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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20
Tytuł:
Research on interactions of plasma streams with CFC targets in the Rod Plasma Injector facility
Autorzy:
Zaloga, D. R.
Kwiatkowski, R.
Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
Sadowski, M. J.
Nowakowska-Langier, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
CFC target
optical spectroscopy
plasma streams
plasma-target interaction
Opis:
This paper present results of optical spectroscopy studies of interactions of intense plasma streams with a solid target made of carbon fibre composite (CFC). The experiments were carried out within the Rod Plasma Injector (RPI) IBIS facility. The optical measurements were performed first for a freely propagating plasma stream in order to determine the optimal operational parameters of this facility. Optical emission spectra (OES) were recorded for different operational modes of the RPI IBIS device, and spectral lines were identified originating from the working gas (deuterium) as well as some lines from the electrode material (molybdenum). Subsequently, optical measurements of plasma interacting with the CFC target were performed. In the optical spectra recorded with the irradiated CFC samples, in addition to deuterium and molybdenum lines, many carbon lines, which enabled to estimate erosion of the investigated targets, were recorded. In order to study changes in the irradiated CFC samples, their surfaces were analysed (before and after several plasma discharges) by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The analysis of the obtained SEM images showed that the plasma irradiation induces noticeable changes in the surface morphology, for example vaporisation of some carbon fi bres and formation of microcracks. The obtained EDS images showed that upon the irradiated target surface, some impurity ions are also deposited, particularly molybdenum ions from the applied electrodes.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 179-183
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Target preparation of RbCl on a copper substrate by sedimentation method for the cyclotron production of no-carrier-added 85Sr for endotherapy
Autorzy:
Sadeghi, M.
Alipoor, Z.
Kakavand, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
rubidium chloride
target
sedimentation
radionuclide
Opis:
85Sr was produced via the 85Rb(p,n)85Sr reaction. Rubidium chloride deposition on copper substrate was carried out via the sedimentation method in order to produce strontium-85. Optimum conditions were achieved as a result of several repeated experiments with different amount of ethyl cellulose (EC) and acetone. 520 mg of RbCl, 208 mg of EC 4 mL of acetone were used to prepare a layer of enriched rubidium chloride of 11.69 cm2 area and 62.2 mg/cm2 thickness. Target quality control was done by a SEM photomicrograph and a thermal shock test. The deposited target was irradiated at a 20 ěA current and a 15 MeV proton beam for 30 min. No degradation was observed. The RbCl surface following bombardment was white, except the central area that was light brown and also without any crack or peeling off.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 303-306
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electromagnetic pulses produced by expanding laser - produced Au plasma
Autorzy:
De Marco, M.
Cikhardt, J.
Krása, J.
Velyhan, A.
Pfeifer, M.
Krouský, E.
Klír, D.
Řezáč, D.
Limpouch, J.
Margarone, D.
Ullschmied, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147922.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
laser-produced plasma
electromagnetic pulse (EMP)
return target current
Moebius loop antenna
inductive target probe
Opis:
The interaction of an intense laser pulse with a solid target produces large number of fast free electrons. This emission gives rise to two distinct sources of the electromagnetic pulse (EMP): the pulsed return current through the holder of the target and the out flow of electrons into the vacuum. A relation between the characteristics of laser-produced plasma, the target return current and the EMP emission are presented in the case of a massive Au target irradiated with the intensity of up to 3 × 1016 W/cm2. The emission of the EMP was recorded using a 12 cm diameter Moebius loop antennas, and the target return current was measured using a new type of inductive target probe (T-probe). The simultaneous use of the inductive target probe and the Moebius loop antenna represents a new useful way of diagnosing the laser–matter interaction, which was employed to distinguish between laser-generated ion sources driven by low and high contrast laser pulses.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 239-243
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of heat transfer parameters on rhodium target for 103Pd production
Autorzy:
Sadeghi, M.
Tenreiro, C.
