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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Evaluating genetic diversity of chilling stress in cotton genotypes
    Autorzy:
    Sofalian, Omid
    Azimy, Somayyeh
    Jahanbakhsh, Sodabeh
    Khomari, Saeid
    Dezhsetan, Sara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199736.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12-19
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    chilling
    cotton
    ISSR marker
    Opis:
    In order to study genetic diversity and some physiological features related to chilling stress using molecular markers, an experiment was conducted at University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Treatments were set in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications and 3 stress levels (25, 15 and 5°C) between 20 cotton genotypes. The results showed that chilling stress influenced on some physiological features such as the activity of catalase, proline content, soluble carbohydrates and proteins. Cluster analysis carried out using WARD method in physiological features showed that genotypes located in three groups in the acclimation level and after acclimation, respectively. Nazilli, Ciakra, Avangard and B 557 were in the better group in studied levels. Also based on the results Avangard, Chegurava, Tashkand and Shirpan 603 were the most tolerant genotypes. In the ISSR marker analysis using of 12 primers produced 96 polymorphic bands. The mean of PIC, MI and EMR were 0.283, 1.065 and 3 respectively, for all primers. Some of markers had promising results that confirmed ISSR markers as powerful tool in any marker assisted program for plant breeders.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2013, 68; 77-87
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Increasing the efficiency of potato breeding through marker assisted selection - general thoughts. Molecular markers for late blight resistance - when applied for breeders?
    Autorzy:
    Trognitz, Bodo R.
    Trognitz, Friederike Ch.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198962.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    marker assisted selection
    potato breeding
    potato late blight resistance
    Opis:
    Despite many breathtaking breakthroughs in the area of crop genetics and genomics, plant breeding still widely depends on the methods that had been worked out almost a century ago. This is not because commercial plant breeders are overly conservative but because the new knowledge lacks efficient and economical tools that would permit their application in practice. Breeders desire supporting technologies that would facilitate laborious and time-consuming screening in the field and laboratory. In particular, resistance screening often cannot be performed satisfactorily as the necessary disease pressure and appropriate pathogen populations may be unavailable. In potato breeding, specific and often complex resistances need to be developed, at the same time maintaining high levels of quality and culinary characteristics. Therefore, it is worthwhile to revisit the facts that comprise the progress in genetics of disease resistance and to analyze current technologies of genotyping and marker assisted selection, with the objective to detect those parameters that limit the efficiency of methods for commercial application. Selection in potato for resistance to late blight will be highlighted as an example. Maps, genes and markers for resistance have been identified – how universal are they? Single genes and quantitative trait loci for race-specific and race non-specific resistance are known – how efficient is their use? Marker technologies based on polymerase chain reaction and DNA hybridization have been developed that are far more efficient than first-generation technologies – is their use in commercial breeding economical? By discussing these issues concepts will emerge that help to pave the way for marker assisted selection (MAS) in potato breeding. The most important parameters required for economical MAS include to have a clear idea of the traits to be selected for, to use proven, reliable markers, to have in place a robust system for the collection and management of DNA samples, and to use technologies whose total cost is below or equal to the cost of the conventional methods. The most striking advantages of MAS are that a breeder will obtain more information than by conventional methodology, the information will be more precise, field labour can be saved and in that way the breeding process will be intensified. The implementation of the new technology could lead to even closer collaboration of breeders and scientists. Possible disadvantages include the relative increase of laboratory and computer work within the breeding program, and possibly higher costs during the implementation phase of the new technology.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 95-105
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Genetic diversity among ethiopian coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) collections available in indian gene bank using sequence related amplified polymorphism markers
    Autorzy:
    Mishra, Manoj Kumar
    Nishani, Sandhyarani
    Gowda, Madhura
    Padmajyothi, Dandamudi
    Suresh, Narayana
    Sreenath, Hosahalli
    Raghuramulu, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199612.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12-18
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Coffea arabica L.
