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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Nature vs. nurture and the flexibility of gender stereotypes: Counterstereotypical information can both diminish and enhance ingroup stereotyping
    Autorzy:
    Broemer, Philip
    Grabowski, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Stereotypes
    Essentialism
    Social Attribution
    Gender Differences
    Opis:
    The present studies explore how activating concepts pertaining to the origins of interindividual differences affect the processing of stereotypical and counterstereotypical information. The concepts, i.e., nature and nurture, are both assumed to evoke similar stereotypical expectations although nurture implies greater flexibility. The studies show that stereotypical information enhances whereas counterstereotypical information diminishes stereotyping when nurture is activated. In contrast, counterstereotypical evidence challenges what activated nature would suggest and perceivers primed with nature evince stronger stereotyping when they encounter counterstereotypical information. The results also show that priming nature leads perceivers to attribute stereotype conformity to internal causes whereas nurture accredits conformity to situational constraints. Stereotype flexibility is associated with the subjective ease with which perceivers can both imagine counterstereotypical and mentally undo stereotypical evidence.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 2; 251-261
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Work Motives in the Context of Generational Differences, Gender Differences, and Preferred Values
    Autorzy:
    Godlewska-Werner, Dorota
    Peplińska, Aleksandra
    Zawadzka, Anna Maria
    Połomski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129886.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    gender differences
    work motivation
    work values
    generational differences
    Opis:
    Values define the directions of human activities and are related to people’s motivation to undertake specific activities and roles (Schwartz, 1994; Brown, 2002). Researchers and employers observe differences in motivation to work among representatives of different generations and genders (Twenge, Campbell, & Freeman, 2012; Gursoy & Karadag, 2013). In this research project, the authors asked what motivated contemporary employees, whether the intensity of their motives was different in different generations, what relationships there were between the dominant work motives and employees’ dominant values, and whether there were differences between women and men regarding work motives. To verify the hypotheses, they conducted a study with a sample of 307 professionally active people. They used their own Types of Work Motives Questionnaire designed for the purposes of the study and the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ; Wilson & Murrell, 2004). The obtained results indicate that younger employees choose the kind of work that gives them comfort and adequate pay. Regardless of age, however, social security support is the most important for all groups of respondents. For women, security and social security support are important at work. Moreover, the study has shown that there is a relationship between work values and work motives. For example people who appreciate values such as friendship and stability are motivated to work by good relationships and security, those who value recreation and stability are motivated by comfort and salary, those for whom respect and education are crucial are motivated by the possibility of development etc.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2020, 51, 2; 116-125
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exploring the relationship of emotional intelligence with mental health status in polish unemployed persons – differences between men and women
    Autorzy:
    Knopp, Katarzyna A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128279.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Emotional intelligence
    mental health
    gender differences
    unemployment
    Opis:
    This study investigates the relationship between EI and the state of mental health of unemployed persons. Gender differences were also identified in terms of mental health and its correlation with EI. A sample of 160 Polish unemployed persons aged 35 to 45 years filled in self-descriptive measures of EI and mental health. Significant gender differences were found – unemployed women were characterised by a greater intensity of mental health disorders than unemployed men. EI was negatively correlated with mental health disorders, but the correlations were few and weaker than expected. However, when unemployed persons with a low, average and high EI were compared, it turned out that participants with a low EI were characterised by a significantly worse condition of mental health than participants with a average or high EI.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 4; 436-444
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gender differences in allocation choices made by children aged 5 to 6
    Autorzy:
    Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz
    Hełka, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430243.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    social preferences
    selfish preferences
    economic decisions
    children economic decisions
    gender differences
    cultural differences
    Opis:
    The main aim of this article is to supplement gaps in current knowledge concerning the development of competences related to goods allocation choices. We conducted a study in which 158 children aged 5 to 6 made choices concerning allocations of goods between themselves and the other, anonymous child. The crucial findings point to boys as more selfish in their choices than girls. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the claim that young children (especially boys) are aware that their choices are egoistic. Since our study adopted a similar methodology to that of the recent Swiss study, we were able to conduct cross-cultural analysis. The comparison of children’s choices in the Polish study and the Swiss one pictures Polish children as displaying a stronger egalitarian preferences and revealing egoistic preferences less frequently than the children from Switzerland.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2011, 42, 2; 46-51
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gender differences in the correlates of reactive aggression
    Autorzy:
    Debowska, Agata
    Mattison, Michelle L.A.
