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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Electron beam irradiation of r-SANEX and i-SANEX solvent extraction systems : analysis of gaseous products
    Autorzy:
    Szreder, T.
    Kocia, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148074.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron beam irradiation
    radiolytic gaseous products
    gas chromatography
    SANEX extraction systems
    Opis:
    1-Octanol/kerosene mixtures and water contacted with organic solvents were used as model solutions for r-SANEX and i-SANEX extractions systems. Investigations aimed on a quantitative evaluation of gaseous products generated in these systems under exposure to an electron beam irradiation. Influence of O2, HNO3 and the presence of model ligands and complexes on the radiation chemical yields was studied. Relatively high G(H2) values (up to 420 nmol∙J-1) for the organic phase compromise the safety issues of the extraction process and should be considered on the stage of extraction apparatus design. Based on the obtained results gaseous hydrocarbons seem to have negligible impact on safety issue. The upper limit of G(H2) values in water contacted with organic phase was established to be 85 nmol∙J-1. This value is relatively low, however, the literature data indicate that G(H2) values measured in aqueous solutions are over twice higher for α-particles irradiation than for electron beam or γ-irradiation. Thus, further investigations of these systems are necessary.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 899-905
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    TS-BTPhen as a promising hydrophilic complexing agent for selective Am(III) separation by solvent extraction
    Autorzy:
    Kaufholz, P.
    Sadowski, F.
    Wilden, A.
    Modolo, G.
    Lewis, F. W.
    Smith, A. W.
    Harwood, L. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147226.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Am-Cm separation
    TODGA
    TS-BTPhen
    liquid-liquid extraction
    Opis:
    The novel hydrophilic back-extraction agent TS-BTPhen (3,3',3'',3'''-[3-(1,10-phenanthroline-2,9- -diyl)-1,2,4-triazine-5,5,6,6-tetrayl]tetrabenzenesulfonic acid) was tested for its selectivity towards Am(III) over Cm(III) and Eu(III) with a TODGA (N,N,N',N'-tetraoctyldiglycolamide) based solvent. Batch experiments were carried out using TS-BTPhen dissolved in aqueous nitric acid solution with tracers of 152Eu, 241Am and 244Cm. A signifi cant increase of the separation factor for Cm over Am from SFCm/Am = 1.6 up to SFCm/Am = 3.3 was observed compared to the use of a TODGA-nitric acid system alone. Furthermore, stripping was possible at high nitric acid concentrations (0.6–0.7 mol/L) resulting in a low sensitivity to acidity changes. The infl uence of the TS-BTPhen concentration was analyzed. A slope of –2 was expected taking into account literature stoichiometries of the lipophilic analogue CyMe4BTPhen. However, a slope of –1 was found. Batch stripping kinetics showed fast kinetics for the trivalent actinides. As an alternative organic ligand the methylated TODGA derivate Me-TODGA (2-methyl-N,N,N',N'-tetraoctyldiglycolamide) was tested in combination with the hydrophilic TS-BTPhen. The Am(III) separation was achieved at even higher nitric acid concentrations compared to TODGA.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 815-820
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A calculation model for liquid-liquid extraction of protactinium by 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol
    Autorzy:
    Knight, A. W.
    Eitrheim, E. S.
    Nelson, A. W.
    Schultz, M. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146380.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    design of experiments
    protactinium
    solvent extraction
    Opis:
    Reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel usually employs the solvent extraction technique to recover fissile material, isolate other valuable radionuclides, recover precious metals, and remove contaminants. Effi cient recovery of these species from highly radioactive solutions requires a detailed understanding of reaction conditions and metal speciation that leads to their isolation in pure forms. Due to the complex nature of these systems, identification of ideal reaction conditions for the efficient extraction of specific metals can be challenging. Thus, the development of experimental approaches that have the potential to reduce the number of experiments required to identify ideal conditions are desirable. In this study, a full-factorial experimental design was used to identify the main effects and variable interactions of three chemical parameters on the extraction of protactinium (Pa). Specifi cally we investigated the main effects of the anion concentration (NO3 –, Cl–) extractant concentration, and solution acidity on the overall extraction of protactinium by 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol (diisobutylcarbinol; DIBC) from both HCl and HNO3 solutions. Our results indicate that in HCl, the extraction of protactinium was dominated by the solution acidity, while in nitric acid the extraction was strongly effected by the [DIBC]. Based on our results, a mathematical model was derived, that describes the relationship between concentrations of anions, extractant, and solution acidity and the expected values of Pa distribution coefficients in both HCl and HNO3. This study demonstrates the potential to predict the distribution coefficient values, based upon a mathematical model generated by a full-factorial experimental design.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 837-845
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of the Chalmers Grouped Actinide Extraction Process
    Autorzy:
    Halleröd, J.
    Ekberg, C.
    Löfström-Engdahl, E.
