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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Exhalation rate of radon-222 from concrete and cement mortar
    Autorzy:
    Perna, Allan Felipe Nunes
    Paschuk, Sergei Anatolyevich
    Corrêa, Janine Nicolosi
    Narloch, Danielle Cristine
    Barreto, Rafael Carvalho
    Del Claro, Flávia
    Denyak, Valeriy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    cement mortar
    concrete
    exhalation rate
    radon-222
    Opis:
    The main sources of radon in the air of dwellings are soil, building materials, and groundwater. This study aimed to determine the exhalation rate of 222Rn from samples made of concrete and cement mortars, as well as to evaluate by means of gamma spectrometry the hazard indexes associated with other radionuclides present in the studied samples of building materials. The results obtained allowed the comparison of the exhalation rate of radon using theoretical calculations based on one-dimensional and three-dimensional models. Measurements of the activity concentration of radon in air was performed by AlphaGuard radon detector. Furthermore, obtained results were compared with the measurements performed inside the concrete test cells. These test cells were built with the aim of simulating a dwelling in small dimensions and to evaluate indoor radon activity associated with concrete. Consequently, the obtained results of radon exhalation rate, in becquerel per meter squared per hour, for the concrete was 2.55 ± 0.03 Bq•h–1•m–2 for the 1D model and 0.461 ± 0.008 Bq•h–1•m–2 for the 3D model. The exhalation rate of radon, for the cement mortar was 1.58 ± 0.03 Bq•h–1•m–2 for the 1D model and 0.439 ± 0.011 Bq•h–1•m–2 for the 3D model. The indoor concentration of 222Rn from the test cell was 112 ± 9 Bq/m3 . These values were below the limit of 300 Bq/m3 recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and <148 Bq/m3 , the limit recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Even so, these values should be the subject of concern since that activity is related only to the contribution of concrete walls.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 3; 65-72
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Intercomparison of radon CR-39 detector systems conducted in CLORs calibration chamber
    Autorzy:
    Mamont-Cieśla, K.
    Stawarz, O.
    Karpińska, M.
    Kapała, J.
    Kozak, K.
    Grządziel, D.
    Chałupnik, S.
    Chmielewska, I.
    Olszewski, J.
    Przylibski, T. A.
    Żebrowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148842.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon-222
    CR-39 track detector
    intercomparison
    RadoSys
    Opis:
    Six radon laboratories, which perform indoor radon measurements to jointly investigate temporal variations of radon concentration in houses in a couple of regions in Poland, participated in the intercomparison exercise. There are involved three commercially available Hungarian RadoSys systems and four own laboratory methods. All of them are based on the etched-track CR-39 detectors. The intercomparison was conducted in a calibration laboratory of the Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (CLOR), Warsaw, Poland, accredited by the Polish Center for Accreditation (previously AP 101, at present AP 057). Comparison measurements were performed during three expositions in the CLOR’s radon calibration chamber under controlled normal climatic conditions and steady radon concentration. The results were referred to the value of the radon concentration determined by AlphaGUARD monitor traceable to the primary 222Rn standard in Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunchweig, Germany. The mean performance ratio defined as a ratio of the reference to participant’s result range from 0.88 to 1.31.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 589-593
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thorium nuclear fuel - thoron aspect
    Autorzy:
    Zagórski, Z. P.
