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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Impact of upstream sediment inflow on headcut morphodynamics
    Autorzy:
    Wells, R. R.
    Bennett, S. J.
    Alonso, C. V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/295198.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    headcuts
    overland flow
    simulated rainfall
    soil erosion
    Opis:
    Headcut erosion can severely accelerate soil loss in upland concentrated flows and lead to significant soil degradation in agricultural areas. Previous experimental work has demonstrated that actively migrating headcuts display systematic morphodynamic behavior, and impinging jet theory can provide an excellent theoretical foundation for this erosional phenomenon. This research sought to examine systematically the effect of an upstream sediment inflow on the morphodynamics of actively migrating headcuts in upland concentrated flows. Using a specially designed experimental facility, actively migrating headcuts were allowed to develop, and then subjected to an upstream sediment load composed of sand. As the upstream sediment feed rate increased, the size and migration rate of the headcut decreased markedly, but sediment discharge was less affected. The headcut erosion process was arrested as sediment inflow rates increased above a threshold value. As sediment feed rate upstream of the headcut increased, sediment size fraction downstream of the headcut also increased. This research suggests that headcut erosion can be greatly modulated by an upstream sediment source, further complicating the prediction of soil erosion on upland areas.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2011, 17; 225-227
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cinder movement experiments on scoria cones slopes : Rates and direction of transport
    Autorzy:
    Hooper, D. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294542.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    erosion rates
    San Francisco volcanic field
    downslope transport
    cinder cone
    scoria cone
    surficial processes
    rainsplash
    slope wash
    overland flow
    hillslope processes
    Opis:
    As part of a field experiment to examine slope processes, four experimental grids with painted and numbered cinders were placed on the outer crater rims of two scoria cones in the San Francisco volcanic field, Arizona. Each grid contained 50 cinders placed in five rows of ten each. Rows were placed parallel to local slope contours. The mean diameter for each cinder was 1.7±0.2 cm (n = 200) and the average grid slope was 20.2°. Grids were set in July 1992. They were revisited one month later in August 1992 and again two years later in August 1994. Although several cinders failed to show any movement in the August 1992 survey, the average length of movement was 11.2 cm (n = 118). If the total movement is averaged over the 197 cinders that were relocated, the average length of movement then becomes 6.7 cm (n = 197). All cinders showed movement in the August 1994 survey and the average distance of movement was 32.8 cm (n= 141 with 59 missing cinders). The mean annual rate of movement after 25 months was 15.8cm/yr(n= 141). Using the convention that the 180° azimuth direction is downslope and perpendicular to local slope contours, the direction of cinder movement more closely approaches 180° with an increase in time. The azimuth directions calculated after just one month of emplacement display greater scatter and variability than the more correlated results measured after 25 months. The mean azimuth value after the 1992 survey was 163.6±54.2° (n= 118), while the mean azimuth after the 1994 survey was 177.9±20.7° (n = 141). Several painted cinders displayed upslope movement when the grids were first visited after one month. However, after two years the cumulative movement for every cinder was downslope from its original position. Non-channel overland flow is interpreted to be the primary erosional agent responsible for moving the cinders in the downhill direction. Rainsplash is interpreted to be responsible for moving the cinders in the upslope direction and is believed to be the major contributor to the variability in the azimuth measurements.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 1999, 2; 5-18
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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