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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 25
Tytuł:
Gamma-ray beam attenuation to assess the influence of soil texture on structure deformation
Autorzy:
Pires, L.
Bacchi, O.
Dias, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma-ray attenuation
soil physical properties
soil structure deformation
soil sampling
soil porosity
Opis:
Gamma-ray beam attenuation is a non-invasive technique that permits analysis of soil porosity without disturbing the region of interest of the core sample. The technique has as additional advantage to allow measurements point by point on a millimetric scale in contrast to other methodologies that are invasive and analyze the soil properties in the bulk sample volume. Soil porosity can be used as an important parameter to quantify soil structural damages, which affect soil aeration, water movement and retention. In this study, porosities of three soils different in texture were measured at various positions in order to analyze the impact of the sampling procedure on the structure of each particular soil texture. The gamma-ray attenuation system consisted of an 241Am radioactive source having an activity of 3.7 GBq, collimated with cylindrical lead collimators of 2 mm diameter. The results obtained show the presence of dense regions near the edges of samples and that different soil textures can suffer distinct deformations at sampling.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 2; 125-129
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution of stable isotopes in the River Sava in Serbia
Autorzy:
Miljević, N. R.
Golobočanin, D. D.
Nadeždić, M. L.
Ogrinc, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971539.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
hydrogen-2
oxygen-18
evaporation
Sava river
river water
Opis:
Grab water samples were collected from the research ship ‘ARGUS’ at four locations in Serbia, Ostružnica (17 rkm), Šabac (103.6 rkm), Sremska Mitrovica (136.4 rkm), and Jamena (195.0 rkm) from the mid-river, and near the left and right banks during longitudinal survey of the River Sava performed in August 2006. The stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen (2H/1H and 18O/16O) were determined along with other physicochemical and biological parameters. The δ18O values of river water ranged from −9.2‰ to −8.5‰, and δ2H values ranged from −66‰ to −61‰. Samples taken from the mid-river along the main stem of the Sava at all examined locations appeared to be isotopically the same stream water with a value of −9.0 ± 0.1‰ for δ18O and −65 ± 1.0‰ for δ2H. The results are considered in relation to the isotopic changes known to occur in water subjected to evaporation and mixing.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 129-135
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of silicon drift detectors made by Amptek and PNDetectors in application to the PHA system for W7-X
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, N.
Kaczmarczyk, J.
Kubkowska, M.
Ryć, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
plasma diagnostic
pulse height analysis
solid-state detectors
Opis:
The paper presents comparison of two silicon drift detectors (SDD), one made by Amptek, USA, and the second one by PNDetector, Germany, which are considered for a soft X-ray diagnostic system for W7-X. The sensitive area of the first one is 7 mm2 × 450 m and the second one is 10 mm2 × 450 m. The first detector is cooled by a double-stage Peltier element, while the second detector is cooled by single-stage Peltier element. Each one is equipped with a field-effect transistor (FET). In the detector from Amptek, the FET is mounted separately, while in the detector from PNDetector, the FET is integrated on the chip. The nominal energy resolution given by the producers of the fi rst and the second one is 136 eV@5.9 keV (at –50°C) and 132 eV@5.9 keV (at –20°C), respectively. Owing to many advantages, the investigated detectors are good candidates for soft X-ray measurements in magnetic confi nement devices. They are suitable for soft X-ray diagnostics, like the pulse height analysis (PHA) system for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, which has been developed and manufactured at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM), Warsaw, in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP), Greifswald. The diagnostic is important for the measurements of plasma electron temperature, impurities content, and possible suprathermal tails in the spectra. In order to choose the best type of detector, analysis of technical parameters and laboratory tests were done. Detailed studies show that the most suitable detector for the PHA diagnostics is the PNDetector.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 409-412
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of uranium concentrations in some building materials in Iraq
Autorzy:
Najam, L. A.
Tawfiq, N. F.