    Ethiopian germplasm
    Fingerprinting
    Genetic diversity
    SRAP marker
    Opis:
    The South-Western highlands of Ethiopia are considered to be the centre of origin and diversity of the arabica coffee, Coffea arabica. More than 80 accessions of arabica coffee collected from Ethiopia are avail-able in Indian gene bank. However, the genetic diversity of these accessions is not studied in detail. In the present study, genetic diversity analysis of 48 accessions collected from eight provinces of Ethiopia was car-ried out using Sequence-related amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) marker. Among the thirty two SRAP primer combinations tested, 14 primer pairs were polymorphic and generated 203 distinct fragments. The number of fragments ranged from 7 to 21 with a mean of 14.5 fragments per primer combination. Of the total 203 ampli-fied fragments, 182 (89.65%) were polymorphic and the percent of polymorphism ranged from 53.84% to a maximum of 100% using different primers. The average resolving power (Rp) and average polymorphism information content (PIC) of the 14 SRAP primer combinations was 14.31 and 0.648 respectively. A total of 13 rare alleles were obtained from SRAP assays, of which six rare alleles were obtained from the accessions collected from Shoa province.The UPGMA clustering algorithm from SRAP analysis grouped the 48 coffee accessions into two major clusters. The accessions collected from particular province clustered together which could be attributed to the substantial gene flow between adjacent population and the influence of geographical origin on genetic diver-sity. The study demonstrated the existence of substantial genetic variation in Ethiopian germplasm which could be utilized in coffee germplasm conservation and improvement program.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2014, 70; 29-40
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transformation of wild Solanum species resistant to late blight by using reporter gene gfp and msh2 genes
    Autorzy:
    Rakosy-Tican, Lenuta
    Aurori, Adriana
    Aurori, Cristian M.
    Ispas, Gabriela
    Famelaer, Ivan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation
    DNA mismatch repair
    gfp
    nptII marker gene
    Opis:
    Green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene and nptII marker gene were used to optimize Agrobacterium tumefaciens (agro) mediated transformation of wild Solanum genotypes resistant to late blight. Different genotypes of Solanum bulbocastanum, S. chacoense, S. microdontum and S. verrucosum were assessed for their regeneration ability on MS based media and for agro-mediated transformation. As the first step reporter genes were used to optimize transformation protocol for each species and then the transfer of genes involved in mismatch repair of DNA were attempted in Solanum chacoense. For transformation, either leaf or stem fragments were used. It was shown that gfp is a valuable and elegant tool for monitoring the efficiency of transformation or the occurrence of chimera in all genotypes. Transformation efficiency was dependent on a plant genotype. A number of genotypes have been successfully transformed and they expressed constitutively the bright green fluorescence of gfp without any side effects. The most recalcitrant species proved to be S. microdontum, which did not regenerate plants although different media and phytohormones had been used. The best protocol for S. chacoense transformation was also found to work in the transfer of msh2 genes. Msh2 isolated from Arabidopsis was used and transferred either as mutated (Apa) or antisense (As) gene. The integration of msh2-mutated gene into S. chacoense genome was demonstrated by PCR amplification and confirmed by RT-PCR for some of the putative transgenic clones. The implications of mismatch repair in homologous recombination and its importance for potato improvement are discussed. 
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 119-127
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of bulk segregant analysis to identify a RAPD marker linked to the Mla locus of barley
    Autorzy:
    Czembor, Paweł Cz.
    Czembor, Jerzy H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198932.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-06-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    barley
    Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
    bulked segregant analysis
    DNA marker
    Mla locus
    RAPD
    Opis:
    Resistance to powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, is a major goal of many barley breeding programs. Resistance conferred by genes located at Mla locus is commonly used by barley breeders for effective control of powdery mildew. The use of molecular markers may facilitate barley breeding for powdery mildew resistance. In this study, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was used to determine random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) markers linked to Mla locus. Thirty one homozygous (17 resistant and 14 susceptible) F3 families from a cross between variety Pallas and single plant line E 1059-1-1 carrying gene at Mla locus were used as plant material. A total of 385 random 10-mer primers were screened to identify polymorphism between the appropriate resistant and susceptible DNA bulks and parents in BSA analysis. Only one PCR marker OPAA3400 (primer sequence: 5’-TTAGCGCCCC-3’), amplified in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) proved close linkage and was positioned in distance of 10 cM from Mla locus with 5.0 LOD threshold.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 49; 41-49
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selection of Potato Parental Lines With Complex Resistances to Potato Pathogens and Pests
    Autorzy:
    Flis, Bogdan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199714.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    Globodera rostochiensis Ro1
    Phytophthora infestans
    pre-breeding
    marker assisted selection
    PVX
    PVY
    PVM
    PVS
    Opis:
    The efficiency of breeding new potato cultivars may be increased by pre-breeding that is by developing parental lines, which have new traits, not present in the genetic pool available for breeders or have new combinations of genes, or have improved level of economically important traits. The use of parental lines in commercial breeding programs is expected to ensure the biological progress in the newly created cultivars of potato. At the beginning, the development of parental lines in Młochów Research Center of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – Nation-al Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) was focused on resistance to viruses and later on resistance to late blight and other pathogens. The procedures of selecting resistant parental lines are described. These procedures were initially based on purely phenotypic tests for resistance, which lately were supplemented with marker assisted selection (MAS) apply-ing molecular markers linked with some resistance genes.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2017, 76; 57-63
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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