    Głuszewski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148763.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    CR-39
    nuclear fuel
    radon-220
    radon-222
    thorium fuel
    thoron
    Opis:
    The communication reports a serious complication connected with preparation, storage and transportation of fuel for thorium and uranium/thorium nuclear reactors. Whereas uranium fuel of any degree of enrichment is free from radium, which produces radon-222, thorium itself produces thoron (radon-220). Measurement of thoron by a routine ionization-chamber device around a small sample of 2 g thorium dioxide shows already the health endangerment situation. The presence of thoron is also confirmed by a typical solid state dosemeter (polymer CR-39), exposed to the air around ThO2 and etched afterwards with warm NaOH solution. The unavoidable presence of thoron can cause increase of price of production of nuclear fuel, demanding special approach to the method of manufacture.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 407-408
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon on the ground floor in the buildings of pre-university education in Montenegro
    Autorzy:
    Vukotic, Perko
    Zekic, Ranko
    Andjelic, Tomislav
    Svrkota, Nikola
    Djurovic, Andrija
    Dlabac, Aleksandar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148189.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    ground-floor rooms
    pre-university institutions
    Radon-222
    univariate and multivariate analysis
    Opis:
    A national radon survey was performed recently in all buildings of pre-university education in Montenegro. During the school year 2016/2017, radon (222Rn) was measured with passive detectors (Radosys, RSFV type) in 2855 ground-floor rooms of 468 buildings. The average 9-month radon activity concentrations above the level of 300 Bq/m3 were found in 728 rooms, which belong to 213 buildings, while in 111 rooms, belonging to 47 buildings, they were above 1000 Bq/m3 . Radon concentrations in the educational buildings, averaged over all sampled ground-floor rooms in a building, range from 16 Bq/m3 to 2810 Bq/m3 , with arithmetic mean (AM) = 275 Bq/m3 . They follow a log-normal distribution with geometric mean (GM) = 174 Bq/m3 and geometric standard deviation (GSD) = 2.58. There are 135 buildings with average indoor radon concentrations on the ground floor above 300 Bq/m3 and 18 buildings where they are above 1000 Bq/m3 . The influence of the nine factors (climate, urban/rural area, age of building, number of stories, building materials, basement, foundation slab, window frames, and heating) on radon concentrations in the buildings was analysed by univariate (UVA) and multivariate (MVA) methods. The univariate analysis revealed the significant relationship of the four factors: age of buildings, basement, building materials, and window frames with radon concentrations on the ground floor in the buildings, while multivariate analysis added to those factors urban/rural area and number of stories, but excluded building materials as a factor infl uencing signifi cantly radon concentrations.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 53-58
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dose assessment and radioactivity of the mineral water resources of Dimeh springs in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran
    Autorzy:
    Shahbazi-Gahrouei, D.
    Saeb, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146762.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radium-226
    radon-222
    radioactivity
    effective dose
    Dimeh springs
    Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
    Opis:
    . One of the main sources of public exposure from natural radioactivity is radium and radon and its short lived decay products. The aim of this study is focused on determining the concentration of mentioned radionuclides in the mineral water resources in one of the highest altitude regions (Zagros Mountains), the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, in South-West Iran, namely the Dimeh springs. Eighty drinking spring water samples were taken from the Dimeh springs (ten samples for each spring) to determine radium-226 (226Ra) and radon-222 (222Rn) concentrations using the emanation method and a liquid scintillation counting method, respectively. The results of this study showed that the effective dose from the consumption of drinking water of Dimeh springs (6.4 žSv/y) is not comparable to the other annual effective dose such as inhalation of radon and its products in cosmic and terrestrial rays published by one of the authors previously. Also, the annual effective dose measured here is much lower than the worldwide mean value 0.45 mSv reported by USCEAR, 2000 and is also low enough and below the proposed limits in other countries and this is the reason why this sources of water may be considered as safe drinking water in the region.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 1; 31-34
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal and diurnal variation of outdoor radon (222Rn) concentrations in urban and rural area with reference to meteorological conditions
    Autorzy:
    Podstawczyńska, A.
    Kozak, K.
    Pawlak, W.
    Mazur, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    outdoor radon (222Rn) concentration
    urban climate
    seasonal variation
    diurnal variation
    meteorological parameters
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to investigate temporal variability of outdoor radon (222Rn) concentration registered in the center of Łódź (urban station), at Ciosny (rural station) and Kraków (suburban station) in relation to meteorological parameters (i.e. air temperature, temperature vertical gradient, wind speed, soil heat flux, volumetric water content in soil) with special consideration of urban-rural differences. Continuous measurements of 222Rn concentration (at 60 min intervals) were performed at a height of 2 m above the ground using AlphaGUARDŽ PQ2000PRO (ionization chamber) from January 2008 to May 2009. 222Rn levels were characterized by a diurnal cycle with an early morning maximum and a minimum in the afternoon. The well-marked 24 h pattern of radon concentration occurred in summer at anticyclonic weather with cloudless sky, light wind and large diurnal temperature ranges. The urban measurement site was characterized by the lowest atmospheric 222Rn concentration and an urban-rural differences of radon levels increased from winter to summer and during the nighttime periods. The maximum contrasts of 222Rn levels between Łódź and Ciosny, reaching – 30 Bqźm–3, were registered in June and July during the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon (a positive thermal anomaly of a city if compared to rural area) and strong thermal inversion near the ground in the rural area.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 543-547
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon-based technique for the analysis of atmospheric stability : a case study from Central Poland
    Autorzy:
    Podstawczyńska, A.