Yassen, Q. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
uranium concentration
fission tracks
CR-39 track detectors
building materials
Opis:
Eleven commonly used building construction materials were collected from several origins in Iraq and analyzed for uranium concentration using a fission track technique. The results of measurements of uranium concentration ranged between 0.22 ppm in ceramics and 1.86 ppm in marble. The obtained results were well below the allowed limit of 11.7 ppm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 2; 329-331
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control of the propagation of intense laser pulses in gas for laser plasma acceleration
Autorzy:
Giulietti, D.
Cecchetti, C. A.
Drenska, N. V.
Faccini, N.
Gatti, C.
Gatti, G.
Giulietti, A.
Gizzi, L.
Labate, L.
Levato, T.
Martellotti, S.
Pathak, N.
Valente, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
intense laser pulses
ultra-short laser pulse
laser plasma
plasma acceleration
Opis:
The role of the propagation mechanisms of intense and ultra-short laser pulses in gas is presented, as well as the first results of the laser plasma acceleration (LPA) tests at Frascati National Laboratories (INFN), in the frame of NTA-PLASMONX project.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 221-225
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Magnetic system of the heavy ion cyclotron for track membranes production
Autorzy:
Alenitsky, Y.
Zaplatin, N.
Onischenko, L.
Samsonov, E.
Chesnov, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
cyclotron
magnetic system
sector shim
heavy ions beam
Opis:
A heavy ion fixed energy cyclotron based on a conventional magnet with a pole diameter of 1.6 m is designed and constructed in JINR. Ions with A/Z = 5 are accelerated up to the energy E = 2.4 MeV/nucleon. The isochronous magnetic field is formed by four pairs of sector shims. The beam phase shift in formed field is less than š15°RF, and the first harmonic of magnetic field is less than 3 G for all radii of the beam acceleration. Power consumption of magnet is 25 kW. The ECR source with an intensity of 3.5 × 1012 ions/s is used as an ion source. The extracted beam (~1011 ions/s) is intended for the track membrane production.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.2; 55-57
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The characteristics of radon and thoron concentration from soil gas in Shenzhen City of Southern China
Autorzy:
Wang, N.
Zheng, L.
Chu, X.
Li, S.
Yan, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
222Rn/220Rn
soil gas
radon mapping
China
Opis:
Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) from soil gas are very significant factors that can affect the indoor radon level in the first floor or in the basement. China is one of the countries with the highest thorium content in the world. Therefore, it is very significant to study 222Rn/220Rn concentration in the soil in Shenzhen City (SC). A 222Rn/220Rn survey was performed using a portable radon monitor (model RAD7) at 69 sites, covered a total area of 1800 km2 in 2013 to get the original data for radon risk estimation in SC. The average values of 222Rn and 220Rn concentration of soil gas of the total 69 locations are 86 ± 72 kBq•m–3 and 118 ± 85 kBq•m–3, respectively. 222Rn/220Rn concentrations are related to geological lithology. 222Rn concentrations vary from 40 to 370 kBq•m–3 and from 15 to 118 kBq•m–3 in weathered granite products and sediments, respectively, while 220Rn concentrations are from 103 to 435 kBq•m–3 and 2.2 to 96 kBq•m–3. The higher 220Rn values were mainly observed at the sites covered by the weathered granite products. Comparing with the areas of high 222Rn concentration, the areas of high 220Rn values are larger. The distribution of 222Rn concentration in the vertical direction displays an exponential distribution mode, but there is no rule of 220Rn concentration. The investigation suggests that people should pay attention to 220Rn contribution in the radon mapping of SC, as well as in the indoor radon survey.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 315-319
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vitamin E content and sensory qualities of γ-irradiated sunflower whole grain cookies
Autorzy:
Taipina, M. S.
Lamardo, L. C. A.
