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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Anatomical and functional assessment of patency of the upper respiratory tract in selected respiratory disorders - Part 2
    Autorzy:
    Zając, Andrzej
    Kukwa, Andrzej
    Barański, Robert
    Nitkiewicz, Szymon
    Zomkowska, Edyta
    Rybak, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173877.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    optical diagnostic in otolaryngology
    upper respiratory tract diagnostics
    otolaryngology
    spirometer
    Fourier transform
    wavelet transform
    quantitative parameters of the respiratory cycle
    Opis:
    This article presents selected physical diagnostic methods used in otorhinolaryngology and results of their application. In addition to the applications of methods using the capabilities of selective sensors, selected methods of hybrid diagnostics were also presented - for assessment of parameters of respiratory processes, with polysomnography as an example of using both typical diagnostic methods dedicated to otolaryngology, as well as standard EEG and ECG methods. It has been shown that in some special cases of respiratory disorders, measurements of the air flow in the respiratory tract can be supplemented with pressure measurements in selected positions within the airways. The presented optical methods and diagnostic systems are very often used in the diagnosis of diseases not specific for otolaryngology occurring in the area of the head and neck. The presented material is the second part of the study discussing both standard and widely used diagnostic methods. All presented methods are dedicated to otolaryngology. This text is a continuation of the material published in No 4 of 2021 [1].
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2022, 29, 3; 429--454
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New Indicators Of Burnished Surface Evaluation – Reasons Of Application
    Autorzy:
    Toboła, D.
    Rusek, P.
    Czechowski, K.
    Miller, T.
    Duda, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221546.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    surface geometrical structure
    slide diamond burnishing
    correlation analysis
    discrete Fourier transform
    Opis:
    Modern production technology requires new ways of surface examination and a special kind of surface profile parameters. Industrial quality inspection needs to be fast, reliable and inexpensive. In this paper it is shown how stochastic surface examination and its proper parameters could be a solution for many industrial problems not necessarily related with smoothing out a manufactured surface. Burnishing is a modern technology widely used in aircraft and automotive industries to the products as well as to process tools. It gives to the machined surface high smoothness, and good fatigue and wear resistance. Every burnished material behaves in a different manner. Process conditions strongly influence the final properties of any specific product. Optimum burnishing conditions should be preserved for any manufactured product. In this paper we deal with samples made of conventional tool steel – Sverker 21 (X153CrMoV12) and powder metallurgy (P/M) tool steel – Vanadis 6. Complete investigations of product properties are impossible to perform (because of constraints related to their cost, time, or lack of suitable equipment). Looking for a global, all-embracing quality indicator it was found that the correlation function and the frequency analysis of burnished surface give useful information for controlling the manufacturing process and evaluating the product quality. We propose three new indicators of burnishing surface quality. Their properties and usefulness are verified with the laboratory measurement of material samples made of the two mentioned kinds of tool steel.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 2; 263-274
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Infrared devices and techniques (revision)
    Autorzy:
    Rogalski, A.
    Chrzanowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221154.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    frequency analysis
    time-frequency analysis
    short-time Fourier transform
    Gabor transform
    Wigner-Ville transform
    Cone-Shaped Transform
    wavelet analysis
    time-scale analysis
    wavelet decomposition
    filter banks
    wavelet packets
    Opis:
    The main objective of this paper is to produce an applications-oriented review covering infrared techniques and devices. At the beginning infrared systems fundamentals are presented with emphasis on thermal emission, scene radiation and contrast, cooling techniques, and optics. Special attention is focused on night vision and thermal imaging concepts. Next section concentrates shortly on selected infrared systems and is arranged in order to increase complexity; from image intensifier systems, thermal imaging systems, to space-based systems. In this section are also described active and passive smart weapon seekers. Finally, other important infrared techniques and devices are shortly described, among them being: non-contact thermometers, radiometers, LIDAR, and infrared gas sensors.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 4; 565-618
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of ADC Resolution on Low-Frequency Electrical Time-Domain Impedance Spectroscopy
    Autorzy:
    Namin, R. L.
