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Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
Tytuł:
Geneza i pozycja ustrojowa Trybunału Stanu w PRL
Genesis and Systemic Position of the Tribunal of the State in the Polish People’s Republic
Autorzy:
Niewiński, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Tribunal of the State, constitutional responsibility, Polish United Workers’ Party.
Opis:
Institutions of the Tribunal of the State and constitutional responsibility were seen by the communist regime as irrelevant and unnecessary in a socialist system. The Supreme People’s State officers had only held a political responsibility before the Communist Party. Appointment the Tribunal of the State in March 26, 1982 and the introduction constitutional responsibility to the political system had to be regarded as an unexpected move by the communist authorities. The political decision on this issue was taken in the face of tumultuous events of August 1980 and born of the “Solidarity” movement, which was a threat to the hegemonic position of the Polish United Workers’ Party. In a public and inside the party came up a mainstream of the clearing. On each side could be heard voices of dissatisfaction of the way in which the state and the national economy were routed by the Political Bureau and the government. Changes at the highest echelons of power were not sufficient to calm these moods. Society and the masses of party members called for the public trial of those, who were responsibility for bringing the country to the economic crisis. In this way, the Tribunal of the State had become a tool in the hands of the new communists leaders, designed to achieve the political goals.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2013, 12; 277-319
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Restitutio ad integrum – prawno-polityczna doktryna ośrodka legalistycznego polskiej emigracji politycznej na Zachodzie (1945-1990)
Restitutio ad integrum – legal and political doctrine of the legalistic centre of the Polish political emigration in the West (1945-1990)
Autorzy:
Gotowiecki, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621876.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
ius postliminii, rząd na uchodźstwie, polska emigracja.
ius postliminii, state-in-exile, Polish emigration.
Opis:
The article raises the subject of legal and political doctrine formed by the presidential (legalistic) centre of the postwar Polish pro-independence emigration in the West. The objective of the text is to define assumptions of the mentioned doctrine as well as to analyze conditionings of this doctrine’s reception in circumstances of the system-wide transformation of the Polish People’s Republic over the years 1988-1991. The author, in a chronologically problematic order, presents political realities and legal basics of the constitutionalizing of the emigrational “state-in-exile”, ideological, legal and political fundamentals of the emigrational doctrine as well as unsuccessful – according to the au- thor – attempts to integrate the assumptions of this doctrine into the process of changes taking place in the country at the breakthrough of the 1980s and 1990s.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2016, 15, 1; 205-220
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concepts of Jan Kopczyński, President of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Regarding the Formation of the Council of State in the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Kopczyński, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27308738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Council of State
legislation
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
The paper focuses on a proposal to reform the lawmaking process in the Second Polish Republic through the establishment of a Council of State. The idea of creating a Council of State to improve the quality of legislation was widespread among the Polish legal elite of that time; many representatives of the legal profession presented their ideas in various periodicals. Particularly prominent among the supporters of this concept was the president of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, Jan Kopczyński, who submitted for discussion by his fellow lawyers several proposals he had prepared for the establishment the Tribunal. The paper describes the debate over Kopczyński’s proposals by juxtaposing them with the concepts of other representatives of the legal doctrine of the Second Polish Republic and the solutions that were applied by the government in that period. The ideas for the creation of the Council of State focused on two foreign models. The first was the French Conseil d’État, which combined legislative and administrative-court powers. The second model was the Romanian Legislative Council, whose tasks were strictly limited to legislation, without the administrative-court functions. Jan Kopczyński’s concepts were closer to the Romanian model. Kopczyński submitted three proposals to establish a Council of State, but none of his proposals was implemented. A substitute for the Council of State was to be the Legal Council to the Minister of Justice, established in 1926 by a regulation of the President of the Republic, but it quickly ended its activities encountering both reluctance of the parliament and a frigid reception by the ruling elite. The fact that the Council of State was never established, although it enjoyed widespread approval in the legal community, proves that politics always has the upper hand in a clash with legal idealism.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2023, 22, 1; 171-199
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Duty of Loyalty to the State or the ‘Polish Section’ in the 1937 Estonian Constitution
Autorzy:
Siimets-Gross, Hesi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2108811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
‘loyalty to the state’ section
1935 Polish Constitution
1937 Estonian Constitution
authoritarian regime of Konstantin Päts
Opis:
There is a common comparison between the constitutions of the authoritarian regimes of Poland (1935) and Estonia (1937). The ideological model of the 1937 Estonian Constitution, especially in the section on loyalty to the state, was the 1935 Polish Constitution; for this reason, this section was also called the ‘Polish Section’. Compared to the first, 1920 Estonian Constitution, the 1937 Constitution was much more restrictive of basic rights, in particular through its general orientation and attitude. It was precisely in this that the so-called “loyalty to the state” section (§ 8) played a special role, affecting the whole chapter by its very nature, because it could, in its wording – and according to the example of Poland – constitute a general border clause on fundamental rights and freedoms. This article analyses specifically the ‘loyalty to the state’ section but first a short overview about historical background will be given. Secondly, the drafting of the section 8 of the Estonian Constitutions in the committees’ will be described and analysed, and thirdly, the discussions in the National Assembly will be summarized.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2021, 20, 2; 113-128
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W poszukiwaniu systemu rządów u progu niepodległości (1918–1921)
In the search of a system of government at the beginning of independence (1918–1919)
Autorzy:
Prokop, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
II Rzeczpospolita, system rządów, konstytucja, parlament, głowa państwa
The Second Polish Republic, system of government, constitution, parliament, head of state
Opis:
The subject of the article is to identify the factors and conditions that determined the system of government of the II Republic of Poland in the first years after regaining independence at the end of 1918. The study is devoted to three issues: the system of government at the turn of 1918 and 1919, the system of government under the Small Constitution and the system of government in the light of drafts of the Constitution of the II Republic of Poland. According to the author substitutes of the parliamentary system of government were born already in the first weeks of the functioning the Polish state authorities. Under the Small Constitution of 20 February 1919, an attempt was made to introduce the system of parliamentary supremacy. This turned out to be impossible given the high level of authority enjoyed by the country’s head of state – Józef Piłsudski, who also served as its commander in chief. Drafts of the Constitution assumed (mostly) the weak position of the president. In this way, the Constitution of 17 March 1921 adopted the parliamentary-cabinet system of government, which was modeled on the system adopted by the III French Republic.