Van den Winkel, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
heat transfer
103Pd
rhodium
target
Opis:
The efficiency of cooling and the particle beam characteristics are important when high beam current irradiations are intended for production of radionuclides. The efficiency of cooling is determined by both the target carrier geometry and the flow rate of coolant, while the beam characteristics deal with the current density distribution on the irradiated surface area. Heat transfer on rhodium target to produce 103Pd via the 103Rh(p,n)103Pd reaction was investigated and the beam current was obtained more than 500 mi A.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 3; 169-173
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Results of large scale Plasma-Focus experiments and prospects for neutron yield optimization
Autorzy:
Sadowski, M.
Scholz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
neutron yield
nuclear target
optimization
plasma focus
Opis:
This paper summarizes results of the recent Plasma-Focus (PF) studies carried out with different PF facilities in Poland, which were operated at energies ranging from 100 kJ to about 1000 kJ. Particular attention has been paid to currentsheath (CS) dynamics, the emission of pulsed X-rays, fast electron beams, energetic ion beams, and fusion-produced neutrons. Some efforts, undertaken in order to increase the neutron emission, have been described. In particular, nuclear targets made of D2O-ice layers, which were deposited upon special cryogenic devices, have been applied in the PF-360 machine. An increase in the neutron yield from 2.4×1010 up to 3.8×1010 neutrons per shot has been achieved in 130-kJ discharges. With the PF-1000 machine, for the first time the well-formed plasma pinch columns were obtained in PF discharges performed at 1 MJ, and the neutron yield of 2×1011 neutrons per shot was achieved.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 1; 31-37
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Production and quality control of 66Ga radionuclide
Autorzy:
Sabet, M.
Rowshanfarzad, P.
Jalilian, A.
Ensaf, M.
Rajamand, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gallium-66
cyclotron
radiochemical separation
target recovery
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to develop the required targetry and radiochemical methods for production of 66Ga, according to its increasing applications in various fields of science. The 66Zn(p,n)66Ga reaction was selected as the best choice for the production of 66Ga. The targets were bombarded with 15 MeV protons from cyclotron (IBA-Cyclone 30) at the Nuclear Research Center for Agriculture and Medicine (NRCAM) with a current of 180 mA for 67 min. ALICE and SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) nuclear codes were used to predict the optimum energy and target thickness. Targets were prepared by electroplating 95.73% enriched 66Zn on a copper backing. Chemical processing was performed by a no-carrier-added method consisting of ion exchange chromatography and liquid-liquid extraction. Anion exchange chromatography was also used for the recovery of target material. Quality control of the product was carried out in two steps of chemical and radionuclide purity control. The activity of 66Ga was 82.12 GBq at EOB and the production yield was 410.6 MBq/mAh. The radiochemical separation yield was 93% and the yield of chemical recovery of the target material was 97%. Quality control tests showed a radionuclide purity higher than 97% and the amounts of chemical impurities were in accordance with the United States Pharmacopoeiae levels.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 3; 147-154
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer simulation of temperature distribution on a solid target for 201Tl production
Autorzy:
Aboudzadeh Rovais, M. R.
Yousefi, K.
Ardaneh, K.
Mirzaii, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
heat transfer
computer simulation
solid target
thallium-201
Opis:
Thallium-201 is of great interest in nuclear medicine for diagnostic purposes. It is produced by the 203Tl(p,3n)201Pb nuclear reaction. Since the target for 201Tl production is a solid target and the maximum beam current for the irradiation has a direct relation with its temperature surface, therefore, the control of temperature during the irradiation is essential. Designing a proper cooling system is one of the important and determining parameters in radionuclide production efficiency. Non-controlled temperature would cause melting and consequently loss of target materials that could be very costly especially when an isotopically enriched material is used. In this study, the heat transfer and temperature distribution on the target has been simulated based on a computational fluid dynamics (CDF) code for the thermal behavior of the target during the irradiation and under the different beam currents, cooling flow rates and target designing. The results on the routinely used target for the production of 201Tl in AMIRS, showed that there was a good linearity between proton beam currents (in the range of 100–350 mi A) and maximum temperature on the thallium target (345–458 K). The results also showed that the flow rate of the cooling water can be brought down (from routinely used 45 L/min) to 15 L/min without any risk of melting of target material.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 283-289
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Production of [18F] fluoride with a high-current two layer spherical gold target
Autorzy:
Mirzaii, M.
