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Tytuł:
Z działalności polskich konserwatorów w Algierii
Autorzy:
Gontarczyk, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536466.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
polscy konserwatorzy w Algierii
zespół obronny Mansourach
meczet w Nedroma
meczet Sidi el Halwi
zespół portowy Honain
Agadir
zabytkowy zespół Casbah
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1978, 1; 78-79
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
I co dalej z tym zabytkiem? Problemy konserwatorskie zabudowy mieszkaniowej zespołu Braunsfelde w Szczecinie, pochodzącej z początków XX wieku, na przykładzie budynku przy ul. Marii Konopnickiej 27
And what about that monument? Problems of historic preservation of residential buildings of the Braunsfelde complex from the early 20th century - the case of the building at ul. Marii Konopnickiej 27
Autorzy:
Biranowska-Kurtz, Alicja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Zespół urbanistyczny Braunsfelde
remont
zabytkowa zabudowa jednorodzinna
Szczecin
Opis:
The article discusses the case of the residential building situated at ul. Marii Konopnickiej 27 in Szczecin. The building is one of the first architectural structures of the Braunsfelde bourgeois buildings quarter. Although the Urban Study for the quarter has been developed and the buildings there are subject to historic preservation, the protective activities are not always respected. The existence of Studies does not impose any legal obligations to protect certain buildings, unless there are current spatial development plans. However, in the case of renovations or other construction works, preservation services are required to quickly take actions in order to protect buildings of historic importance from being completely damaged. In the 19th century, intensive development of Szczecin began. At that time, at a certain distance from the Old City, new building quarters were gradually created. Over the time, they changed into dense complexes creating vast, interconnected districts. Created in the late 19th century, the Braunsfelde complex situated in the today’s district of Pogodno, may be clearly seen as a separate spatial unit having characteristic, very symmetrical layout which results from the fact that three main streets cross three side streets – connecting roads. Urban blocks created in such a way were divided into regular plots of similar area. Only corner plots were smaller, because they were intended for residential buildings with fronts facing side streets. The first houses were constructed as early as in 1899. The building discussed in this article was designed by Paul Krekow from Szczecin in 1901. Slightly modified in relation to the original design, the building was erected in 1902. It belonged to a post office assistant, Herman Schultz. The plan of the building is almost square, the construction has two floors, a basement and an attic adopted for residential purposes. It has a steep-sloped ceramic roof facing the street and the north, and a flat leant-to roof facing the garden. The building has an original decorative gable and a vane; there is also a corner pseudo-projection in the north-facing part of the front elevation. In 1935, upon a request of the owner, a wooden porch with front stairs was replaced with a brick and glass structure with a basement. At the level of the first floor, the new porch has the functions of a closed balcony. In the same year, the parcel was made smaller as along its northern border, an approach road to a new residential building constructed in the place of a former barn was created. The house was also owned by Schultz. Renovations performed before 1970s changed neither the character nor the shape of the building, nor the parcel surrounded with an original wrought iron fence from the street. In 1970s, the attic was adopted for residential purposes. New elements introduced at that time (a new window providing more light to the attic and a new dormer) did not violate the limits of allowed changes, non-modifying the building shape. The change of the owner of the ground floor of the building (the result of the sale concluded in November 2008), was not advantageous to the building. A new owner started major renovation of the building, digging out walls of the basement, destroying some parts of plaster coatings and large parts of the front porch. He also uncovered basement and ground floor walls, removing all plaster inside the building. The equipment of the interior was removed, except for the room door on the ground floor and windows which usually did not have glazing and were unprotected in winter. In light of such actions, all renovation and construction works were stopped immediately and an examination was conducted which resulted in the fact that the building has been entered into the register of monuments. Despite numerous design and administrative actions, the building was more and more falling into ruins, as from one year to another there were next unpredicted obstacles (e.g. late autumn 2012, a gas installation break-down made it totally impossible to heat the building in the 2012-2013 heating season). Due to legal actions filed by the owners of the house against each other, by the time of obtaining final decisions, it is only possible to carry out preservation works and only upon an order of the preservation officer. However, the new owner does not respect any administrative decisions, including obligations imposed by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. Deadlines set by the body are not met as well. Therefore, it should be considered whether the fact of entering a building into the register of monuments gives any warranty that it will get a proper maintenance. Or maybe, having the above mentioned case in mind, we should take quick actions in order to list buildings constructed before 1945 in registers of monuments, particularly when they and the layout of their neighbourhood make up dense complexes of uniform buildings.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2013, 1-4; 127-144
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STANISŁAW PASICIEL, „ZESPÓŁ KLASZTORNY FRANCISZKANÓW I KLARYSEK W GNIEŹNIE” Wyd. Muzeum Początków Państwa Polskiego, Gniezno 2005, s. 231, il. 198
STANISŁAW PASICIEL, “FRANCISCAN AND POOR CLARE MONASTIC-CONVENT COMPLEX IN GNIEZNO” Wyd. Muzeum Początków Państwa Polskiego, Gniezno 2005, 231 pp., 198 fig.