    Ashtiani, S. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    electrical impedance spectroscopy
    analogue-to-digital converter
    Ramp signal
    fast Fourier transform
    Nyquist plot
    Opis:
    In this paper, the effect of the resolution of an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) on the accuracy of timedomain low-frequency electrical impedance spectroscopy is examined. For the first time, we demonstrated that different wideband stimuli signals used for impedance spectroscopy have different sensitivities to the resolution of ADC used in impedance spectroscopy systems. We also proposed Ramp and Half-Gaussian signals as new wideband stimulating signals for EIS. The effect of ADC resolution was studied for Sinc, Gaussian, Half-Gaussian, and Ramp excitation signals using both simulation and experiments. We found that Ramp and Half-Gaussian signals have the best performance, especially at low frequencies. Based on the results, a wideband electrical impedance spectroscopy circuit was implemented with a high accuracy at frequencies bellow 10 Hz.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 2; 425-436
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Joint time-frequency and wavelet analysis - an introduction
    Autorzy:
    Majkowski, A.
    Kołodziej, M.
    Rak, R. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220841.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    frequency analysis
    time-frequency analysis
    short-time Fourier transform
    Gabor transform
    Wigner-Ville transform
    Cone-Shaped Transform
    wavelet analysis
    time-scale analysis
    wavelet decomposition
    filter banks
    wavelet packets
    Opis:
    A traditional frequency analysis is not appropriate for observation of properties of non-stationary signals. This stems from the fact that the time resolution is not defined in the Fourier spectrum. Thus, there is a need for methods implementing joint time-frequency analysis (t/f) algorithms. Practical aspects of some representative methods of time-frequency analysis, including Short Time Fourier Transform, Gabor Transform, Wigner-Ville Transform and Cone-Shaped Transform are described in this paper. Unfortunately, there is no correlation between the width of the time-frequency window and its frequency content in the t/f analysis. This property is not valid in the case of a wavelet transform. A wavelet is a wave-like oscillation, which forms its own “wavelet window”. Compression of the wavelet narrows the window, and vice versa. Individual wavelet functions are well localized in time and simultaneously in scale (the equivalent of frequency). The wavelet analysis owes its effectiveness to the pyramid algorithm described by Mallat, which enables fast decomposition of a signal into wavelet components.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 4; 741-758
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurement of Surface Profile and Surface Roughness of Fibre-Optic Interconnect by Fast Fourier Transform
    Autorzy:
    Lin, C. S.
    Yang, S. W.
    Lin, H. L.
    Li, J. W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221117.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    surface profile
    surface roughness
    fibre end-face
    fast Fourier transform
    Opis:
    This study proposes a surface profile and roughness measurement system for a fibre-optic interconnect based on optical interferometry. On the principle of Fizeau interferometer, an interference fringe is formed on the fibre end-face of the fibre-optic interconnect, and the fringe pattern is analysed using the Fast Fourier transform method to reconstruct the surface profile. However, as the obtained surface profile contains some amount of tilt, a rule for estimating this tilt value is developed in this paper. The actual fibre end-face surface profile is obtained by subtracting the estimated tilt amount from the surface profile, as calculated by the Fast Fourier transform method, and the corresponding surface roughness can be determined. The proposed system is characterized by non-contact measurement, and the sample is not coated with a reflector during measurement. According to the experimental results, the difference between the roughness measurement result of an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and the measurement result of this system is less than 3 nm.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 2; 381-390
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Anatomical and functional assessment of patency of the upper respiratory tract in selected respiratory disorders - Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Kukwa, Andrzej
    Zając, Andrzej
    Barański, Robert
    Nitkiewicz, Szymon
    Kukwa, Wojciech
    Zomkowska, Edyta
    Rybak, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052154.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    optical diagnostic in otolaryngology
    upper respiratory tract diagnostics
    otolaryngology
    spirometer
    Fourier transform
    wavelet transform
    quantitative parameters of the respiratory cycle
    Opis:
    The rapidly developing measurement techniques and emerging new physical methods are frequently used in otolaryngological diagnostics. A wide range of applied diagnostic methods constituted the basis for the review study aimed at presenting selected modern diagnostic methods and achieved diagnostic results to a wider group of users. In this part, the methods based on measuring the respiratory parameters of patients were analysed. Respiration is the most important and necessary action to support life and its effective duration. It is an actual gas exchange in the respiratory system consisting of removing CO2 and supplying O2. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, and an efficient respiratory tract allows for effective ventilation. The disruption in the work of the respiratory system leads to measurable disturbances in blood saturation and, consequently, hypoxia. Frequent, even short-term, recurrent hypoxia in any part of the body leads to multiple complications. This process is largely related to its duration and the processes that accompany it. The causes of hypoxia resulting from impaired patency of the respiratory tract and/or the absence of neuronal respiratory drive can be divided into the following groups depending on the cause: peripheral, central and/or of mixed origin. Causes of the peripheral form of these disorders are largely due to the impaired patency of the upper and/or lower respiratory tract. Therefore, early diagnosis and location of these disorders can be considered reversible and not a cause of complications. Slow, gradually increasing obstruction of the upper respiratory tract (URT) is not noticeable and becomes a slow killer. Hypoxic individuals in a large percentage of cases have a shorter life expectancy and, above all, deal with the consequences of hypoxia much sooner.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2021, 28, 4; 813-836
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fast high-impedance spectroscopy method using sinc signal excitation
    Autorzy:
    Kowalewski, M.
