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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    The cancer risk among workers of the nuclear centre at Świerk, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Fornalski, K.W.
    Dobrzyński, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148146.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    nuclear workers
    low doses
    radiation influence
    Świerk
    Polska
    Opis:
    Dosimetric information concerning 4606 workers at the nuclear centre at Świerk (Poland) from 1956 to 2001 and medical records of 575 workers are reviewed. The average cumulative doses per person were 34 mSv (effective dose) and 18 mSv (equivalent dose to hands). The calculated odds ratio of cancers, OR = 0.90 (0.62–1.18; 68% CI), shows a statistically insignificant decrease of the cancer risk among the irradiated workers. No cancer cases were detected neither among 52 people exposed to the highest cumulative doses (from 35 to 653 mSv) nor among 43 workers who had been chronically irradiated for a long time (from 13 to 26 years).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 4; 537-542
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurements of doses from photon beam irradiation and scattered neutrons in an anthropomorphic phantom model of prostate cancer: a comparison between 3DCRT, IMRT and tomotherapy
    Autorzy:
    Kowalik, A.
    Jackowiak, W.
    Malicki, J.
    Skórska, M.
    Adamczyk, M.
    Konstanty, E.
    Piotrowski, T.
    Polaczek-Grelik, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146348.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    3DCRT
    IMRT
    low doses
    neutron doses
    thermoluminescent detectors (TLD)
    tomotherapy
    Opis:
    The rapid development of new radiotherapy technologies, such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or tomotherapy, has resulted in the capacity to deliver a more homogenous dose in the target. However, the higher doses associated with these techniques are a reason for concern because they may increase the dose outside the target. In the present study, we compared 3DCRT, IMRT and tomotherapy to assess the doses to organs at risk (OARs) resulting from photon beam irradiation and scattered neutrons. Material and methods. The doses to OARs outside the target were measured in an anthropomorphic Alderson phantom using thermoluminescence detectors (TLD 100) 6Li (7.5%) and 7Li (92.5%). The neutron fluence rate [cm–2·s–1] at chosen points inside the phantom was measured with gold foils (0.5 cm diameter, mean surface density of 0.108 g/cm3). Results. The doses [Gy] delivered to the OARs for 3DCRT, IMRT and tomotherapy respectively, were as follows: thyroid gland (0.62 ± 0.001 vs. 2.88 ± 0.004 vs. 0.58 ± 0.003); lung (0.99 ± 0.003 vs. 4.78 ± 0.006 vs. 0.67 ± 0.003); bladder (80.61 ± 0.054 vs. 53.75 ± 0.070 vs. 34.71 ± 0.059); and testes (4.38 ± 0.017 vs. 6.48 ± 0.013 vs. 4.39 ± 0.020). The neutron dose from 20 MV X-ray beam accounted for 0.5% of the therapeutic dose prescribed in the PTV. The further from the field edge the higher the contribution of this secondary radiation dose (from 8% to ~45%). Conclusion. For tomotherapy, all OARs outside the therapeutic field are well-spared. In contrast, IMRT achieved better sparing than 3DCRT only in the bladder. The photoneutron dose from the use of high-energy X-ray beam constituted a notable portion (0.5%) of the therapeutic dose prescribed to the PTV.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 1; 29-35
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stimulatory effects of single low-level irradiations with X-rays on functions of murine peritoneal macrophages
    Autorzy:
    Cheda, A.
    Wrembel-Wargocka, J.
    Nowosielska, E.
    Janiak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147798.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    low doses
    X-rays
    macrophages
    nitric oxide
    cytotoxicity
    TNF-alfa
    Opis:
    A number of epidemiological and experimental data indicate that exposures to low doses of low-LET ionising radiation may trigger the activity of natural anti-tumour immune mechanisms and inhibit tumour growth. In the present study, we assessed the cytotoxic activity and production of nitric oxide, superoxide anions, and tumour necrosis factor-alfa in peritoneal macrophages collected from BALB/c mice exposed to single whole-body irradiations with 0.1, 0.2, or 1.0 Gy X-rays. The results indicate that all the tested parameters were significantly up-regulated in macrophages obtained from mice exposed to 0.1 or 0.2 Gy X-rays but not in those collected from the sham-irradiated and 1.0 Gy-exposed animals.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.2; 13-16
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Low-level exposures to ionising radiation modulate the anti-tumour activity of murine NK cells
    Autorzy:
    Nowosielska, E.
    Wrembel-Wargocka, J.
    Cheda, A.
    Lisiak, E.
    Janiak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147802.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    low doses
    X-rays
    NK cells
    cytotoxicity
    anti-asialo GM1 antibody
    FasL
    Opis:
    Experimental evidence from the recent years indicates that low-level irradiations with X- or gamma rays may inhibit development of both primary and secondary tumours and stimulate the activity of natural anti-tumour immune mechanisms. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in anti-tumour defence of the host. In the present investigation cytotoxic activity, production of interferon-ă, and expression of the Fas ligand (FasL) were estimated in the NK splenocytes collected from BALB/c mice whose whole body was pre-exposed to irradiation with 0.1, 0.2, or 1.0 Gy X-rays. The results indicate that cytotoxic activity of the irradiated NK cells was significantly stimulated compared to that of the NK effectors obtained from the sham-exposed mice. This effect was totally abrogated by injection of the anti-asialo GM1 antibody. In addition, compared to the control mice, NK cells obtained from the irradiated animals exhibited reduced surface expression of FasL. Collectively, the obtained results suggest that the inhibitory effect of the low-level irradiations with X-rays on the development of pulmonary tumour nodules may be directly associated with stimulation by such exposures of anti-neoplastic functions mediated by NK cells.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.2; 21-24
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Safety of nuclear power
    Autorzy:
    Strupczewski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    low radiation doses
    LNT
    hormesis
    epidemiological studies
    biological defense mechanism
    Chernobyl effects
    Opis:
    The main questions related to nuclear power development concern effects of small radiation doses typical for the operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and hazards of NPP accidents. The last decade has brought many results of large scale epidemiological studies indicating that there are no detrimental effects of low radiation doses. On the contrary, many results indicate that among the people receiving increased radiation doses the frequency of cancer mortality is reduced. The review shows that such results are obtained in the studies of people living in high background radiation areas, of workers exposed to ionizing radiation and of patients exposed to radiation for diagnostic purposes. The latest studies in molecular biology suggest an explanation for possible beneficial effects of low radiation doses. This is reflected in the statements of several scientific bodies and international organizations, although the official regulations remain unchanged. The other important issue is the safety of NPPs in case of accidents. Reasons for the Chernobyl accident are shown not to be applicable to the reactors planned for Poland and the effects of Chernobyl are shown to be much smaller than feared in original estimates after the accident. Polish NPPs will satisfy the requirements of EU utilities and will provide safety for the population even in case of hypothetical severe accidents. Nevertheless, discussion with antinuclear organizations must be expected, although the recent examples of changing attitudes of leading ecological authorities show that nuclear power is gaining recognition as a clean and environmentally friendly source of energy.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 59-66
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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