Autorzy:
Malawska, Iga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
„Zespół klasztorny franciszkanów i klarysek w Gnieźnie”
Stanisław Pasiciel
Opis:
The first monographic study on the architecture of a Franciscan and Poor Clare monasticconvent complex with the church of the Assumption of the Holy Virgin Mary and St. Anthony and a Poor Clare oratory in Gniezno. The book discusses the history of the transformations of the monument from the mid-thirteenth century to the 1950s. The presented object is the only example of a realised architectural programme in Poland which took into account the coexistence of the male and female line of the order within a church-monastic complex. The author proposed an indepth analysis of the early history of the establishment of the church-monastic premise against the backdrop of the historical events of the period – the unrealised pre-1279 project pursued under the auspices of Bolesław the Pious and the redesigning conducted in the 1430s.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2005, 4; 117-119
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
REWALORYZACJA XVII-WIECZNEGO PARKU W TRZEBINACH KOŁO LESZNA
THE REVALORISATION OF THE SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY PARK IN TRZEBINY NEAR LESZNO
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537648.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Trzebiny
park w Trzebinach
Zespół pałacowo-parkowy
Rekonstrukcja parku
Opis:
Trzebiny, a village of mediaeval origin (mentioned in 1360) and Polish-German lineage, is located in south-western Greater Poland, in the commune of Święciechowa, 9 kilometres to the west of Leszno. From the 1920s to 1945 Trzebiny lay in the western borderlands of the Republic, and during the inter-war period it adjoined the German state frontier. The owners of the landed estates, the von Lessen family, left Trzebiny for the Reich, fearing the approaching front. The post-1945 influx of a new population became one the reasons for the rapid devastation of the abandoned palace and park. The reconstruction of the historical complex, initiated in 1982, was completed in 1987 – a period which we describe as stage I. It also encompasses the garden premises featured in the regular part of the park and the park sculptures, damaged during the post-war period and reconstructed in 1993. Stage II, which took place in 1996-1999 and 2001-2003, supplemented the plants and formed and enlarged the rows of trees. A reconstructed fountain, a copy of Bernini’s Triton Drinking from a Corncupia, was placed in the southern part of the regular section of the park. In the landscape part of the park the tree crowns were pruned, dry branches and boughs were removed, and the tension lines were repaired. At the same time, an archeological reconnaissance of the terrain discovered relics of prehistorical settlements (the Lusatian culture) as well as settlements from the Late Middle Ages and the modern era. A mediaeval tower-manor house was found on the spot of the present-day “Four seasons” bower. Relics of a seventeenth - eighteenth-century residential development were registered to the south of the palace, near the historical complex of ponds. Flagstones, visible in the Duncker lithograph, were disclosed during plantings carried out in the 1990s in the south-western part of the park. The palace-park complex is located in the valley of the Krzycki Rift. One of the fragments of the old river-valley was transformed into a pond. Melchior Gurowski, who commissioned the construction of the “old manor” completed in 1680-1690, is considered to have been the builder of the object (mentioned in 1709), while the project is ascribed to an architect from the circle of Jan Catenazzi. The park surrounding the manor house was described as an Italian garden. The successive owners, members of the Nieżychowski family, rebuilt the park in about the middle of the eighteenth century. This is the period of the origin of the stone sculptures whose fragments were discovered in the park. After 1860, axial elements of the classical Italian garden became obliterated in the course of work conducted by the Von Leesens. As a result, the garden assumed the shape of a landscape park embellished with sculptures and flower beds. The park, whose area totals 6,1 hectars, contains trees of assorted ages, the most ancient being about 200 years-old. The varied species in the ground cover include lilies of the valley, goldilock and periwinkle. Squirrels are among the permanent residents of the park, and tree crowns offer nesting to black woodpeckers, nightingales, wood pigeons and the tawny owl. The regular layout of the park was recreated in the area of the presumed Italian garden, and nineteenth- century stone statues were situated in place of the Baroque originals, with an obelisk featuring the von Leesen coat of arms in the centre. The borderlines of the regular part of the park were enclosed by a row of hornbeam and stone pedestals scattered symmetrically on both sides. The reconstruction of the park is being continued up to this day. At present, chief tasks include cleaning the pond, rendering the culverts patent, and the construction of a river bar in the Krzycki Rift. The park in Trzebiany attracts numerous visitors and is a special favourite of young couples who take souvenir photographs against its background. Once a year, at the beginning of December, a cross country race is arranged for children under the motto: “running amidst historical monuments”.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2003, 3-4; 127-136