Przedmiotem opracowania jest określenie okoliczności, które określiły system rządów II Rzeczypospolitej w pierwszych latach po odzyskaniu niepodległości (pod koniec 1918 r.). Artykuł poświęcony jest trzem kwestiom: systemowi rządów na przełomie 1918 i 1919 r., systemowi rządów w okresie obowiązywania Małej Konstytucji oraz systemowi rządów w projektach konstytucji II Rzeczypospolitej. Autor wskazuje, iż przesłanki parlamentarnego systemu rządów pojawiły się już w pierwszych tygodniach funkcjonowania polskich władz państwowych. Pod rządami Małej Konstytucji z 20 lutego 1919 r. podjęto próbę zainstalowania systemu rządów zgromadzenia. Okazało się to niemożliwe ze względu na wysoki autorytet głowy państwa – Józefa Piłsudskiego, który piastował również funkcję Naczelnego Wodza. Projekty konstytucji zakładały (w większości) słabą pozycję prezydenta. W ten sposób Konstytucja z 17 marca 1921 r. przyjęła parlamentarno-gabinetowy system rządów, wzorowany na III Republice Francuskiej.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2018, 17, 1; 25-42
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Walka o świeckie państwo w II Rzeczypospolitej. Memoriał Polskiego Związku Myśli Wolnej z 1933 r.
The fight for a secular state in the Second Polish Republic. Memorial of the Polish Association of Free Thought from 1933
Autorzy:
Truszkowski, Bartosz Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
II Rzeczpospolita, Polski Związek Myśli Wolnej, wolnomyślicielstwo, laicyzacja, akta stanu cywilnego, relacje państwo– –kościół
The Second Polish Republic, Polish Association of Free Thought, freethinking, secularization, vital records, state-church relations
Opis:
The article aims to outline the issues involved in attempts to secularize the Polish state in the interwar period, with particular emphasis on the activity of the free- thinking movement. Through a brief description of how the freethinker’s attitude evolved over the years, propagating its ideas in Poland during the partitions, and the history of the Polish Association of Freethinkers and the Polish Association of Free Thought, the author presents the PAFT memorial sent to prime minister Janusz Jędrzejewicz in 1933. The letter outlines the problems which irreligious citizens and citizens being members of unrecognized religions had to struggle with, as well as arguments for the development of secular regulations on marital law, registration of civil status and burial of the deceased. The author then attempts to answer the question why these postulates were never implemented on the basis of an analysis of the further fate of PAFT and relations between the Catholic Church and the Polish state.
Artykuł ma na celu zarysowanie problematyki prób sekularyzacji państwa polskiego w okresie międzywojennym, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem działalności ruchu wolnomyślicielskiego. Poprzez krótki opis kształtowania się postawy wolnomyśliciela na przestrzeni dziejów, propagowania jej na terenach polskich w okresie zaborów, a także historię funkcjonowania Stowarzyszenia Wolnomyślicieli Polskich i Polskiego Związku Myśli Wolnej autor dociera do memoriału tego ostatniego skierowanego do premiera Janusza Jędrzejewicza w 1933 r. List nakreśla problemy z jakimi stykały się osoby bezwyznaniowe i przynależące do wyznań nieuznawanych, a także argumenty ku opracowaniu świeckich przepisów o prawie małżeńskim, rejestracji stanu cywilnego i grzebaniu zmarłych. Następnie autor stara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie dlaczego postulaty te nie zostały zrealizowane na podstawie analizy dalszych losów PZWM i stosunków na linii Kościół-państwo polskie.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2018, 17, 1; 61-74
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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