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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Integrated Space Situational Awareness Systems: SDA and SSA – Advantages and Limitations
    Autorzy:
    Polkowska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2020195.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    security
    satellites
    outer space
    SDA/SSA
    observation programmes
    Opis:
    SDA (Space Domain Awareness) and SSA (Space Situational Awareness – SSA) have been defined as comprehensive knowledge of space objects and the ability to track, understand, and predict their future location. The purpose of the article is to present SSA initiatives to protect space systems, which are now recognized as fundamental assets of the sustainable development of each country. The destruction of even a part of the space infrastructure can have severe consequences for the security of citizens and economic activity. These systems assume the combination of all data obtained by various entities operating in space and Earth to create a common database. The SSA system was created based on the US military programme SDA (Space Domain Awareness); SSA and SDA are almost similar, but SDA is a new term replacing SSA, which existed previously. SDA is a better and improved SSA. Increasingly, the SSA programme is part of national and EU space strategies, but it is not yet possible to include it in international space law.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2021, 2 (50); 133-148
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Space Defense in Europe. Policy and Security Aspects
    Autorzy:
    Polkowska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014308.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    space
    defense
    space capabilities
    space security
    Space Situational Awareness
    Opis:
    Today countries participating in space activities, share serious concerns about militarization of space. The defense of space can become an important issue in the international arena, because counteracting emerging threats will probably be associated not only with the development of technology and operational capabilities, but also with the creation of political alliances or attempts at international agreement on certain “rules of the game” for space operations. Ultimately, the growing importance of “space for defense” creates the need for “defense of space”. Individual countries remain the main actors in the field of space defense. Military strategies are defined at national level, and the development and exploitation of military space assets are managed by national organizations. Today, most European countries recognize space as a strategic area, next to land, sea, air and, increasingly, cyberspace, but they have adopted different policies and doctrines depending on their sensitivity, priorities and concerns. European space forces also have different governance structures with significant differences in the distribution of roles and responsibilities, including space agencies and private entities.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2020, 2 (49); 127-139
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Space Traffic Management (STM) – Legal Aspects
    Autorzy:
    Polkowska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2019085.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    space management
    space debris
    code of conduct
    national legislation
    SSA
    space policy
    Opis:
    Space Traffic Management (STM) is a new concept referring to space activities. The highest priority is the safety and security of outer space and all conducted operations. There is no definition of STM. There is an urgent need to regulate STM providing safety and security regulations at the international, regional, and national levels. Because there is no STM definition, the regulator might use the example of existing regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization on Air Traffic Management (ATM). European EUSST is a good example of being a “precursor” of STM. However, many questions are still open regarding specific regulations needed to create an STM system, such as at which level they should be made: globally, regionally, or nationally.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2021, 1 (50); 159-169
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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