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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16
Tytuł:
Cosmic future of nuclear and particle physics
Autorzy:
Wrochna, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147930.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
astronomy
nuclear physics
particle physics
astroparticle physics
Opis:
Abstract Astronomy and nuclear or particle physics are often considered as two opposite extremes, but in fact their common part is not empty and still enlarging. In this brief review we trace their common roots and we look for their common future. We predict that soon they will de facto merge in terms of phenomena being studied, theories used to describe them as well as experimental techniques. We gave several examples, devoting special attention to the "Pi of the Sky" project searching for optical flashes of astrophysical origin.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 25-31
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
World trends in cyclotron developments for nuclear physics and applications
Autorzy:
Baron, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
cyclotron
applications
Opis:
Today, the number of cyclotrons operating in the world largely exceeds 200. The field of uses covers production of radioisotopes for medicine, therapy by neutron and ion beams, nuclear, atomic and solid state physics research, material analysis and radiation damage studies, and production of intense neutron beams for present and future purposes. Despite this diversity, continuing efforts driven by both research laboratories as well as commercial firms result in a series of improvements in the various techniques used in the design and operation of cyclotrons. This paper intends to draw the main directions of evolution in the following issues: injection and extraction systems, beam dynamics (including high intensity issues), magnetic and electric fields computation, as well as existing and possible future applications in medicine, production of energy, neutron spallation sources and transmutation technologies. The question of a possible resurrection of FFAG (Fixed-Field, Alternating Gradient) cyclotrons, a concept invented in the fifties, will be shortly brought up.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.2; 3-11
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neutrino physics for 50 years of the Institute
Autorzy:
Szeptycka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147938.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
neutrino mile stone experiments
astrophysics neutrinos
Opis:
The experiments important for the understanding of week interactions, and neutrino properties are discussed. The unresolved problems of neutrino physics and plans for the experiment in medium and long time scale are presented. Brief description of cosmological í is given.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 33-40
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warsaw cyclotron: present status and plans of development
Autorzy:
Choiński, J.
Czosnyka, T.
Dworski, J.
Jastrzębski, J.
Kownacki, J.
Kulczycka, E.
Kurzyński, J.
Miszczak, J.
Stolarz, A.
Sudlitz, K.
Sura, J.
Zemło, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148689.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
accelerators physics
cyclotrons
application of cyclotron in nuclear
atomic and solid state physics
Opis:
The operation of the Warsaw heavy ion cyclotron is presented. Technical solutions adopted were intended to accommodate the needs of different groups of users requiring a wide scope of beam species and energies. The accelerating structure of the machine, with two 45 degree dees, allows for the operation in the harmonics modes from 2 to 6 (first harmonic mode is also possible, although the acceleration of protons and deuterons is currently not within the scope of interest). Available energies range from 2 to about 10 MeV/amu due to the wide range of the stripping extraction system. Development of the multiturn stripping extraction technique was necessary to achieve the flexibility in energy variation, otherwise not reachable due to the highly saturated iron structure, which makes impossible the change of magnetic field and radio-frequency within the desirable limits. At present, the cyclotron, equipped with the ECR ion source, is capable of delivering ion beams from gaseous media up to Ar. Available ion beam species, their energies and intensities obtained up-to-date are shown. An overview of the experiments performed on the Warsaw cyclotron, including basic nuclear physics research, solid state physics and materials science, is intended to demonstrate the potential of the facility. The efficiency of the cyclotron and the ion beam line optics is discussed, as well as the plans for the future upgrade of the cyclotron and its infrastructure.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.2; 109-115
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of electronelectron correlations on positron-electron momentum density distributions
Autorzy:
Boroński, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic structure
many-body physics
Opis:
The calculations of the influence of the self-energy effects on the electron-positron (e-p) enhancement factors and the e-p momentum distributions are presented. The approach bases on the novel formulation of the Bethe- -Goldstone (B-G) equation for the positron in an electron gas where the scattering of the electrons into the states below the Fermi surface due to the self-energy effects is allowed. This equation has been solved and the corresponding e-p enhancement factors and momentum distributions have been found. The agreement between the absolute values of the theoretical calculations and experimental data has improved noticeably.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 3-8
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser-induced ablation: physics and diagnostics of ion emission
Autorzy:
Torrisi, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
laser-generating plasma
Boltzmann distribution
time-of-flight
Opis:
Pulsed lasers generating beams of different intensities may be used to produce ablation of solid targets placed in high vacuum and to generate pulsed plasma and ion acceleration. The plasma is in a non-equilibrium condition and in the first instant the particles being generated are subject to thermal interactions, to a supersonic gas expansion in vacuum and to a Coulomb acceleration due to the high electric field developed along the normal to the target surface. The ion diagnostics, based on time-of-flight technique, allow us to measure the mean ion energy, the total number of ions, as well as the ion energy and charge state distributions. The ion energy distributions may be described by the Coulomb- -Boltzmann-Shifted (CBS) function, which after fitting to the experimental data may be used to determine the equivalent ion temperature and the accelerating voltage. Given the equivalent acceleration voltage and the plasma Debye length, it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the electric field developed in the plasma. Measurements of the ablation yield, plasma dimension and optical spectroscopy allow us to calculate the atomic and electronic plasma density and to evaluate the coronal plasma temperature. Some applications of the laser-induced ablation consist in the realization of laser ion sources (LIS), generation of multi-energetic ion beams by using a post-accelerating voltage, use of ultra-intense fs lasers to accelerate ions to energies of the order of tens MeV/nucleon. Other special applications include the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of thin films, the laser ablation coupled to mass quadrupole spectrometry (LAMQS) probes, ablation of biological tissues, and generation of plasma for astrophysical and nuclear investigations.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 113-117
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stable Bose-Einstein correlations
Autorzy:
Csörgo, T.
