- Tytuł:
-
Społeczność greckokatolicka w Galicji w okresie inwazji rosyjskiej (1914–1915)
The Greek Catholic Community of Galicia during the invasion of Russia (1914–1915) - Autorzy:
- Krochmal, Anna
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1064857.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2014
- Wydawca:
- Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
- Tematy:
-
Galicja
inwazja rosyjska (1914-1915)
I wojna światowa
grekokatolicy
Kościół greckokatolicki
Przemyśl twierdza - Opis:
- Galicia – peripheral part of the Habsburg monarchy – played a key role in the First World War. Its strategic location between Austro-Hungarian Empire and Russia resulted in the direct inclusion of multi-ethnic and multi-faith community of Galicia in global armed conflict. The Russian invasion of Galicia and double siege of the fortress of Przemyśl by the Russians had long-term political, material and spiritual effects for the local community. The article focuses on the situation of the Ukrainian population in Galicia in the first two years of the war. Particular attention was paid to the attitude of the Greek Catholic Church, its bishops, clergy and followers to the events of 1914–1915. The Greek Catholic community, mostly loyal to the Habsburg monarchy, was affected by the repressions of the authorities and Austro-Hungarian troops in the first weeks of the war. The reason for this was pro-Russian movement growing in many regions of Galicia before 1914 and promotion of the Orthodox denomination. After the outbreak of the war, many lay people and priests of the Greek-Catholic denomination were accused of supporting Russia and placed in internment camps in the interior of the monarchy. The loss of the parish clergy periodically reached 50% of the pre-First World War state. The Russian forces invading Galicia fought with the Ukrainian national movement and its activists. The aim of the Russian authorities was russification of the community of Galicia and conversion of the Greek Catholics to Greek Orthodox. This was to ensure integration of the territory of the tsarist empire. Drastic methods that were introduced to implement these plans, including the arrest and detention in the depths of Russia of the head of the Greek Catholic Church, Metropolitan Andrzej Szeptycki did not bring the expected results. Interesting results gave a study based on previously unknown sources of the Church from the State Archives in Przemyśl holdings. Records showed that the percentage of people – staunch supporters of Russia, who decided to leave voluntarily Galicia, together with the Russian army did not exceed 1% of the total population in the Uniate Diocese of Przemyśl. Months of fighting in Galicia resulted in material losses, including burning of dozens of villages and towns, destruction of the sacred objects (including historic churches and their equipment), looting of cultural property by the Russians. The dramatic events of the war eventually led to the weakening of the pro-Russian movement in Galicia and achievement of decisive advantage in the society by the Ukrainian National party, strongly supported by the Greek Orthodox Church.
- Źródło:
-
Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica; 2014, 21; 227-255
0860-1054 - Pojawia się w:
- Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł