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Wyszukujesz frazę "Kowalski, K." wg kryterium: Autor


Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
Tytuł:
A model of the meat waste management
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Z.
Krupa-Żuczek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
odpady mięsne
czystsza produkcja
zarządzanie odpadami
meat waste
cleaner production
waste management
model solution
Opis:
The European Union produces about 18 million tons of waste from meat industry per year. The real danger of the BSE disease caused a necessity of looking for a new alternative solution of meat waste management. The proposed solution of meat industry waste management would create meat production waste free with the use of the cleaner production method. Cleaner production includes: pollution prevention, reduction of the source, recovery of materials and energy (for example: the recovery of blood plasma and protein hydrolisate from bone sludge) and their recycling. The thermal processing of meat industrial waste (bone sludge, meat-bone meal and odour) is anticipated, too. Ashes from meat calcining have the phosphorus content close to its concentration, of the typical phosphoric raw materials. That confirmed the possibility of using such ashes as the substitute of phosphoric raw materials. The target model of waste free meat waste management included the results of the implemented and current research.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2007, 9, 4; 91-97
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From sewage sludge ash to calcium phosphate fertilizers
Autorzy:
Gorazda, K.
Kowalski, Z.
Wzorek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
phosphorus recovery
sewage sludge
sewage sludge combustion
ash extraction
fertilizers production
waste
Opis:
Our work presents the results of the research on the utilization of ashes after sewage sludge combustion comprising phosphorus recovery in the form of useful products. The investigations were divided into three parts: selecting the combustion parameters of sewage sludge, examining ash leaching with mineral acids (nitric and phosphoric) to high phosphorus selectivity assuring a low content of iron and heavy metals in the extracted solutions and precipitation of CaHPO4 .2H2O. Suitable temperature of a sewage sludge combustion enables selective extraction of phosphorus compounds from ash because of hematite phase forming, insoluble in mineral acids. The extracts from phosphoric acid leaching, where the extraction of phosphorus compounds was 96.1%, have very good properties for its further use as the initial solution for CaHPO4 .2H2O with 6% lime milk. The obtained product is characterized by high purity and phosphorus availability compatible even with the feed phosphate standard.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2012, 14, 3; 54-58
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Manufacturing of phosphoric acid from hydroxyapatite, contained in the ashes of the incinerated meat-bone wastes
Autorzy:
Krupa-Żuczek, K.
Kowalski, Z.
Wzorek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779039.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
odpady mięsne
hydroksyapatyt
kwas fosforowy
meat waste
hydroxyapatite
phosphoric acid
Opis:
The results of the investigations concerning phosphoric acid manufacturing, by the extraction method, from the ashes containing hydroxyapatite, obtained through the thermal treatment of bone sludge have been presented. The incinerated bone sludge with ~ 16% P content and the minimal amount of impurities can be an alternative source for phosphoric acid production. The process consists in two stages. In the 1st stage, reaction of hydroxyapatite with phosphoric acid resulting in monocalcium phosphate formation in the solution obtained is carried out. The tests revealed that overall hydroxyapatite dissolution in phosphoric acid takes place when the concentration is 37% H3PO4. In the 2nd stage monocalcium phosphate is converted into calcium sulphate using concentrated sulphuric acid at the recommended temperature of 95°C. The principles of the technological idea of the process of phosphoric acid manufacturing from HA-containing ashes, obtained by bone wastes incineration, as well as a preliminary economic analysis for the production of 10 000 t/year of food-grade phosphoric acid have been developed.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2008, 10, 3; 13-20
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of sodium tripolyphosphate production processes with a cumulative calculation method
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Z.
Kijkowska, R.
Gorazda, K.
Wzorek, Z.
Nowak, A. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
polifosforan sodu
kalkulacja łączna
analiza ekologiczna
sodium tripolyphosphate
cumulative calculation
ecological analysis
Opis:
Sodium tripolyphosphate – one of the condensed phosphates is an important ingredient in various types of cleaning substances and a food additive. The paper presents a comparison of different variants of STPP production with the application of the cumulative calculation method. The material balances of the processes were taken as the basis of the analysis. The method of the process analysis as shown in the cumulative calculation determines the influence of the emissions of dust and gas pollutions originating from a particular production process, as well as wastewater and solid wastes resulting from it, upon the natural environment. It was proved that the solution of the production STPP with the dry one-step method has the lowest impact on the environment among the three assessed solutions.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2010, 12, 4; 22-25
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A chemical method of the production of "heavy" sodium tripolyphosphate with the high content of Form I or Form II
Autorzy:
Banach, M.
Kowalski, Z.
Wzorek, Z.