    Chambers, S. D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146556.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon-222
    Central Poland
    stability classification
    stable nocturnal boundary layer
    atmospheric mixing state
    Polska centralna
    klasyfikacja stabilności
    Opis:
    An economical and easy-to-implement technique is outlined by which the mean nocturnal atmospheric mixing state (“stability”) can be assessed over a broad (city-scale) heterogeneous region solely based on near- -surface (2 m above ground level [a.g.l.]) observations of the passive tracer radon-222. The results presented here are mainly based on summer data of hourly meteorological and radon observations near Łodź, Central Poland, from 4 years (2008–2011). Behaviour of the near-surface wind speed and vertical temperature gradient (the primary controls of the nocturnal atmospheric mixing state), as well as the urban heat island intensity, are investigated within each of the four radon-based nocturnal stability categories derived for this study (least stable, weakly stable, moderately stable, and stable). On average, the most (least) stable nights were characterized by vertical temperature gradient of 1.1 (0.5)⁰C·m-1, wind speed of ~0.4 (~1.0) m·s-1, and urban heat island intensity of 4.5 (0.5)⁰C. For sites more than 20 km inland from the coast, where soils are not completely saturated or frozen, radon-based nocturnal stability classification can significantly enhance and simplify a range of environmental research applications (e.g. urban climate studies, urban pollution studies, regulatory dispersion modelling, and evaluating the performance of regional climate and pollution models).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2018, 63, 2; 47-54
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon 222Rn in drinking water of West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Wieprzowski, K.
    Bekas, M.
    Waśniewska, E.
    Wardziński, A.
    Magiera, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146558.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    drinking water
    ionizing radiation
    Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
    preliminary monitoring of radioactivity
    radon-222 concentration
    West Pomeranian Voivodeship
    woda pitna
    promieniowanie jonizujące
    województwo kujawsko-pomorskie
    wstępne monitorowanie radioaktywności
    stężenie radonu-222
    województwo zachodniopomorskie
    Opis:
    Radon Rn-222 is a commonly occurring natural radionuclide found in the environment from uranium- -radium radioactive series, which is the decay product of radium Ra-226. The presence of radon carries negative health effects. It is, in fact, classifi ed as a carcinogen, and therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor its concentration. The aim of this study was to determine the level of radon-222 concentration in water intended for human consumption in the two voivodeships of Poland: West Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian. Measurements were performed for more than 60 intakes. The level of radon was measured by using the liquid scintillation counting method. The range of measured radon concentration in the water from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship was from 0.90 to 11.41 Bq/dm3 with an average of 5.01 Bq/dm3, while that from the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship was from 1.22 to 24.20 Bq/dm3 with an average of 4.67 Bq/dm3. Only in three water intakes, the concentration of radon-222 exceeded the value of 10 Bq/dm3. The obtained results allowed to conclude that population exposure associated with radon-222 in water is negligible and there is no need to take further action. In the case of three intakes where a higher concentration of radon was found, the potential exposure was low.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2018, 63, 2; 43-46
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The characteristics of radon and thoron concentration from soil gas in Shenzhen City of Southern China
    Autorzy:
    Wang, N.
    Zheng, L.
    Chu, X.
    Li, S.
    Yan, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148789.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    222Rn/220Rn
    soil gas
    radon mapping
    China
    Opis:
    Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) from soil gas are very significant factors that can affect the indoor radon level in the first floor or in the basement. China is one of the countries with the highest thorium content in the world. Therefore, it is very significant to study 222Rn/220Rn concentration in the soil in Shenzhen City (SC). A 222Rn/220Rn survey was performed using a portable radon monitor (model RAD7) at 69 sites, covered a total area of 1800 km2 in 2013 to get the original data for radon risk estimation in SC. The average values of 222Rn and 220Rn concentration of soil gas of the total 69 locations are 86 ± 72 kBq•m–3 and 118 ± 85 kBq•m–3, respectively. 222Rn/220Rn concentrations are related to geological lithology. 222Rn concentrations vary from 40 to 370 kBq•m–3 and from 15 to 118 kBq•m–3 in weathered granite products and sediments, respectively, while 220Rn concentrations are from 103 to 435 kBq•m–3 and 2.2 to 96 kBq•m–3. The higher 220Rn values were mainly observed at the sites covered by the weathered granite products. Comparing with the areas of high 222Rn concentration, the areas of high 220Rn values are larger. The distribution of 222Rn concentration in the vertical direction displays an exponential distribution mode, but there is no rule of 220Rn concentration. The investigation suggests that people should pay attention to 220Rn contribution in the radon mapping of SC, as well as in the indoor radon survey.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 315-319
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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