    Lentka, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220740.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    impedance spectroscopy
    sinc signal
    Fourier transform
    impedance analyzer
    Opis:
    In this paper the method of fast impedance spectroscopy of technical objects with high impedance (|Zx| ≥ 1 GΩ) is evaluated by means of simulation and a practical experiment. The method is based on excitation of an object with a sinc signal and sampling the response signals proportional to current flowing through and voltage across the measured impedance. The object’s impedance spectrum is obtained with the use of continuous Fourier transform on the basis of linear approximations between samples in two acquisition sections, connected with the duration of the sinc signal. The method is first evaluated in MATLAB by means of simulation. An influence of the sinc signal duration and the number of samples on impedance modulus and argument measurement errors is explored. The method is then practically verified in a constructed laboratory impedance spectroscopy measurement system. The obtained acceleration of impedance spectroscopy in the low frequency range (below 1 Hz) and the decrease of the number of acquired samples enable to recommend the worked out method for implementation in portable impedance analyzers destined for operation in the field.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 4; 645-654
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A New Approach to Spindle Radial Error Evaluation Using a Machine Vision System
    Autorzy:
    Kavitha, C.
    Ashok, S. D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    machine vision
    circular hough transform
    Fourier series
    runout
    spindle radial error
    Opis:
    The spindle rotational accuracy is one of the important issues in a machine tool which affects the surface topography and dimensional accuracy of a workpiece. This paper presents a machine-vision-based approach to radial error measurement of a lathe spindle using a CMOS camera and a PC-based image processing system. In the present work, a precisely machined cylindrical master is mounted on the spindle as a datum surface and variations of its position are captured using the camera for evaluating runout of the spindle. The Circular Hough Transform (CHT) is used to detect variations of the centre position of the master cylinder during spindle rotation at subpixel level from a sequence of images. Radial error values of the spindle are evaluated using the Fourier series analysis of the centre position of the master cylinder calculated with the least squares curve fitting technique. The experiments have been carried out on a lathe at different operating speeds and the spindle radial error estimation results are presented. The proposed method provides a simpler approach to on-machine estimation of the spindle radial error in machine tools.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 1; 201-219
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Infrared imaging fourier transform spectrometer as the stand-off gas detection system
    Autorzy:
    Kastek, M.
    Piątkowski, T.
    Trzaskawka, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220556.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    gas detection
    hyperspectral detection
    imaging Fourier-transform spectrometer
    stand-off detection
    Opis:
    The article presents the detection of gases using an infrared imaging Fourier-transform spectrometer (IFTS). The Telops company has developed the IFTS instrument HyperCam, which is offered as a short- or long-wave infrared device. The principle of HyperCam operation and methodology of gas detection has been shown in the paper, as well as theoretical evaluation of gas detection possibility. Calculations of the optical path between the IFTS device, cloud of gases and background have been also discussed. The variation of a signal reaching the IFTS caused by the presence of a gas has been calculated and compared with the reference signal obtained without the presence of a gas in IFTS's field of view. Verification of the theoretical result has been made by laboratory measurements. Some results of the detection of various types of gases has been also included in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 4; 607-620
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fault diagnosis method for an aerospace generator rotating rectifier based on dynamic FFT technology
    Autorzy:
    Feng, Sai
    Cui, Jiang
    Zhang, Zhuoran
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    aerospace generator
    rotating rectifier
    fault diagnosis
    dynamic Fast Fourier Transform
    feature extraction
    Opis:
    A fault diagnosis method for the rotating rectifier of a brushless three-phase synchronous aerospace generator is proposed in this article. The proposed diagnostic system includes three steps: data acquisition, feature extraction and fault diagnosis. Based on a dynamic Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), this method processes the output voltages of aerospace generator continuously and monitors the continuous change trend of the main frequency in the spectrum before and after the fault. The trend can be used to perform fault diagnosis task. The fault features of the rotating rectifier proposed in this paper can quickly and effectively distinguish single and double faulty diodes. In order to verify the proposed diagnosis system, simulation and practical experiments are carried out in this paper, and good results can be achieved.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2021, 28, 2; 269-288
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the Validity of the Noise Model of Quantization for the Frequency-Domain Amplitude Estimation of Low-Level Sine Waves
    Autorzy:
    Bellan, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    quantization
    amplitude estimation
    sine wave
    discrete Fourier transform
    additive noise
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the amplitude estimation in the frequency domain of low-level sine waves, i.e. sine waves spanning a small number of quantization steps of an analog-to-digital converter. This is a quite common condition for high-speed low-resolution converters. A digitized sine wave is transformed into the frequency domain through the discrete Fourier transform. The error in the amplitude estimate is treated as a random variable since the offset and the phase of the sine wave are usually unknown. Therefore, the estimate is characterized by its standard deviation. The proposed model evaluates properly such a standard deviation by treating the quantization with a Fourier series approach. On the other hand, it is shown that the conventional noise model of quantization would lead to a large underestimation of the error standard deviation. The effects of measurement parameters, such as the number of samples and a kind of the time window, are also investigated. Finally, a threshold for the additive noise is provided as the boundary for validity of the two quantization models.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 1; 89-100
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative analysis of variants of Gabor-Wigner Transform for crossterm reduction
    Autorzy:
    Ajab, M.