Hegyi, S.
Zajc, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147334.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
particle correlations
Bose-Einstein correlations
HBT
Lévy distributions
multiparticle production in high energy particle and nuclear physics
Opis:
The shape of Bose-Einstein (or HBT) correlation functions is determined for the case when particles are emitted from a stable source, obtained after convolutions of large number of elementary random processes. The two-particle correlation function is shown to have a stretched exponential shape, characterized by the Lévy index of stability 0 < alfa less-than or equal to 2 and the scale parameter R. The normal, Gaussian shape corresponds to a particular case, when alfa = 2 is selected. The asymmetry parameter of the stable source, beta is shown to be proportional to the angle, measured by the normalized three-particle cumulant correlations.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2004, 49,suppl.2; 7-10
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design, construction and performance of a pressure chamber for water retention curve determination through traditional and nuclear methods
Autorzy:
Pires, L.
Bacchi, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
soil water potential
gamma-ray attenuation
soil water content
soil physics
radioisotope application
Opis:
We present in this work a detailed design of a small low-pressure chamber outfitted with a ceramic porous plate for evaluating the soil water retention curve (SWRC) in the water potential range from 0 to -100 kPa. The chamber is made of acrylic and permits the use of one unique soil sample each time. The use of this chamber allows quick measurements of soil moisture using nuclear (based on gamma-ray attenuation) and conventional methods and SWRC determinations made with the designed chamber are in agreement with those obtained using a commercial low-pressure chamber. The chamber was designed especially for testing the use of the nuclear method as an auxiliary tool for SWRC determinations but it can be easily adapted for routine investigations and a practical alternative for the conventional SWRC method.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 4; 225-230
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Accelerator and detector physics at the Bern medical cyclotron and its beam transport line
Autorzy:
Auger, M.
Braccini, S.
Ereditato, A.
Häberli, M.
Kirillova, E.
Nesteruk, K. P.
Scampoli, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147455.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
beam monitoring
medical cyclotrons
particle accelerators
particle detectors
Opis:
The cyclotron laboratory for radioisotope production and multi-disciplinary research at the Bern University Hospital (Inselspital) is based on an 18-MeV proton accelerator, equipped with a specifi cally conceived 6-m long external beam line, ending in a separate bunker. This facility allows performing daily positron emission tomography (PET) radioisotope production and research activities running in parallel. Some of the latest developments on accelerator and detector physics are reported. They encompass novel detectors for beam monitoring and studies of low current beams.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 1; 11-14
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of instruments of nuclear physics to the calculation of theoretical dose distributions in various organs of the human body for beams used in hadrontherapy
Autorzy:
Maliszewska, W.
Sękowski, P.
Skwira-Chalot, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
carbon ions
hadrontherapy
hydrogen ions
SRIM
Xeloss
Opis:
The area of interests of nuclear physics are studies of reactions, wherein atomic nuclei of projectile collide with target nuclei. An amount of energy lost by projectile nucleus during its passing through the target is a major issue – it is important to know how charged particles interact with matter. It is possible to afford this knowledge by using theoretical programs that calculate energy loss applying the Bethe-Bloch equation. Hadrontherapy, which is a field of still growing interest, is based on the interactions of charged particles with matter. Therefore, there exists a need of creating a simple model that could be used to the calculation of dose distributions in biological matter. Two programs (SRIM, Xeloss), used to the calculation of energy loss by nuclear physicist, have been adapted to determine the dose distributions in analogues of human tissues. Results of the calculations with those programs for beams used in hadrontherapy (e.g. 1H, 12C) will be compared with experimental data available in references.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 1; 19-22
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Online and FREE access to plasma physics experiments
Autorzy:
Mendes Rossa, Pedro A.
Kuriščák, Pavel
Silva, João N.
Veiga, José
Loureiro, João P. S.
