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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical and thermal properties of commercial multilayer flexible plastic packaging materials irradiated with electron beam
    Autorzy:
    Oliveira, V. M.
    Nogueira, B. R.
    Ortiz, A. V.
    Moura, E. A. B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146772.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron-beam radiation
    multilayer packaging materials
    mechanical properties
    thermal properties
    Opis:
    The effects of electron-beam irradiation on mechanical and thermal properties were studied for two commercial multilayer structures of flexible food packaging. Both the laminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/ low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and the coextruded LDPE/polyamide(PA)/LDPE structures were irradiated up to 120 kGy using a 1.5 MeV electron beam accelerator, at room temperature in the presence of air. Mechanical properties showed significant changes (p < 0.05), specially in sealability that was severely affected. Changes in mechanical properties were discussed in relation to the eight day and the six month period after irradiation. In addition, the DSC analysis six months after treatment showed that the fusion enthalpy of the PET/LDPE structure components increase for the LDPE from 10 kGy and decrease for the PET up to 120 kGy (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the LDPE/PA6/ LDPE presented increase in the LDPE and PA up to 120 kGy, except for LDPE at 10 and 15 kGy and PA at 5 kGy doses (p < 0.05). The effects of irradiation were less severe for the LDPE/PA6/LDPE than for the PET/LDPE. The electron-beam irradiation did not show advantageous results that could be of interest for commercial applications for the film industry, but brings important information about the packaging behavior for food producers who may decide to use irradiation as a form of cold pasteurization of their packed products.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 141-144
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Atomic force microscopy investigation of electron beam (EB) irradiated composites based on biodegradable polymers and coconut fiber*
    Autorzy:
    Kodama, Y.
    Oishi, A.
    Nagasawa, N.
    Nakayama, K.
    Tamada, M.
    Machado, L. D. B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147470.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    atomic force microscopy (AFM)
    coconut fiber
    electron beam (EB) radiation
    force modulation microscopy (FMM)
    poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)
    poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)
    scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
    Opis:
    In this study, the addition of natural fibers to biodegradable PCL, PLLA blend and the effect of ionizing radiation on the surface of composites were investigated by force modulation microscopy (FMM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hot pressed sheets were prepared using pellets of twin extruded PCL:PLLA 20:80 (w:w) blend containing 5% or 10% weight concentration of coconut fiber. In this study coconut fibers non treated chemically and acetylated ones were used. Irradiation was performed using an electron beam (EB) accelerator and an absorbed dose of 100 kGy. FMM images acquisition was obtained using a silicon cantilever, intermittent contact mode (tapping mode). Also, AFM images were obtained using tapping mode but J scanner. By FMM, it was possible to observe regions with different elasticity indicating fiber presence under the surface of the composite. Furthermore, it appears that the spherical structures size decreased on composites. This probably was induced by ionizing radiation.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 4; 459-468
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radiation processing of polymers and semiconductors at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
    Autorzy:
    Zimek, Z.
    Przybytniak, G.
    Kałuska, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146107.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beam accelerators
    radiation processing
    Opis:
    R&D studies in the field of radiation technology in Poland are mostly concentrated at the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT). The results of the INCT works on polymer and semiconductor modification have been implemented in various branches of national economy, particularly in industry and medicine. Radiation technology for polymer modification was implemented in the middle of the 1970-ties. Among others, the processes of irradiation and heat shrinkable products expansion have been developed. The transfer of this technology to Polish industry was performed in the middle of the 1980-ties. The present study aims at the formulation of new PE composites better suited to new generation of heat shrinkable products, for example, a new generation of hot-melt adhesives has been developed to meet specific requirements of customers. Modified polypropylene was used for the production of medical devices sterilized by radiation, especially disposable syringes, to overcome the low radiation resistance of the basic material. Modified polypropylene (PP-M) has been formulated at the INCT to provide material suitable for medical application and radiation sterilization process. Modification of semiconductor devices by EB was applied on an industrial scale since 1978 when the INCT and the LAMINA semiconductor factory successfully adopted that technology to improve specific semiconductor devices. This activity is continued on commercial basis where the INCT facilities served to contract irradiation of certain semiconductor devices according to the manufacturing program of the Polish factory and customers from abroad.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51,suppl.1; 129-132
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Specific heat of selected graphites used in calorimetry of electron beam and its influence on the accuracy of measurement of large dose
    Autorzy:
    Panta, P.
    Głuszewski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiation processing
    radiation sterilization
    electron beam (EB)
    high dose calorimetry
    calibration
    electron energy
    Opis:
    Calorimetry is applicable to both absolute calibration of routine dosimeters and absolute measurements of electron beam (EB) intensity (for industrial radiation processing). Advantages of graphite as the absorbing calorimetric material are a good heat capacity and negligible heat defect of this material. Knowledge of the specific heat capacities of the calorimetric core materials is fundamental in making absolute dose measurements. Two kinds of high-purity graphite used in calorimeters were analysed, i.e. Union Carbide grade AGOT and nuclear grade graphite [10]. There are some differences of specific heat of these graphites, up to 2% , which influence dosimetric response of calorimeters made of them.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.2; 55-57
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combination of methods of thermal and radiation treatment of sediments associated with PCBs : the Delor type
    Autorzy:
    Fülöp, Marko
    Šagátová, Andrea
    Benkovský, Ivan
    Prokes, Karel
    Foltinova, Lubica
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055684.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beam
    heat treatment
    polychlorinated biphenyls
    radiation degradation
    Opis:
    An efficient method of burning polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is often used to remove the environmental burden of PCBs. However, combustion produces toxic dioxins and furans (PCDD/F), so residents are increasingly rejecting this method. The heat treatment (HT) method does not burn PCBs but evaporates it from sediments. Even in this process, PCDD/Fs are formed to a lesser extent, which are destroyed by radiation processing (RP) following the HT. At the same time, the RP method degrades PCB congeners down to biphenyls, which decompose easily in the environment. A block assembly of a complex synergistic combination of equipment for methods of thermal (HT) and radiation (RP) destruction of PCBs in sediments is proposed. The efficacy of this complex was preliminarily determined at a level of 70-fold reduction in PCB concentration in sediments. To achieve a higher reduction factor in the concentration of PCBs, possible procedures for optimizing the settings of individual devices of this complex are presented.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2021, 66, 4; 207--211
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Remediation of polluted waters and wastewater by radiation processing
    Autorzy:
    Sampa, M. H. O.