Afarideh, H.
Hadji-Saeid, S.
Aslani, G.
Ensaf, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
water target
[18F] fluorine
FDG
PET
high current
Opis:
A new automated target for high yield production of aqueous [18F] fluoride at high beam currents has been constructed for a cyclotron at NRCAM in Karaj (Cyclone 30). It consists of one small golden sphere inside another target chamber, mounted into a special holder, which provides rapid cooling by water flow around and inside the sphere. The target is irradiated with 28 MeV protons. The incident energy on the target chamber is 18 MeV. This target is operated without external overpressure and has been tested for beam currents up to 60 ěA. The measured target yield is 80% of the theoretically calculated yield of 18F, which is used for the synthesis of [18F] 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 1; 23-27
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies of Plasma-Focus discharges within the PF-360 facility equipped with needle D2O-ice target
Autorzy:
Baranowski, J.
Jakubowski, L.
Sadowski, M.
Zebrowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
cryogenic target
current sheath
neutrons yield
plasma focus
X-ray
Opis:
The paper describes a new technique which has been investigated in order to overcome the neutron saturation effect and to increase the neutron yield from the plasma-focus (PF) discharges [1]. The PF-360 experimental facility was constructed at the Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies (IPJ) in Swierk, Poland in the late 70s [4, 5]. Recently in order to improve the neutron yield from the PF-360 machine, it was proposed to use a cryogenic deuterium target, which might be placed within the plasma-focus region. For this purpose, we have been made a needle-like cryogenic target covered with a thin „heavy-ice“ layer. A considerable increase in the average neutron yield (from 1.7×1010 to about 2.2×1010 neutrons/shot) has been achieved for 122 kJ PF discharges when the needle target top was placed at a distance of about 100 mm from the electrode ends.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 69-71
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies of Plasma-Focus discharges within the PF-360 facility equipped with a planar D2O-ice target
Autorzy:
Zebrowski, J.
Baranowski, J.
Jakubowski, L.
Sadowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147057.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
cryogenic target
ion beams
neutron yield
plasma focus
X-rays
Opis:
The paper reports on investigations of dense magnetized plasmas produced within a modernized PF-360 facility, which was operated with an additional planar cryogenic target placed in the front of the electrode outlet and covered with D2O-ice layers. The main aim of these studies was to overcome the neutron saturation effect and to increase the maximum neutron yield from PF discharges by using fast deuteron beams. Such beams are usually emitted from a pinch region and can produce fast neutrons from D-D reactions during their interactions with the additional target.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 65-68
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thick zinc electrodeposition on copper substrate for cyclotron production of 64Cu
Autorzy:
Sadeghi, M.
Amiri, M.
Rowshanfarzad, P.
Gholamzadeh, Z.
Ensaf, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
zinc electrodeposition
zinc-68 target
Cu-64
production
cyclotron isotope
Opis:
Zinc-68 electrodeposition on a copper substrate was investigated for the production of 64Cu radionuclide. The electrodeposition experiments were carried out by acid plating baths. Operating parameters such as pH, temperature, and current density are also optimized. The current efficiency was measured at different current densities. The optimum conditions of the zinc electrodeposition were as follows: 6.2 gźl-1 zinc, pH = 3, dc current density of ca. 85.54 mAźcm-2 at 30°C with 98% current efficiency. SEM photomicrographs demonstrated fine-grained structure of the deposit obtained from the optimum bath.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 4; 155-160
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyclotron production of technetium radionuclides using a natural metallic molybdenum thick target and consequent preparation of [Tc]-BRIDA as a radio-labelled kit sample
Autorzy:
Targholizadeh, H.
Raisali, G.
Jalilian, A. R.
Rostampour, N.
Ensaf, M.