Oliveira, João
Hachmeister, Daniel
Fernandes, Horácio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202569.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
educational technology
e-lab
electromagnetic cavity
langmuir probe
remote controlled experiment
Opis:
Remote controlled laboratories had a great push during the COVID-19 pandemic. In fact, they were already out there but lacking in visibility. This external trigger pushed the academy to face a global challenge to start offering remote experiments more consistently and maturely. Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) has been offering several remote experiments since 2000 but with the need for an update due to technological aging. As such, the framework for remote experiments in education (FREE) was created based on new web technologies. In addition to the most diverse experiments that had already been developed, FREE includes two experiments that aimed at advanced-level physics students: the Langmuir probe and the electromagnetic (EM) cavity. Both allow users to configure the various parameters and to access the results in real time or check back later. All this access is done using a browser (on a PC or mobile phone) without the need to install additional software. The results of an experimental execution are stored in a database and are downloadable, allowing users to do various analyses and to determine the corresponding plasma density and temperature. In this paper, we will introduce how FREE was used in the implementation of both experiments and give an insight into their didactic approach, such as: (i) how to perform an experimental execution, (ii) the typical data set obtained with, and (iii) the corresponding analysis necessary for the user to retrieve information from it.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2023, 68, 1; 37--46
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Marie Skłodowska-Curie: teacher, mentor, research center founder, and “la Patronne
Autorzy:
Hoffman, D. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
1903 Physics Nobel Prize
1911 Chemistry Nobel Prize
marriage of Maria Skłodowska and Pierre Curie 1985
polonium and radium discoveries 1898
1906 death of Pierre Curie
Laboratory Director 1904-1934
Opis:
This year (2011) marks the 100th Anniversary of the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Marie Skłodowska-Curie for her discoveries of radium and polonium and her studies of their properties. The United Nations has proclaimed 2011 as the “International Year of Chemistry”, partly in recognition of this 100th anniversary. A resolution of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland has also established 2011 as the Year of Maria Skłodowska-Curie. Marie Curie has been celebrated this year by a host of prestigious societies and in many countries all around the world for winning Nobel Prizes in both Physics (1903), for the discovery of radioactivity together with husband Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel, and Chemistry (1911). She was the first woman to win Nobel Prizes in both Physics and Chemistry and the only one to date to win prizes in both physics and chemistry. Also remarkable was that after Pierre Curie’s tragic and untimely death in 1906, she was put in charge of his lectures and laboratory, thus marking the first time in France that a woman occupied such a prestigious academic position, and opening the way for other women to follow. The current article will focus on some of the other notable accomplishments of Marie Curie that are not as commonly recognized, including her organizational and persuasive abilities, and her unique contributions as a teacher, mentor, research center founder, and laboratory “la Patronne”.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 3; 195-202
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High Power Laser Laboratory at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion : equipment and preliminary research
Autorzy:
Zaraś-Szydłowska, A.
Badziak, J.
Rosiński, M.
Makowski, J.
Parys, P.
Piotrowski, M.
Ryć, L.
Wołowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146603.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
femtosecond pulses
high-power laser
inertial confinement fusion
laser plasma
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to present the newly-opened High Power Laser Laboratory (HPLL) at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM). This article describes the laser, the main laboratory accessories and the diagnostic instruments. We also present preliminary results of the first experiment on ion and X-ray generation from laser-produced plasma that has been already performed at the HPLL.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 245-248
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calibration and applications of modern track detectors CR-39/PM-355 in nuclear physics and high temperature plasma experiments
Autorzy:
Malinowska, A.
Szydłowski, A.
Jaskóła, M.
Korman, A.
Sartowska, B.
Sadowski, M. J.
Badziak, J.
Żebrowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
PM-355 detectors
corpuscular diagnostics
nuclear-fusion applications
Opis:
Solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) have been used for the registration of charged particles practically since the beginning of the 1960s, when a new class of detectors, called dielectric track detectors, were discovered. The paper describes applications of the SSNTDs type PM-355 for diagnostics of fusion-reaction protons and other ions emitted from plasma focus (PF) devices, tokamaks and laser facilities. Such detectors were also used in biomedical experiments for beam profile measurements. The results of our calibration studies of SSNTDs as well as charged particle- and biomedical measurements, which were carried out within different facilities, are presented.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 15-19
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gamma-ray computed tomography as a tool to evaluate porosity changes along depth for surface crusted soils
Autorzy:
Pires, L. F.
Bacchi, O. O. S.
Reichardt, K.
Dias, N. M. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma-ray attenuation
soil density
soil structure
soil surface sealing
241 Am
applied nuclear physics
gamma tomography
Opis:
Assessment of changes in porosity (ö) along depth for soils with surface crusting is difficult because conventional soil physical investigation tools are destructive and usually require a long period of time for preparation and analysis of the samples. Computed tomography (CT) has frequently been used as a method to evaluate soil structure in a nondestructive, sensitive, and rapid manner. CT data can be used for measuring at a millimetric scale changes in ö along depth for soils with surface crusting. The main objective of this work was to investigate the sensibility of the gamma-ray CT to assess soil structural changes along depth in samples presenting structural crust. CT images were taken with a first generation scanner of 1.14 mm resolution along eight different soil layers within the 0 28 mm depth. Porosity increased along depth up to the 14 17.5 mm layer. Through the analysis of the ö distribution of each layer it was possible to show that the sealed surface layer presented ö values of approximately 30%, while the other layers were greater than 30% up to 60% (macropore regions). The sealing crust thickness was estimated to be in the range of 2.3 3.5 mm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 3; 125-131
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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