    Takács, E.
    Gehringer, P.
    Rela, P. R.
    Ramirez, T.
    Amro, H.
    Trojanowicz, M.
    Botelho, M. L.
    Han, B.
    Solpan, D.
    Cooper, W. J.
    Emmi, S. S.
    Wojnárovits, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beam
    wastewater treatment
    pesticides
    dyes
    degradation
    radiation technology
    Opis:
    Application of radiation processing for drinking water, wastewater, and groundwater treatment is a cost effective process which may insure adequate availability of that resource worldwide. This paper summarizes the results of a Coordinated Research Project (organized by the IAEA) with participants from 10 countries with the purpose of describing the degradation mechanism of organic impurities, and establishing optimal treatment conditions. Decoloration, disinfection, microbiological and toxicological experiments are also mentioned. These experiments led to pilot plants and also to a large scale industrial realization of radiation technology.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 4; 137-144
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of electron radiation on sugar content in inverted liquid sugar
    Autorzy:
    Podadera, P.
    Sabato, S. F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148037.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beam
    ionizing radiation
    inverted liquid sugar
    physicochemical properties
    Opis:
    Inverted liquid sugar is a mixture of sucrose, glucose and fructose, which shows its relevant characteristic on high sweetness power. Ionizing radiation has been applied to different kind of food and ingredients for different reasons, such as pathogens reduction, disinfestations, quarantine purposes, ripening delay among others. Radiation from an electron beam can be utilized as a technique to treat this ingredient because it can process a great volume of material per unit of time. The main goal of this paper was to verify the effect of radiation on the properties of inverted liquid sugar. This ingredient was irradiated in an electron accelerator (Radiation Dynamics) at a dose ranging from 5 to 50 kGy. Sucrose content measurements were reduced by 23% at 30 kGy when compared to control and the reduced sugar content increased around 11%. Density and moisture values were not affected by radiation. The total soluble solids (Brix degrees) rose in function of the absorbed dose.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 2; 85-87
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radiation curing: coatings and composites
    Autorzy:
    Berejka, A. J.
    Montoney, D.
    Cleland, M. R.
    Loiseau, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148453.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiation curing
    fiber composites
    coatings
    electron beam
    X-ray
    matrices
    Opis:
    The initial experiments conducted in the late 1960's at Radiation Dynamics, Inc. (now IBA Industrial, Inc.) showed that by removing the pigment from a radiation curable coating formulation, the same binder system could be used as a matrix system for electron beam (EB) cured fiber reinforced composites. Recently, the binder systems used for EB curable coatings have also been successfully used (without pigments) as the matrices for EB and X-ray cured fiber composites. Insights gained from the development of coatings were translated into desirable properties for matrix materials. For example, understanding the surface wetting characteristics of a coating facilitated the development of a matrix that would wet fibers; the development of coatings that would adhere to rigid substrates as metal while being bent, as for coil coatings, and which would exhibit impact resistance when cured on a metal also imparted impact resistance to cured composite materials. Thermal analyses conducted on the coating binder cured at low energies were consistent with analyses performed on thick cross-sections as used for matrices. The configuration of the final product then dictated the modality of curing, be it low-energy EB for coatings or higher energy EB or X-ray curing for composites. In industrial radiation chemistry, one deals with monomers and oligomers (similar to 102 and similar to 103 to 104 Daltons molecular weight, respectively). Thus, one can approach the development of coating binders or matrix systems as one would approach the synthesis of organic polymers. The desired final material is a fully cured and cross-linked polymer. In contrast, concepts involved in “formulating” are often derived from dealing with high molecular weight polymers (similar to 105 + Daltons) in which intense mechanical mixing is used to bring different ingredients together. When synthesizing a radiation curable coating or matrix system, greater attention is given to microphase compatibility as reflected in the microhomogeneity of the entire material.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 97-106
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electron beam technology for biogas and biofertilizer generation at municipal resource recovery facilities
    Autorzy:
    Chmielewski, Andrzej G.
    Sudlitz, Marcin
    Han, Bumsoo
    Pillai, Suresh D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055685.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    biogas
    biofertilizer
    cogeneration
    electron beam
    ionizing radiation
    municipal wastewater plant sludge
    phosphorus
    resource recovery facility
    sludge hygenization
    Opis:
    In the era of circular economies, municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are viewed as resource recovery facilities. At the very minimum, the targeted resources are water, biogas, and phosphorus. However, municipal wastewater streams (sludge and effluent) need to be adequately treated to eliminate the potential for the transmission of microbial pathogens including protozoa, bacteria, and viruses. This paper presents the results from a study demonstrating the use of electron beam technology for sludge hygenization and enhanced methane (biogas) production using municipal wastewater samples. Cogeneration of heat for fertilizer drying and granulation and electricity for powering the electron beam system are also demonstrated.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2021, 66, 4; 213--219
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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