    Taj, I. A.
    Khan, N. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221743.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Wigner Distribution
    Gabor transform
    Gabor Wigner Transform
    fractional Fourier transform
    Opis:
    Gabor Wigner Transform (GWT) is a composition of two time-frequency planes (Gabor Transform (GT) and Wigner Distribution (WD)), and hence GWT takes the advantages of both transforms (high resolution of WD and cross-terms free GT). In multi-component signal analysis where GWT fails to extract auto-components, the marriage of signal processing and image processing techniques proved their potential to extract autocomponents. The proposed algorithm maintained the resolution of auto-components. This work also shows that the Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) domain is a powerful tool for signal analysis. Performance analysis of modified fractional GWT reveals that it provides a solution of cross-terms of WD and blurring of GT.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2012, 19, 3; 499-508
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of multiband filtering, empirical mode decomposition and short-time fourier transform used to extract physiological components from long-term heart rate variability
    Autorzy:
    Adamczyk, Krzysztof
    Polak, Adam G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052173.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    heart rate variability
    nonstationary signal analysis
    multiband filtering
    empirical mode decomposition
    short-time Fourier transform
    Hilbert transform
    Opis:
    Heart rate is constantly changing under the influence of many control signals, as manifested by heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is a nonstationary, irregularly sampled signal, the spectrum of which reveals distinct bands of high, low, very low and ultra-low frequencies (HF, LF, VLF, ULF). VLF and ULF components are the least understood, and their analysis requires HRV records lasting many hours. Moreover, there are still no well-established methods for the reliable extraction of these components. The aim of this work was to select, implement and compare methods which can solve this problem. The performance of multiband filtering (MBF), empirical mode decomposition and the short-time Fourier transform was tested, using synthetic HRV as the ground truth for methods evaluation as well as real data of three patients selected from 25 polysomnographic records with a clear HF component in their spectrograms. The study provided new insights into the components of long-term HRV, including the character of its amplitude and frequency modulation obtained with the Hilbert transform. In addition, the reliability of the extracted HF, LF, VLF and ULF waveforms was demonstrated, and MBF turned out to be the most accurate method, though the signal is strongly nonstationary. The possibility of isolating such waveforms is of great importance both in physiology and pathophysiology, as well as in the automation of medical diagnostics based on HRV.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2021, 28, 4; 643-660
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analyzing the variations in roundness profile parameters during the wavelet decomposition process using the MATLAB environment
    Autorzy:
    Adamczak, S.
    Makieła, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221022.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    mother wavelet
    Fourier transform
    wavelet transform
    surface texture
    surface roundness
    roundness profile parameters
    Opis:
    Signal analysis performed during surface texture measurement frequently involves applying the Fourier transform. The method is particularly useful for assessing roundness and cylindrical profiles. Since the wavelet transform is becoming a common tool for signal analysis in many metrological applications, it is vital to evaluate its suitability for surface texture profiles. The research presented in this paper focused on signal decomposition and reconstruction during roundness profile measurement and the effect of these processes on the changes in selected roundness profile parameters. The calculations were carried out on a sample of 100 roundness profiles for 12 different forms of mother wavelets using MATLAB. The use of Spearman's rank correlation coefficients allowed us to evaluate the relationship between the two chosen criteria for selecting the optimal mother wavelet.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 1; 25-33
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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