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działania rewaloryzacyjne dotyczące miejskiego zespołu zabytkowego Bolonii
RESTORATION WORKS ON THE TOWN HISTORIC COMPLEX OF BOLOGNA
Autorzy:
Stanghellini, Stefano
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539094.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
rewaloryzacja zespołu zabytkowego Bolonii
miejski zespół zabytkowy Bolonii
oszczędne budownictwo społeczne
Opis:
For a number of years the problem o f restoring the value o f the existing building substance has been occupying a very important place in spatial planning o f Emilia-Romania region. A physical expansion o f Bologne was not accompanied by a trend to increase the population settled there, or to improve urban standards. In this context, it wa9 found necessary to try to solve problems involved in search for improved quality o f urban life within the boundaries o f the town itself. A process o f restoring available building resources is carried out under the supervision o f town administrative authorities by means o f different executive methods depending on characteristics o f the environment and structure o f three territorial layers that can be distinguished in the existing town tissue: — preindustrial towns (town historic complex), — the area built between the 19th and mid-20th cent., — the area built in the latest thirty years, solely on the initiative o f private persons with some support from the state. The basis for restoration works in the town historic complex of Bologna was provided by a regulating plan approved by the Municipal Council o f Bologna in 1969. In the year o f 1973 the Council approved the plan o f economical social building for the town historic complex (the so-called PEEP — Centro Storico), conceived as an element integrating building plans for outer town districts, currently under way. Synthetically, individual working stages o f the PEEP — Centro Storico plan can be defined as given below : — establishing o f work sections, i.e. minimum urban units, — initial distribution o f temporary (parcheggio) or rotary (di rotazione) flats within the historic complex, — restoration o f public-owned or newly-bought buildings, — social control over building resources, privately-owned on the basis o f agreement, and in exceptional cases, even through expropriation. By January 1977 the execution o f the PEEP — Centro Storico was as follows: — from autumn 1973, i.e. over a period o f 1.000 days, 220 flats for 800 people were put to use or were at a final stage. It was also envisaged to make instructions for further 200 flats, provided that necessary financial means were available. These data showed that a motor which was to bring the plan to life was put into operation and that it started functioning on a full scale There appwared, however, some difficulties which brought about a twoyear-delay in the adopted program o f work in comparison with initial targets. Along with the execution o f targets aimed at modernizing the flats, works are also carried out to improve services for the population. Already a regulating plan o f 1969 selected from the Bologna municipal complex some architectonic space (contenitori) for restoring and its use for some sort o f social activities. In January 1977, works were completed on 3.000 square metres o f „contenitori” appropriated for social and cultural activities. Restoration works undertaken in the historic centre o f the town allow for a rebirth o f a housing function in this region, and an improvement in social and economic structure within the old-town complex; in the same way they should contribute to more uniform development o f the whole town and region.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1978, 4; 224-231
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problematyka konserwatorska zespołu staromiejskiego w Trzebiatowie
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSERVATION OF THE OLD TOWN DISTRICT AT TRZEBIATÓW
Autorzy:
Latour, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539572.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Trzebiatów
zespół staromiejski w Trzebiatowie
budownictwo plombowe
zabytki Trzebiatowa
zabudowa oficynowa
Opis:
The town of Trzebiatów is situated on the banks of the Rega river in the Northern Pomerania. The author presents a ^survey of the town’s development during the period covering the times from the 12th up to the 19th century. He also devotes a good deal of his consideration to conditoins prevailing in our days. In Trzebiatów there are: the Old Town district and a number of historic buildings sited within areas th a t once were situated outside the town walls (the extra-muros areas). Unfortunately, the majority of historic buildings are in poor technical condition as a consequence of heavy traffic that is being carried by streets running within an area of the Old Town district. In the town’s development plan have been foreseen the intensification of touring, the extension of services and the improving of housing situation have been foreseen. The main tendency of rehabilitation of the ancient hub of the town consists in safeguarding of the basic components of urban organism. This in turn necessitates the adaptation of numerous objects to their new functions. The detailed development plan furnishes a good basis for rehabilitation of the Old Town quarter where the services and housing are to be concentrated. The programme prepared anticipates the conservation or restoration of ancient buildings as well as their adaptation and in also the renovation and adaptation of the remaining buildings, the erection of new buildings and the modernization of traffic system. The possibilities to modernize the urban facilities to create the green belts and to introduce the small-scale architectural objects are also taken into account. Investigations carried out jointly by the Ateliers for Conservation of Cultural Property and the Experimental Division of the Institute of Architectural Planning, Technical University, Szczecin, enabled the reconstruction of the original parcelling scheme in locational town and at the same time the listing of the best preserved objects exhibiting medieval features in their- architectural forms. The author advances his suggestions as to the sequence of restoration works within the old urban hub. He also points to the problem of new building th a t should be subordinated to process of rehabilitation. He deals in detail with these kinds of new building th a t can be introduced into historic district of the town. Furthermore, he makes some suggestions concerning the solution of traffic system through introduction of single — direction traffic and, above all, of by -pass routes. The poor at present conditions of installation network and that of urban facilities make it necessary to carry out substantial improvements. It is proposed by the author to introduce to area subjected to rehabilitation the low and medium-height plants and shrubs. In conclusion dealt with has been co-operation between the Institute of Architectural Planning, Technical University, Szczecin, and the Ateliers for Conservation of Cultural Property the main objective of which consists in maintaining of the town of Trzebiatów as a living urban organism and also as a witness of the culture of the past and present times.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 3-4; 180-197
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MIĘDZYNARODOWY DZIEŃ OCHRONY ZABYTKÓW 2008
INTERNATIONAL DAY OF MONUMENTS AND SITES 2008
Autorzy:
Stec, Magda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
MDOZ
Zespół Klasztorny Kongregacji
Oratorium Św. Filipa Neri
Pomnik Historii
definicja zabytku
Opis:
The International Day of Monuments and Sites was celebrated on 18 April 2008 in the Monastic Complex of the Congregation of Oratorium Sancti Philippi Neri in Gostyń-Święta Góra, one of the most valuable examples of Baroque architecture in Poland. In the same year, the President of the Republic of Poland granted this monument the prestigious title of a Monument of History thus including it into a group of 33 other monuments of particular value for Polish culture. The celebrations were attended by representatives of highest state and self-government authorities, conservators of historical monuments, representatives of associations and organisations involved in the conservation of historical monuments, the authorities of the Federation of the Congregation of Oratorium Sancti Philippi Neri in Poland and the Procurator General of the Congregation Federation, researchers and artists. The celebrations were inaugurated by concert entitled ”Święta Góra musical discoveries. Józef Zeidler (1744-1806) – a Polish Mozart”. After the concert prof. Ryszard Legutko, a representative of President Lech Kaczynski, read a congratulation letter, which he then presented the superior of the Gostyƒ congregation. In the course of the ceremonies and in accordance with a well-established tradition, persons and institutions, which had made a special contribution to the protection of historical monuments, received prizes and medals.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2007, 3; 5-7
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ŚREDNIOWIECZNE MURY MIEJSKIE GOLUBIA. PROBLEMATYKA KONSERWATORSKA
THE MEDIAEVAL TOWN WALLS IN GOLUB. CONSERVATION PROBLEMS
Autorzy:
Milanowski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536887.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Golub-Dobrzyń
Drwęca
mury obronne Golubia
golubski zespół staromiejski
fortyfikacja
otwory strzelnicze
Opis:
Golub-Dobrzyń is a county town located 42 kilometres to the north-west of Toruń, near the Olsztyn-Brodnica route. Its walls represent a typical late mediaeval defensive system. Based on a plan of an irregular pentagon the system in question is composed of simple sections of curtain walls and rectangular bastions as well as four gates built on the axes of tracts. The fortification ring was reinforced with four towers in the corners, of which today only a single one is extant (the north-east corner). The walls, which had not been modernised for centuries, retained their original character, and are deprived only of four gates. Up to now, the Golub fortifications have not been discussed in an exhaustive scientific study. The first complex inventory was performed in 1958 by the State Enterprise – the Ateliers for the Conservation of Historical Monuments in Toruƒ, headed by Ireneusz Słowiński. Almost half a century later, this problem has been considered by the authors of the presented article, employees at the Regional Centre for the Study and Documentation of Historical Monuments in Toruń who in 2002 brought the inventory up to date. The prime reason for the new documentation – drawings and photographs – were the essential changes which had taken place in the appearance of the sections of defensive walls after the construction and conservation carried out during the last three decades of the twentieth century. The wide-scale venture entailed the reconstruction of two bastions in the north sequence, supplementation of the wall face and protection of the entire crown. The moat terrain was cleaned of of all sub-standard buildings, including economic ones, and a residential edifice. The outcome of all the undertakings was a representative section (northern) of mediaeval fortifications (walls and moat) along Gen. Hallera Street. The eventual elimination of the remaining buildings from the forefield of the municipal fortifications in Golub would create a possibility for encircling the mediaeval fortifications with a strip of plants designed in such a way as to enable contact with the suitably displayed monument. The fulfilment of the above postulates would have enabled the mediaeval town, together with the preserved town halls and the Teutonic Order castle, rebuilt in the 1960s, to comprise a town planningarchitectural complex unique on the scale of northern Poland. The planned revitalisation of the Old Town area in Golub would bring forth the inherent historical assets of the town, and generate attractive conditions for the development of recreation and tourism.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2003, 3-4; 26-35
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rewaloryzacja zespołu pojezuickiego w Pradze
REVALORIZATION OF ARCHITECTURAL COMPLEX FORMERLY BELONGING TO THE JESUITS IN PRAGUE
Autorzy:
Pavlik, Milan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538134.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
zespół pojezuicki w Pradze
kościół św. Bartłomieja w Pradze
rewaloryzacja konwiktu w Pradze
Opis:
History of the whole architectural complex as well sition from the 18th century. At th a t time К. I. as history of separate buildings are dealt with in Dientzenhofer, an architect, took p a rt in the rebuilthe present article. The complex includes among ding of the Church. He deserves the credit, among others buildings and elements in Gothic, Renaissan- other, for linking three elements together: the nave ce or Baroque style. The character of the college and the presbytery of the Church, the free-standing has changed since the Society of Jesus was cassa- two storey vestry and one of the wings of the ted in 1786. The interior of the college was then so-called Small Boarding-School. He divided the divided and turned into living q u arte rs of work- Church elevation with rhythmical elements, shops. The buildings of the college are joined with th e former St. Bartholomew’s Church, which has the The author is of the opinion th a t revalorization of most beautiful façade in Prague. college and the Church, which is to be finished after At present investigations and surveying are being 1982, is an undertaking especially interesting because carried out, on the basis of which Czech architects of the buildings bad state and the technical diffiinted to restore to the building its spatial compo- culties which arise in the course of works.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1976, 3; 165-174
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konstrukcja otworów okiennych i drzwiowych w zespole architektonicznym Emira Kurkumasa (Emira Wielkiego) na Nekropoli Północnej w Kairze
CONSTRUCTION OF THE WINDOW AND DOOR OPENINGS IN AMEER QURQUMAS ARCHITECTURAL COMPLEX OF THE NORTH NECROPOLIS, CAIRO
Autorzy:
Misiorowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536993.pdf
Data publikacji:
1973
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
zespół architektoniczny Emira Kurkumasa
konstrukcja otworów okiennych zespołu Kurkumasa
nadproża
przesklepienie
otwory sklepione łukowo
Opis:
In 1972 the joint Polish-Egyptian Group for Restoration of Islamic Monuments has been called into being in Cairo. As the first monument to be investigated and restored by the staff composed of the Egyptian and Polish experts has — in agreement with the Egyptian Authorities — been chosen the Ameer Qurqumas burial complex. Within the first stage of works a general survey and architectural investigations of the object have been carried out. ' The constructional solutions applied in the door and window openings seem to deserve particular attention and this was exactly the reason why the author decided to deal with them within the present a rticle. As the date at which the whole complex has been built of the limestone blocks about 1507 T.D. can be assumed; the elements used for adorning of its openings are characteristic of their specific style which widely differs from that to be found within the contemporary European buildings. By the use of the quite specially designed • construction of breastsummers excellent effects were arrived at. Two forms of openings can be found within the complex, namely these rectangular and those arched. In addition, there can also be encountered some circular windows, however, their construction is one similar to that present in the standard ones. Of the openings in question of particular interest are those rectangular. There are two kinds of them. These of the first kind and placed in very thin walls are measuring about 20 cm while those of the second kind found in thick walls even up to 2.40 m. The thin walls are constructed of the carefully processed, cube-shaped stone blocks and the breastsummers have the shape of wedged blocks that were cut with a high grade of precision thus enabling to construct a flat vaulting. These blocks were usually forming a support for the arches made-up of similar stones that perform the function of „protective” structures. Very attractive effects have been achieved by builders owing to application of the differently coloured stone material. All the openings in thick walls are vaulted constructionally in semi-circular shapes which the occurrence may be in some way linked with the so called „opus emplectum” kind of masonry used in execution of these walls. Within the surface of one or two thick walls special niches were left when the masonry works have been carried out. The above niches, having rectangular sections, were later filled with structures of a kind similar to that applied in the thin walls with this only difference that the depth of filling structures is smaller. The thickness of the blocks used for filling amounts to about 10 or 12 cm. The breastsummers executed in this manner are the self-carrying structural elements having no any effect on the construction of wall at all. The space between the breastsummers executed in that manner was usually filled up with mortar or rubbish whereas the „ceiling” in the openings of wood planks. Some of the above-described openings were fitted with two breastsummers on either side of each wall; in those having a single breastsummer are perfectly visible the vaulted constructions of the openings. The small semi-circular openings in the thin walls in most cases are deprived of real wedge-shaped vaulted constructions, however, it seems that they might have been cut directly in the horizontal raws of stones forming the wail construction. Only the keystones were cut very precisely and it is these keystones, who constitute virtually structural elements which in most cases are joined with stone blocks bearing the wall constructions. All the openings under discussion were once fitted with the doors, grates or frames glazed with the coloured glass plates. As there have been found several relics of those glasses the possibilities exist to restore the glazings. The investigations described above should be considered as the first stage of studies on the ancient Arabic building trade. It is hoped, however, that already these preliminary investigations as well as those carried on in the nearest future will make it possible to explain the problem of mutual relations and that of exchange of building experiences that existed in the Middle Ages between Europe and the Islamic world.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1973, 2; 122-126
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomiędzy urbanistyką a konserwacją : problemy miast średnich i małych
BETWEEN TOWN-PLANNING AND CONSERVATION PROBLEMS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED TOWNS
Autorzy:
Chrzanowski, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539028.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
urbanistyka małych miast
zabytkowy zespół Zamościa
studium urbanistyczno-krajobrazowe Starego Sącza
Zakliczyn
małomiasteczkowa urbanistyka
Opis:
