliszczyńska-Grabias, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706927.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
book review, international law, freedom of speech, European Convention on Human Rights
Opis:
Book review of Uladzislau Belavusau: Freedom of Speech: Importing European and US Constitutional Models in Transitional Democracies, Routledge 2013.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 371-377
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reckoning with the Communist Past in Poland Thirty Years After the Regime Change in the Light of the European Convention on Human Rights
Autorzy:
Wójcik, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
decommunisation
European Convention on Human Rights
Polska
reduction of retirement pensions
transitional justice
Opis:
The article discusses the point of interconnection between historical policy and international human rights law standards on the example of a so-called decommunisation Act enacted in Poland in 2016 that reduces retirement pensions and other benefts to individuals who were employed or in service in selected state formations and institutions in 1944-1990, amending the Act adopted in 2009. The Act of 16 December 2016 is analyzed in the light of the standards of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), including relevant standards on coming to terms with the past as an element of transitional justice. The examination concludes that there is a discrepancy between the rationale for adopting this legislation in Poland, namely to reckon with the communist past and as such increase social trust in state institutions, and the legal solutions contained in the 2016 Act.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 135-157
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The development of the international law concerning the protection of underwater cultural heritage: remarks on the occasion of the accession of Poland to the 2001 UNESCO convention
Autorzy:
Marciniak, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
2001 UNESCO Convention
Law of the Sea
UNCLOS
underwater archaeology
underwater cultural heritage
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2020, 40; 109-127
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Court of Justice of the European Union and the Protection of Fundamental Rights Source: Polish Yearbook of International Law
Autorzy:
Lenaerts, Koen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Charter of Fundamental Rights
European Union
Treaty of Lisbon
European Convention on Human Rights
ECHR
Opis:
The present contribution looks at the protection of fundamental rights under EU law, paying special attention to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter) which, since the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, enjoys “the same legal value as the Treaties”. First, by looking at the recent case law of the European Court of Justice, it explores the scope of application of the Charter. Second, it examines the conditions that the limitations on the exercise of the rights and freedoms recognised by the Charter must fulfil in order to be valid. Third, it looks at the interaction between, on the one hand, the Charter and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and between, on the other hand, the Charter and the constitutional traditions common to the Member States. Finally, a brief conclusion contains some remarks as to the requirements private applicants must fulfil in order to build strategic human rights cases successfully.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 79-106
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Katyń Massacre before the European Court of Human Rights: A Personal Account
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
European Court of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights, Katyn, war crime, NKVD, Janowiec
Opis:
The author of this article, the lead lawyer for the applicants in the case relating to the 1940 Katyń massacre (Janowiec and Others v. Russia), provides a personal account of the case that was heard twice by the European Court of Human Rights, first as a chamber of seven judges and then in its Grand Chamber formation. The case concerned the key question of whether the Strasbourg Court is competent to adjudicate on the effectiveness of a domestic investigation when the triggering act (killing) precedes the ratification date of the European Convention on Human Rights. For the first time in its entire history, the Strasbourg Court examined whether its competence could be based on the “need to ensure the respect for the Convention’s founding values”, one prong of the test elaborated in the Silih judgment in 2009. The critical assessment of the Grand Chamber’s Katyń judgment offered in this article is based on two considerations: what the Court omitted (the applicants’ arguments referring to the relevant international law practice) and what the Court finally elaborated as its understanding of the two tests establishing the Court’s competence ratione temporis (the “genuine connection” test and “Convention values” test).