Gorazda, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
tripolifosforan sodu
gęstość nasypowa
sodium tripolyphosphate
high bulk density
granular product
Opis:
Sodium tripolyphosphate STPP is used in laundry detergent as a detergent "builder". The paper presents the chemical method of obtaining "heavy", i.e. with higher bulk density granulated sodium tripolyphosphate. The bulk density of sodium tripolyphosphate was increased by preparing a mixture of the dried sodium phosphates, the recycled subgrain of STPP and water in specific proportions and calcining this mixture for 1 hour at 400°C and 550°C (to obtain a proper STPP form) in the chamber kiln. This method allows producing the granular sodium tripolyphosphate with high bulk density (1.04-1.07 kg/dm3) and a high content of Form I or Form II, respectively.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2009, 11, 2; 13-20
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improvement of the stainless steel electropolishing process by organic additives
Autorzy:
Lochynski, P.
Kowalski, M.
Szczygiel, B.
Kuczewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
electropolishing
organic additives
surface roughness
stainless steel
Opis:
The influence of organic additives on the process of surface electropolishing of AISI 304 type steel was determined. Additives were selected in initial potentiodynamic tests pursuant to the plateau analysis on the current/potential curves. The assessment of the operational effectiveness of additives consisted in determining the relationship between surface gloss after electropolishing and the mass loss of the sample and in determining surface roughness. The applied electropolishing bath consisted of a mixture of concentrated acids: H3PO4  and H2SO4 and the following organic additives were used: triethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and glycerol. The best electropolishing result, i.e. low roughness and high gloss of stainless steel surface with a relatively low mass loss of the sample at the same time were obtained for baths containing triethanolamine.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2016, 18, 4; 76-81
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal utilization of mixtures of bone waste
Autorzy:
Staroń, P.
Kowalski, Z.
Krupa-Żuczek, K.
Wzorek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
odpady-kości
fosfor
wapń
kalorymetr
ciepło spalania
bone-waste
phosphorous
calcium
calorimeter
heat of combustion
Opis:
The results of a research related to the physico – chemical properties of the mixture of bone – waste and their ingredients have been presented. The mixtures was made up from waste: bovine bones, pork bones, bone sludge and bone meal. The content of the individual waste in the mixtures was selected on the basis of the heat of the combustion of the mixture and the amount of the waste produced in a meat processing plant. The heat of the combustion has been determined by the calorimeter, the content of phosphorus by spectrophotometric method, calcium by titration and phase composition by X – ray diffraction. The investigations confirmed that pork bones have the highest heat of the combustion 17 MJ/kg because of a big amount of fats. The analyzed waste has contained on average 16.5 wt % phosphorus and above 30 wt % calcium. X – ray diffraction method has proved that in bone waste one phase – hydroxyapatite occurs.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2010, 12, 4; 26-30
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of dry mass content in pig liquid manure on its treatment with a filtration method
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Z.
Makara, A.
Marszałek, M.
Hoffmann, J.
Hoffmann, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
pig manure treatment
filtration method
dry mass
filtrate
Opis:
The present study examines the impacts of dry mass content in pig liquid manure on its treatment with a filtration method. Samples of liquid manure with variable dry mass content were subjected to treatment using phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, lime milk and superphosphate, as well as to thermal treatment, while in the last phase of pressure filtration. Increased dilution of the manure resulted in a reduced raw materials consumption ratio and improved filtration process efficiency, which ranged from 408 to 3765 kg/m2/h. The highest filtration efficiency was achieved using manure containing 3% dry mass, while the lowest efficiency was observed in manure at 10% dry mass. The increase in liquid manure dilution also reduced chemical oxygen demand in the filtrate, which ranged from 15 062 to 3656 mg/l. An appropriate manure dilution level, under the constant parameters of the treatment process, reduced phosphorus content in the filtrate to < 10 mg/kg Chile simultaneously enriching the post-filtration sediment with this precious fertilizing component.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 3; 106-110
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dry single-stage method of sodium tripolyphosphate production – technological and economic assessment
Autorzy:
Gorazda, K.
Kowalski, Z.
Kijkowska, R.
Pawłowska-Kozińska, D.
Wzorek, Z.
Banach, M.
Nowak, A. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
sodium tripolyphosphate production
dry method
classic method
technical and economic analysis
Opis:
The study presents a technology of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) production with the use of a dry, single-stage method. The reacting substrates (concentrated wet-process phosphoric acid - WPPA and solid Na2CO3 ) are mixed with a recycled final product (STPP) in a mixer, then a „quasi-dry” mixture is calcined in a rotary kiln. Thanks to that, some stages of a classic method of STPP production are eliminated: one of the two-stage neutralization of the phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate at temperature ~80°C, filtration of the neutralised solution and its evaporation, as well as the stage of drying a solution of mono- and di-sodium orthophosphate in a spray dryer. According to the presented technical and economical analysis, the costs of STPP production using a single-stage dry method can be 10% lower compared to the classic method.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 1; 41-44
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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