The author gives an assessment of historical, town-planning and conservation studies prepared for the revalorization of small and medium-sized towns in Poland. In his view, the hitherto studies o f that kind referred only to historic parts of towns without paying any attention to the environs. An example of the study combining the two elements is provided by the work for Stary Sącz which covers not only historic monuments but also the landscape, green land, transport routes etc. The author goes on to describe small Polish towns and states that being built mostly in wood they underwent numerous disasters such as fires and therefore do not look to attractive and are rather neglected. And only under the coat of negligence their true values are hidden. Other towns represent a rich variety o f styles, to mention only the Middle Ages (Paczków), Renaissance (Zamość), Baroque (Silesian towns). The main question in conservation works is to establish a criterion of the importance of towns to be rescued. When preparing a revalorization program one has to take into account the so-called prognosic, i.e. to specify future function of the town, trends and speed o f its development. This, inter alia, is linked with the proper solution to transport problems, location of services, etc. A key issue in town-planning is tis architecture. New house-building, in rural regions in particular, is a phenomenon negative in respect of both architecture and technology and constitues a threat to old buildings. To illustrate this, the author aives observed by him examples o f negative (Zakliczyn, Krynica) and positive approach (Sopot, Bochnia). In conclusion, the author o f the article says that new architecture should be introduced into old towns but that it must fall in line with old town-development thorugh properly chosen dimensions and details (such as windows and moulds).
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1978, 3; 168-175
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Na przełomie
AT A TURNING-POINT
Autorzy:
Stankiewicz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538610.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
zabytek
zabytkowy
zabytkoznawca
dobro kultury
kompleksowość ochrony zabytków
kryteria weryfikacji dóbr kultury
miejski zespół zabytkowy
Opis:
A good deal of essential problems with which are faced the Polish scientific and cultural circles dealing with protection of historical monuments have been listed within the present article. The main emphasis, however, was laid upon und in detail discussed were the following questions: the advancing endangerments to settling environments as a consequence of new conditions of the „standardized production” of new housing estates; the definition of the term „historical monument” or „cultural heritage” ; the unfavourable results of'verifying the cultural property through its classification; the approach of representatives of various scientific disciplines to cultural property; the problems of a corporate considering of groupings of historic buildings and, finally - the problems of staffing as well as those of organization. A particular emphasis was laid by the author upon importance of problems related to protection of settling environment by stressing the fact that the Polish experts have at their disposal a number of well developod methods basing on the corporate investigations carried out by specialists from many scientific areas. The introduction of such investigations into a wide practice should prove highly helpful while establishing the outlines that in their turn would constitute an essential element in preparing of the general and detailed plans and at working out of housing programmes. The author hopes that it will namely be the historians and conservators who will choose the spatial settings deserving to be safeguarded and at the same time demanding the determining of nature and extent of the necessary or permissible rehabilitation and modernization. While advancing the above requirements he puts the question about our readiness to carry out the aforo- -mentioned tasks and expresses his doubts and objections. Among these objections quite essential, in the author’s view, role is being played by terminology. The term „zabytek” (a historical monument in Polish) while in use in other languages suggests a sizeable object of monumental character whereas in Polish it is composed of two parts, namely a prefix „za”, pointing to something coming from the past and „byt” , eonstituing an arch definition. In the above connection the term „zabytek” (a monument, historical monument) is strongly emphasising the ancientness of an object which in the author’s view confines its comprehension range. The author refers to the Polish Law on the Protection of Cultural Property of 1962 wdiere the term „historical monument” is being used as one alternating with „cultural property” . From the above fact two features are resulting, unfavorable for the protection of cultural property, namoly interpretation stating that as the „monuments” are to be considered only the cultural property subjected to legal protection and, furthermore, the identify of terms „monument” and an object whose main quality is its age. According to the author a lot of confusion and harms have been caused by classifying verification of cultural property or cultural heritage consisting of architectural objects or historic buildings which has led to demolition of objects classified to lower categories or even those in higher categories. The register of historic buildings is covering only sporadic buildings dating from the 19th and 20th centuries that under the eyes of community only quite recently are acquiring the qualities of cultural property under protection. A strong criticism