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 205-226
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal Obligations of Poland Regarding the Restitution of Private Property Taken during World War II and by the Communist Regime in Light of the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights
Autorzy:
Mężykowska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
communism
European Court of Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights
nationalization
restitution of private property
Opis:
The Polish Government’s proposal, submitted in autumn 2017, for a comprehensive reprivatisation bill revived the international discussion on the scope of Polish authorities’ obligations to return property taken during World War II and subsequently by the communist regime. However, many inaccurate and incorrect statements are cited in the discussions, e.g. the argument that the duty of the Polish authorities to carry out restitution is embedded in the European Convention on Human Rights and its Protocol No. 1. This article challenges that claim and analyses the jurisprudence of the Convention’s judicial oversight bodies in cases raising issues of restitution of property taken over in Poland before the accession to both of the above-mentioned international agreements. In the article I argue that there is no legal basis for claiming that there exists a legal obligation upon the Polish State stemming directly from international law – in particular human rights law – to return the property and that the only possibly successful legal claims in this regard are those that can already be derived from the provisions of the Polish law applicable to these kinds of cases. In its latest rulings, issued in 2017–2019, the European Court of Human Rights determined the scope of responsibility incumbent on Polish authorities in this respect.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2019, 39; 111-134
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abiding by and Enforcing International Humanitarian Law in Asymmetric Warfare: the Case of “Operation Cast Lead”
Autorzy:
Zimmermann, Andreas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Operation Cast Lead
Goldstone Report
Palestine
international humanitarian law
war
armed conflict
asymmetric warfare
Geneva Convention
Opis:
“Operation Cast Lead” undertaken by the Israeli armed forces against Hamas forces in the Gaza strip in 2008/2009 raises a significant number of international legal issues. These issues relate to the nature of the military conflict, the legal status of the Gaza strip under international humanitarian law, but also, more generally, to the applicability and suitability of international humanitarian law in such kinds of asymmetric warfare taking place in densely populated areas. Besides, the article also questions at least some of the findings made by the “Goldstone Report” tasked by the United Nations Human Rights Council to investigate alleged violations of international humanitarian law during the armed conflict.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 47-78
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Could It Go So Wrong? Reformatio in Peius before the Grand Chamber of the ECtHR in the case Janowiec and Others v. Russia (or Polish Collective Memory Deceived in Strasbourg)
Autorzy:
Sanz-Caballero, Susana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
European Court of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights, Katyn, war crime, NKVD, Janowiec
Opis:
During Perestroika, Russian authorities admitted publicly that, during Stalinism, a single order led to the extrajudicial execution of 26,000 Polish nationals (in what became known as the “Katyń forest massacre”). In 1990 Russia commenced criminal investigations, but they were discontinued and results were classified as secret in 2004. Following years of silence under communism, families of the victims demanded information from the Russian authorities, without results. The ECHR entered into force in Russia in 1998. This article analyzes the case Janowiec and Others v. Russia, brought before the Strasbourg Court by the relatives of the victims of the Katyń massacre. The applicants maintained that Russia violated the ECHR by discontinuing the investigation and failing to account for the fate of prisoners. In their opinion, Article 2 (right to life), and Article 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman treatment) had been violated. This article compares the reasoning of the Court in the Chamber (2012) and Grand Chamber (2013) rulings. The latter produced a reformatio in peius with respect to the applicants’ interests. Grand Chamber ruled it had no competence either over the atrocity or over the subsequent improper treatment by Russian authorities. With this verdict, it deprived the applicants of the only claim upon which the Chamber had earlier ruled in their favour.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 259-278
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Do the “Underlying Values” of the European Convention on Human Rights Begin in 1950?
Autorzy:
Schabas, William
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706941.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
European Court of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights, Katyn, war crime, NKVD, Janowiec
Opis:
Prior to its ruling in Janowiec and Others v. Russia, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights had recognised a “humanitarian exception” to the general rule by which the procedural obligations imposed by articles 2 and 3 of the European Convention only arise if the substantive violation of the Convention occurs after the entry into force of the Convention for the respondent State. In Janowiec, the Court was invited to apply this “humanitarian exception” to one of the great unpunished atrocities perpetrated on European soil in the past century. The Court declined to do so, mechanistically imposing its own temporal limitation on the “humanitarian exception” by which the substantive violation of the right to life and the prohibition of ill treatment must take place after the adoption of the Convention on 4 November 1950. The essay concludes that this limitation is questionable, that the reasoning behind it is dubious, and that the result is a regrettable confirmation of a situation of impunity.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 247-258
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human Rights and the Denunciation of Treaties and Withdrawal from International Organisations
Autorzy:
Naldi, Gino
Magliveras, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
human rights
international law
denunciation of treaties
vclt
vienna convention on the law of treaties
Opis:
In recent years the international community has witnessed the denunciation of human rights treaties by a number of States, and increasingly voluble voices can be heard urging withdrawal from the European Convention of Human Rights and the European Union. What provision does international law make for dealing with such eventualities? The focus of this article is on the interaction between the law of treaties and human rights, with special attention paid to a distinctive category of treaties. Its purpose is to consider, firstly, the legal problems attached to actual and purported denunciations of, or withdrawals from, human rights treaties; and secondly, the termination of membership in international organisations with a commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. In many instances provision is made for a lawful withdrawal so long as certain conditions are met and stipulated requirements complied with. But a prominent question remains: Do States have a unilateral right, under international law, to extricate themselves from such obligations in the absence of explicit permission to do so? The conclusion reached, in light of the special nature of human rights treaties and frameworks, is that absent a clear implication to the contrary, withdrawal is legally impermissible.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 95-127
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 28

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