    Boduszek, Daniel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430266.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Reactive aggression
    Psychopathy factors
    SRP-III
    Exposure to violence
    Gender differences
    Opis:
    The main aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between four psychopathy dimensions (Interpersonal Manipulation, Callous Affect, Erratic Lifestyle, and Antisocial Behaviour) as well as childhood exposure to violence and reactive aggression in men and women. Participants were a sample of working adults (N = 319) recruited from the University of Security in Poznan. Results indicated that reactive aggression among males formed significant associations with Erratic Lifestyle, Interpersonal Manipulation, and childhood exposure to violence. Only one variable, Erratic Lifestyle, was a significant correlate of reactive aggression in females. These findings are discussed in light of theory and previous research findings.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 3; 469-476
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gender differences and areas of Internet behavior in seven years’ perspective
    Autorzy:
    Ochnik, Dominika
    Dembińska, Aleksandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127832.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Internet addiction
    use of Internet
    self-esteem
    prospective studies
    gender differences
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was the comparative analysis of areas of Internet behavior (use of Internet, relations and Internet Addiction) with regards to gender in seven years’ perspective. The study was conducted in two stages (2005 and 2012) among Polish students (N = 452). Results showed significant gender differences in the use of Internet. The use of Internet is no longer predictor of Internet Addiction in both men and women. The higher number of contacts limited to Internet was a predictor of Internet Addiction in both men and women, but lower self-esteem in women only. Men were more prone to Internet Addiction in comparison with women and this tendency is on the rise.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 3; 383-390
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Psychometric evaluation of the Polish students adaptation of the Aggression Questionnaire
    Autorzy:
    Krukowski, Maciej
    Kornafel, Danuta
    Oziembłowski, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430213.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Aggression Questionnaire
    Polish adaptation
    Factor analysis
    Gender differences
    Cross-cultural difference
    Opis:
    The four-factor structure and psychometric properties of the Polish students adaptation of the Buss and Perry (1992) Aggression Questionnaire were investigated. The exploratory factor analyses of the responses of 604 Polish participants generally supported the four-factor model. The factors included Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger and Hostility. The correlations between subscales, internal consistency and stability over time were evaluated and proved to be satisfactory. Apart from gender differences, 48 prison inmates and 48 students were interviewed to determine the validity of the Aggression Questionnaire by testing for hypothesized differences between groups. Aggression Questionnaire showed cross-cultural differences in aggression between various nations.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 3; 183-190
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Psychosocial characteristics of men and women as perpetrators of domestic violence
    Autorzy:
    Rode, Danuta
    Rode, Magdalena
    Januszek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430548.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    domestic violence
    gender differences
    personality
    temperament
    motives of violence
    biological family
    Opis:
    The presented study aims to compare men and women (N = 227), perpetrators of domestic violence in terms of psychosocial characteristics, present conditions of socialization in which the perpetrator grew and the motives for committing violent act against partners. The population of violence offenders under study and its sub-groups (women and men) did not differ from the norm group in terms of personality traits and temperament. The differences were noticed only in two KSP scales: secure style and avoidance style. The comparison of women and men revealed differences, in three variables: openness for experience, emotional intelligence and avoidance-ambivalence style. Moreover, study showed that despite the good relationship between the subjects’ parents, some perpetrators suffered violence from the loved ones. It should be noted that women were more affected by physical and psychological aggression in childhood. Analysis of motives to commit acts of violence indicated that they are associated with three factors: advantage over your partner, influence and control.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 1; 53-64
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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