was expressed by the author with respect to touring maps containing classifications of the separate historical monuments an a general statement made by him that in the community’s consciousness more and more firm becomes the view about the apparent worthlessness of what is forming the basic tissue of historical settings. The Law mentioned above lists eleven groups of objects or their groupings that may form the subject of protection. It must be added, however, that each of these groups forms a basic for the separate area of knowledge. The above division results into different methods of investigation and, furthermore, is connected with various institutions, professional associations, displays, etc. It has been stated by the author that the prevailing majority of groups to wrhom is classified the cultural property in this country is to be found within the groupings and enclosed systems and so, for instance, a single grouping may be composed of cultural property representing the above 11 classes; thus the separate elements of that grouping will be diasipated in registrations which the situation does not favour a corporate protection. In the course of his further considerations the author characterizes the approach the experts from the various fields of science may have to a given object and he states that the most „corporate” in its nature approach is shown by graduates from the Institute of Connoisseur - ship and Conservation, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń. It is required by the author that the aesthetical values of cultural property be not indentified with assessments made on conventional basis of investigations carried out by art historians and architects and that the classifying verifications be made on the basis of a full and objective overall distinction. As an essential problem is considered by the author that of settlement groupings of high rank arising from richness of historical and social traditions and both spatial systems and forms. As particularly unsatisfactory are to be considered conditions of the traditional rustic buildings. It is suggested by the author that in each ethnographic region at least one grouping of rustici buildings should be selected with a reservation accompanying it. With regard to the historic urban centres in the years 1969—1970 the criteria for estimating of historic buildings have changed; thus, for instance, to such buildings are now being counted those with architectural forms that developed during the 19th and early 20th century but as deserving consideration should also be handled the town plans, the outskirts or the workers’ housing quarters and the like, dating back to those times. It is proposed by the author to stop the publication of registers or catalogues of historic buildings and to focus on systematic investigations supplying the background for the renewed, but this time carefully planned and wide registering action. The problems of staffing have also been dealt with by the author who pointed to quantitative insufficiencies of the appropriately trained personnel able to undertake the tasks associated with protection and preservation of cultural property. While speaking about such personnel he has in mind a number of suitably specialized experts e.g. twon planners, architects or civil engineers who with the problems from the ange of cultu al property protection would be made acquainted in the course of their academic training. However, that their activities could prove affective it is indispensable to establish a suitable organizational system of their work with no place for an excessively extended administration, but quite opposite — with the conservation services supported by a suitable scientific and research as well as technical background. In this connection it is suggested by the author to establish the Voivodship Centres of Cultural Property Protection subordinated to Voivodship Conservators and responsible for carrying out the tasks associated with preparing of documentation and other research activities. While summarizing his considerations the author presented the directions of the necessary research activities, organizational and legal measures, these form the field of training and finally those in publishing range that all taken together could lead to changes in protection of cultural property in Poland.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 2; 93-110
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
KRONIKA. Województwo szczecińskie
Autorzy:
Krzymuska, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539530.pdf
Data publikacji:
1952
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Pyrzyce - zespół urbanistyczny
zespół urbanistyczny Stargardu
założenia urbanistyczne Szczecina
architektura obronna Pomorza Zachodniego
zamek w Szczecinie
kamienica Loitzów w Szczecinie
gotyckie kamieniczki Szczecina
kościół św. Jakuba w Szczecinie
romański kościół w Kołbaczu
szczeciński Ratusz Staromiejski
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1952, 3; 195-201
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 47

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