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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Resistance to powdery mildew in barley cultivars and breeding lines included in 1998-2000 Polish registration trials.
    Autorzy:
    Czembor, Henryk J.
    Czembor, Jerzy H
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198827.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    barley
    breeding lines
    cultivars
    Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei
    genes
    powdery mildew
    resistance
    Opis:
    A total of 46 barley cultivars and breeding lines (35 spring and 11 winter) tested in 1998 - 2000 Polish registration trials were tested for powdery mildew resistance with 23 differential isolates of E. graminis f. sp. hordei. The isolates were chosen according to differences in virulence spectra that were observed on \'Pallas\' isoline differential set and on 8 additional differential cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the IHAR Radzików greenhouse 1999-2000.From 35 tested spring cultivars and breeding lines 6 (17%) were composed of different lines carrying different genes for resistance. Eight different resistance alleles [Mla1, Mla7, Mla12, Mla6, Mla14, Mlg, Ml (CP) and mlo] were detected alone or in combinations. Among tested cultivars and breeding lines of spring barley, majority (94%) had combination of different genes for resistance. The most common resistance gene was Mla12 and this gene was present in 12 (34%) spring breeding lines. Seven spring cultivars and breeding lines possessed Mlo resistance.Seven different resistance alleles [Mla12, Mla6, Mla14, Mla13, Ml (Ru3), Ml (Bw), Mlra] were detected alone or in combination in tested winter cultivars and breeding lines. From 11 tested cultivars and breeding lines of winter barley 3 were composed of different lines carrying different genes for resistance. Majority (91%) of these cultivars and breeding lines had combination of different genes for resistance. Major strategies for control of powdery mildew using resistance genes are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2001, 45, 1; 21-41
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estimation of general and specific combining ability variances and their implications on hybrid rye breeding.
    Autorzy:
    Wilde, P.
    Menzel, J.
    Schmiedchen, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198901.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003-06-22
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    CMS cross testers
    general combining ability (GCA)
    homozygous lines of rye
    hybridrye breeding
    specific combining ability (SCA)
    Opis:
    Effects and variances of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability have been estimated from two experiments. For the first experiment (EXP 1) 19 homozygous lines originating from the Petkus pool were crossed with two CMS single cross testers derived from the Petkus pool (intra-pool test crosses) and with two testers from the Carsten-Danko pool (inter-pool test crosses), respectively. In the year 2000 grain yield was measured at 5 locations in Germany. The second experiment (EXP II) comprised a factorial of inter-pool crosses by using 4 homozygous CMS Petkus pool lines as seed parents and 6 Carsten-Danko lines as pollen parents. The respective 24 inter-pool crosses were evaluated for grain yield on several locations in 1996 and 1998.In EXP I GCA-variance of candidate lines (4.7 —5.9 q/ha2 was estimated to have a similar size as SCA-variance. Possible reasons for an overestimation of SCA-variance are extreme divergence between testers, insufficient removal of inbreeding effects in the intra-pool test crosses and bias due to SCA × year interaction-variance. The use of intra-pool testers should be restricted to breeding material where inbreeding due to consanguinity between testers and candidate lines is either absent or will evenly affect test cross performance of all candidates.In EXP II GCA-variances for female 9.2 q/ha2 and male 2.4 q/ha2 lines were much higher than SCA-variance. Repeatability for GCA-effects over different environments was medium (r=0.67), whereas for SCA-effects it was low (r=0.13). Selection intensity for yield should therefore be moderate, if based on a single year of testing only. Selection of parental components for hybrids and prediction of hybrid performance should mainly base on GCA-effects. Alternative to the use of factorial crosses test crosses with testers representing the opposite pool are recommended. Testing for SCA-effects and for SCA x environment interaction- effects can be a valuable diagnostic tool, to become aware of strengths and weaknesses of the elite material used to build new hybrids. SCA-tests should therefore be performed by using highly divergent environments.
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2003, 47; 89-98
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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