Rodas, M. A. B.
del Mastro, N. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
ionization radiation
cookies
vitamin E
sensory evaluation
Opis:
The sources of vitamin E in the diet are oils, margarines, seeds, nuts and cereal grains. Industrialized sunflower whole grain cookies were treated with gamma irradiation and evaluated for changes in vitamin E content and sensory properties. Radiation doses were 0.0, 1.0 and 3.0 kGy, the dose rate was 3.5 kGy/h. Irradiation at 1 and 3 kGy resulted in no changes in vitamin E content measured as α-tocopherol equivalents by a colorimetric measurement based method. A sensory panel composed of 22 trained members found that irradiation even at 1 kGy induced certain small, but statistically significant differences in sensory characteristics for appearance, aroma, texture and flavor attributes. From the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that there was a notorious stability of the vitamin content of the product submitted to γ-irradiation at the assayed doses. Meanwhile, irradiation at room temperature of this ready to eat food item caused small but statistically significant effects on sensory (marketing) attributes.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 81-84
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ambient dose equivalent measurements in secondary radiation fi elds at proton therapy facility CCB IFJ PAN in Krakow using recombination chambers
Autorzy:
Jakubowska, E. A.
Gryziński, M. A.
Golnik, N.
Tulik, P.
Stolarczyk, L.
Horwacik, T.
Zbroja, K.
Góra, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
recombination chambers
workplace monitoring
proton therapy
Opis:
This work presents recombination methods used for secondary radiation measurements at the Facility for Proton Radiotherapy of Eye Cancer at the Institute for Nuclear Physics, IFJ, in Krakow (Poland). The measurements of H*(10) were performed, with REM-2 tissue equivalent chamber in two halls of cyclotrons AIC-144 and Proteus C-235 and in the corridors close to treatment rooms. The measurements were completed by determination of gamma radiation component, using a hydrogen-free recombination chamber. The results were compared with the measurements using rem meter types FHT 762 (WENDI-II) and NM2 FHT 192 gamma probe and with stationary dosimetric system.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 1; 23-28
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gamma-ray computed tomography as a tool to evaluate porosity changes along depth for surface crusted soils
Autorzy:
Pires, L. F.
Bacchi, O. O. S.
Reichardt, K.
Dias, N. M. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma-ray attenuation
soil density
soil structure
soil surface sealing
241 Am
applied nuclear physics
gamma tomography
Opis:
Assessment of changes in porosity (ö) along depth for soils with surface crusting is difficult because conventional soil physical investigation tools are destructive and usually require a long period of time for preparation and analysis of the samples. Computed tomography (CT) has frequently been used as a method to evaluate soil structure in a nondestructive, sensitive, and rapid manner. CT data can be used for measuring at a millimetric scale changes in ö along depth for soils with surface crusting. The main objective of this work was to investigate the sensibility of the gamma-ray CT to assess soil structural changes along depth in samples presenting structural crust. CT images were taken with a first generation scanner of 1.14 mm resolution along eight different soil layers within the 0 28 mm depth. Porosity increased along depth up to the 14 17.5 mm layer. Through the analysis of the ö distribution of each layer it was possible to show that the sealed surface layer presented ö values of approximately 30%, while the other layers were greater than 30% up to 60% (macropore regions). The sealing crust thickness was estimated to be in the range of 2.3 3.5 mm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 3; 125-131
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of irradiated biodegradable blends by FTIR and wide-angle X-ray diffraction
Autorzy:
Kodama, Y.
Machado, L. D. B.
Giovedi, C.
de Lima, N. B.
Nakayama, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
WAXD
FTIR
PLLA
PCL
ionizing radiation
Opis:
In the present work, twin screw extruded films of PLLA and PCL biodegradable homopolymers and 50:50 (w:w) blend were irradiated with gamma rays from Co-60 and electron beam at doses in the range of 50 to 500 kGy in order to evaluate the effect of irradiations on homopolymers and blend. The FTIR results have shown that this technique was neither sensitive enough to observe the degradation promoted by ionizing radiation of studied homopolymers and blends and, nor on the miscibility of the blends. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) of PCL samples, non-irradiated and irradiated showed two strongest reflections at angles 2theta = 21.4 degrees centigrade and 2theta = 23.7 degrees centigrade that have been attributed in the literature to the (110) and (200) reflections, respectively. As for extruded non-irradiated and irradiated PLLA, it was observed broad diffusion peaks corresponding to an amorphous polymer. PLLA annealed samples showed reflections at angles 2theta =16.4 degrees centigrade and 2theta =18.7 degrees centigrade previously attributed in the literature to distorted 103 (alfa-form) helices. It was possible to observe slight alteration of the crystallite size of all irradiated samples of PCL in the dose range studied.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 2; 107-113
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Atomic force microscopy investigation of electron beam (EB) irradiated composites based on biodegradable polymers and coconut fiber*
Autorzy:
Kodama, Y.