Dehghan, M. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
technetium
molybdenum target
thermal spray method
technetium radiochemical separation
radio--labelling
Opis:
Numerous studies have focused on the use of accelerators for production of 99mTc, but all of these investigations have been performed at low-level currents. In this research, for the first time, we have constructed a high power level natural Mo target for production of 99mTc radioisotope using cyclotrons. A high purity natural molybdenum target (130 mg/cm2), suitable for proton beam power level of several kilowatts, has been constructed using a thermal spray coating method. The target was irradiated in a Cyclone30 accelerator using 160 mi A of 25 MeV proton beam energy for 1000 mi A-h. The activity of produced 99mTc was measured as 2.75 Ci. The technetium radionuclides produced were extracted using an MEK organic phase, followed by preparation of Tc-BRIDA as a radio-labelled kit sample. Animal biodistribution studies have been performed in rats. After administration of the radio-labelled Tc-BRIDA in rats, we observed most of the radioactivity accumulated in intestine as expected for IDA derivatives. The results of measurements show a successful production of Tc radionuclides (including 99mTc) in the bombarded target and subsequent labelling of the kit with Tc. It is anticipated that the developed coating method for the production of high power Mo targets using enriched 100Mo and a proton beam of about 1 mA is capable of producing about 100 Ci of 99mTc per irradiated target. The developed high power Mo target, if constructed using enriched 100Mo, could be a practical method for a large-scale production of 99mTc for local applications near cyclotron facilities.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 113-118
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of 99Mo potential production via UO2SO4 liquid target irradiation in a 5 MW nuclear research reactor
Autorzy:
Gholamzadeh, Z.
Mirvakili, S. M.
Davari, A.
Alizadeh, M.
Joz-Vaziri, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
research reactor
99Mo production
uranyl sulphate
liquid target
MCNPX code
Opis:
The activation method for 99Mo production in comparison to fi ssionable target irradiation in research reactors is less preferable. Therefore, 99Mo yield using UO2SO4 samples was theoretically investigated. Computational results revealed admirable potential of the liquid samples for 99Mo production. Low-concentrated uranyl sulphate samples could easily be handled by the irradiation box. The sample geometry optimization improves thermal hydraulic conditions and production yield. The optimized geometry including only 0.12 g 235U produced 57Ci99Mo at end-of-irradiation (EOI) with a temperature peak of 72°C during the irradiation.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 1; 37-45
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plasma characterization of the gas-puff target source dedicated for soft X-ray microscopy using SiC detectors
Autorzy:
Torrisi, A.
Wachulak, P.
Torrisi, L.
Bartnik, A.
Węgrzyński, Ł.
Fiedorowicz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gas-puff target
plasma diagnostic technique
SiC detector
‘water-window’
EUV
Opis:
An Nd:YAG pulsed laser was employed to irradiate a nitrogen gas-puff target. The interaction gives rise to the emission of soft X-ray (SXR) radiation in the ‘water window’ spectral range (λ = 2.3÷4.4 nm). This source was already successfully employed to perform the SXR microscopy. In this work, a Silicon Carbide (SiC) detector was used to characterize the nitrogen plasma emission in terms of gas-puff target parameters. The measurements show applicability of SiC detectors for SXR plasma characterization.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 139-143
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design and manufacture of krypton gas target for 81Rb production at a 30 MeV cyclotron
Autorzy:
Rovais, M.R.A.
Mirzaii, M.
Kiyomarsi, M.
Yousefi, K.
Shadanpour, N.
Ensaf, M. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148404.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
targetry
cross-section
yield
81Rb
gas target
Monte Carlo simulator
Opis:
The cyclotron of nuclear medicine research group at the Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School (AMIRS) has been producing several radionuclides such as 201Tl, 67Ga, 18F and 81Rb for nuclear medicine centers. Gas targets are utilized in a variety of cyclotron producing radionuclides which are used in nuclear medicine centers. We report a method for the design and manufacture of a cyclotron gas target which facilitates both the collection and processing of the krypton gas target as well as the desired 81Rb. In this study a gas target was designed for routine production of 81Rb (for a 81Rb/81mKr generator) through the nuclear reaction natKr(p,2n)81Rb → 81mKr. The incident energy of protons on the target was 26.5 MeV. The gas target was made of stainless steel. The length of the target was 251 mm with double titanium windows, 20 μm in thickness. A production yield of 3.18±0.27 mCi/μA·h was obtained which was more than 80% of the calculated yield (4.1 mCi/μA·h).
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 2; 225-231
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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