    Aneheim, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146113.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    BTBP-ligands
    DEHBA
    GANEX
    organic diluents
    TBP
    solvent extraction
    Opis:
    Several solvents for Grouped ActiNide EXtraction (GANEX) processes have been investigated at Chalmers University of Technology in recent years. Four different GANEX solvents; cyclo-GANEX (CyMe4- -BTBP, 30 vol.% tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) and cyclohexanone), DEHBA-GANEX (CyMe4-BTBP, 20 vol.% N,N-di-2(ethylhexyl) butyramide (DEHBA) and cyclohexanone), hexanol-GANEX (CyMe4-BTBP, 30 vol.% TBP and hexanol) and FS-13-GANEX (CyMe4-BTBP, 30 vol.% TBP and phenyl trifl uoromethyl sulfone (FS-13)) have been studied and the results are discussed and compared in this work. The cyclohexanone based solvents show fast and high extraction of the actinides but a somewhat poor diluent stability in contact with the acidic aqueous phase. FS-13-GANEX display high separation factors between the actinides and lanthanides and a good radiolytic and hydrolytic stability. However, the distribution ratios of the actinides are lower, compared to the cyclohexanone based solvents. The hexanol-GANEX is a cheap solvent system using a rather stable diluent but the actinide extraction is, however, comparatively low.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 829-835
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Characterization of solvents containing CyMe4-BTPhen in selected cyclohexanone-based diluents after irradiation by accelerated electrons
    Autorzy:
    Distler, P.
    Kondé, J.
    John, J.
    Hájková, Z.
    Švehla, J.
    Grüner, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971488.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    accelerated electrons
    CyMe4-BTPhen
    irradiation
    radiation stability
    solvent extraction
    Opis:
    Radiation stability of CyMe4-BTPhen was examined in systems with three selected cyclohexanone-based diluents. Accelerated electrons were used as a source of ionizing radiation. The CyMe4-BTPhen radiation degradation identifi cation and characterization of the degradation products were performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. Residual concentrations of tested ligand were determined. Moreover, extraction properties of the solvents irradiated at two different doses were compared with the extraction properties of non-irradiated solvents to estimate the influence of the presence of degradation products in the organic phase.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 885-891
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SACSESS : the EURATOM FP7 project on actinide separation from spent nuclear fuels
    Autorzy:
    Bourg, S.
    Geist, A.
    Narbutt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971486.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    actinide separation
    minor actinides
    nuclear fuel reprocessing
    partitioning
    solvent extraction
    pyrochemical separations
    Opis:
    Recycling of actinides by their separation from spent nuclear fuel, followed by transmutation in fast neutron reactors of Generation IV, is considered the most promising strategy for nuclear waste management. Closing the fuel cycle and burning long-lived actinides allows optimizing the use of natural resources and minimizing the long-term hazard of high-level nuclear waste. Moreover, improving the safety and sustainability of nuclear power worldwide. This paper presents the activities striving to meet these challenges, carried out under the Euratom FP7 collaborative project SACSESS (Safety of Actinide Separation Processes). Emphasis is put on the safety issues of fuel reprocessing and waste storage. Two types of actinide separation processes, hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical, are considered, as well as related aspects of material studies, process modeling and the radiolytic stability of solvent extraction systems. Education and training of young researchers in nuclear chemistry is of particular importance for further development of this field.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 809-814
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of formation constants of uranyl(VI) complexes with a hydrophilic SO3-Ph-BTP ligand, using liquid-liquid extraction
    Autorzy:
    Steczek, L.
    Narbutt, J.
    Charbonnel, M. -C.
    Moisy, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147774.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    uranyl ion
    hydrophilic poly-N-dentate ligands
    complexes
    solvent extraction
    stripping
    formation constant
    Opis:
    Complex formation between uranyl ion, UO2 2+, and a hydrophilic anionic form of SO3-Ph-BTP4– ligand, L4–, in water was studied by liquid-liquid extraction experiments performed over a range of the ligand and HNO3 concentrations in the aqueous phase, at a constant concentration of nitrate anions at 25°C . The competition for UO2 2+ ions between the lipophilic TODGA extractant and the hydrophilic L4– ligand leads to the decrease in the uranyl distribution ratios, D, with an increasing L4– concentration. The model of the solvent extraction process used accounts – apart from uranyl complexation by TODGA and SO3-Ph-BTP4– – also for uranyl complexation by nitrates and for the decrease in the concentration of the free L4– ligand in the aqueous phase, due to its protonation, bonding in the uranyl complex and the distribution between the two liquid phases. The unusually strong dependence of the D values on the acidity, found in the experiment, could hardly be explained as due to L4– protonation merely. Three hypotheses were experimentally tested, striving to interpret the data in terms of additional extraction to the organic phase of ion associates of protonated TODGA cation with either partly protonated anionic L4– ligands or anionic UO2 2+ complexes with NO3 – or L4–. None of them has been confi rmed. The analysis of the results, based on the formal correction of free ligand concentrations, points to the formation of 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 uranyl – SO3-Ph-BTP complexes in the aqueous phase. The conditional formation constant of the 1:1 complex has been determined, logβL,1 = 2.95 ± 0.15.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 2; 821-827
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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