Oishi, A.
Nagasawa, N.
Nakayama, K.
Tamada, M.
Machado, L. D. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
atomic force microscopy (AFM)
coconut fiber
electron beam (EB) radiation
force modulation microscopy (FMM)
poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)
poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)
scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Opis:
In this study, the addition of natural fibers to biodegradable PCL, PLLA blend and the effect of ionizing radiation on the surface of composites were investigated by force modulation microscopy (FMM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hot pressed sheets were prepared using pellets of twin extruded PCL:PLLA 20:80 (w:w) blend containing 5% or 10% weight concentration of coconut fiber. In this study coconut fibers non treated chemically and acetylated ones were used. Irradiation was performed using an electron beam (EB) accelerator and an absorbed dose of 100 kGy. FMM images acquisition was obtained using a silicon cantilever, intermittent contact mode (tapping mode). Also, AFM images were obtained using tapping mode but J scanner. By FMM, it was possible to observe regions with different elasticity indicating fiber presence under the surface of the composite. Furthermore, it appears that the spherical structures size decreased on composites. This probably was induced by ionizing radiation.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 4; 459-468
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of new generation plasma optical devices
Autorzy:
Litovko, I. V.
Goncharov, A. A.
Dobrovolskiy, A. N.
Naiko, L. V.
Naiko, I. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971496.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
anode layer
plasma lens
plasma accelerator
plasma jet
space charge
Opis:
The paper presents new generation plasma optical devices based on the electrostatic plasma lens configuration that opens a novel attractive possibility for effective high-tech practical applications. Original approaches to use of plasma accelerators with closed electron drift and open walls for the creation of a cost-effective low-maintenance plasma lens with positive space charge and possible application for low-cost, low-energy rocket engine are described. The preliminary experimental, theoretical and simulation results are presented. It is noted that the presented plasma devices are attractive for many different applications in the state-of-the-art vacuum-plasma processing.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 207-212
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of the pulse plasma stream
Autorzy:
Evtikhin, V. A.
Lyublinsky, I. E.
Vertkov, A. V.
Ivanov, L. I.
Ivanov, Y. P.
Krokhin, O. N.
Nikulin, V. Y.
Polukhin, S. N.
Safronova, T. V.
Tikhomirov, A. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148327.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
interaction of plasma with matter
lithium capillary porous system
plasma dynamics
plasma focus
thermonuclear reactor
Opis:
In this report we present a first series of tests of the lithium Capillary Porous System (CPS). We suppose that such a system can be used as a first wall in a thermonuclear reactor. The main goal of the presented work was to study the behavior of the lithium CPS in the condition simulating the influence of plasma in various operating regimes of the thermonuclear reactor. The tests were conducted in a Plasma Focus (PF) installation. The preliminary analysis of the received results confirms the high resistance of the lithium CPS to the pulse influence of plasma flows.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 113-115
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Damage distributions in GaAs single crystal irradiated with 84Kr (394 MeV), 209Bi (710 MeV) and 238U (1300 MeV) swift ions
Autorzy:
Didyk, A. Y.
Komarov, F. F.
Vlasukova, L. A.
Gracheva, E. A.
Hofman, A.
Yuvchenko, V. N.
Wiśniewski, R.
Wilczyńska, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
semiconductors
gallium arsenide
swift heavy ions
inelastic energy loss
atomic force microscopy (AFM)
Opis:
We are presenting a study of damage distribution in GaAs irradiated with 84Kr ions of energy EKr = 394 MeV up to the fluence of 5 × 1012 ion/cm-2. The distribution of damage along the projected range of 84Kr ions in GaAs was investigated using selective chemical etching of a single crystal cleaved perpendicularly to the irradiated surface. The damage zone located under the Bragg peak of 84Kr ions was observed. Explanation of the observed effects based on possible processes of channeling of knocked target atoms (Ga and As) is proposed.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 2; 77-82
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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