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Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
Tytuł:
Współpraca transatlantycka Polski i USA na rzecz bezpieczeństwa energetycznego
Transatlantic cooperation between Poland and US for energy security
Autorzy:
Piziak-Rapacz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/504926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
energy policy
US
EU
Polska
strategy
transatlantic cooperation
Opis:
The article is about transatlantic cooperation between Poland and US for energy security. Energy sector is dependent on government strategy. Policy should crate protection for society and business. Global energy consumption is still growing. Developing industry especially needs natural resources to produce energy. The climate is changing and global warming is said to cause greenhouse effect resulting in droughts or floods. The major energy sources consumed in the United States are petroleum (oil), natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewable energy. In the last years shale gas has been taken the most important place in the economy. US policy on energy security focuses on research and development. The main objective is to provide access to energy resources in the lowest price. Polish energy policy strategy on the diversification of routes and sources of energy. The political environment supported a few projects: shale gas sectors, nuclear energy and coal sector. At present, the amount of gas deposits in Poland is being estimated. This paper consists of three sections, an introduction and conclusions. The first chapter presents the energy sectors in Poland and US, and the prospects of its development. The second analyzes the nature of the areas of transatlantic cooperation Polish-American. While the third part shows the effects of transatlantic cooperation between the EU and the U.S., for Polish, as a member of the Community. This paper is complemented by tables, graphs, and bibliography.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 2; 125-141
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stosunki handlowe Unii Europejskiej i USA w warunkach współpracy transatlantyckiej
Trade relations between the European Union and the United States in the framework of transatlantic cooperation
Autorzy:
Czermińska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
transatlantic cooperation
trade policy
trade policy instruments
trade liberalization
Opis:
United States and the European Union are the two main centers of the world economy. Both of these centers are each important trading partners in the field of trade in goods and services, capital flows in the form of foreign direct investment. The European Union’s relations with the United States there is both collaboration and competition. Despite the emerging tensions or even conflicts in the relationship both partners are allies and have a decisive impact on the liberalization of world trade, the ongoing process of the GATT/WTO. As part of strengthening transatlantic cooperation created a number of institutions and mechanisms to facilitate and support economic cooperation and signed a number of additional agreements aff ecting trade in mutual, for example, in terms of mutual recognition agreements, aimed at eliminating technical barriers to trade in goods. A negotiated agreement between the two largest economies on a free trade zone may constitute a turning point in transatlantic relations.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 2; 15-33
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niemcy wobec współpracy transatlantyckiej w XXI w.
Germany’s stance towards transatlantic cooperation in the 21st century
Autorzy:
Cziomer, Erhard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Germany
USA
EU
evolution of the transatlantic cooperation
TTIP
Opis:
The article focuses on analysis of Germany’s stance as regards transatlantic cooperation in the 21st century, presenting successively 1) main elements concerning the evolution of the transatlantic cooperation with special regard to Germany’s stance toward the U.S.; 2) controversies in Germany around working out provisions of the TTIP agreement; 3) the attitude of Christian Democrat-Liberal government towards the prospects of successful negotiations as well as the significance of finalizing the TTIP agreement. In evaluating Germany’s attitude as to the Transatlantic partnership the biggest emphasis has been devoted to Germany’s determinants and interests in its relations with the U.S. in political and socio-economic grounds. As regards controversies around future shape of TTIP agreement positions of CSU/CDU/SPD government, opposition parties in Bundestag as well as economic circles, trade unions, experts, scholars and non-governmental organizations have been taken into consideration. Basing on conducted opinion polls in the U.S. and in Germany in the final part of the study the attitudes of public opinion in both these states as for the crucial questions of Transatlantic cooperation have been presented between the EU and the U.S. There is ambivalence because generally supporting the signing of TTIP agreement between the EU and the U.S. the German society expresses stringent opposition to importing American genetically modifi ed food to European markets. Changing social moods among German society on TTIP agreement’s provisions force CDU/CSU/SPD to declare enhanced readiness to European standards and the EU’s interests.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 4; 169-188
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The trade aspects of the transatlantic cooperation between the EU, the USA and Canada
Handlowe aspekty współpracy transatlantyckiej UE z USA i Kanadą
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
CETA
Canada
TTIP
EU
USA
transatlantic cooperation
Kanada
UE
współpraca transatlantycka
Opis:
The dynamics of changes occurring in the world economy, especially the world trade system has been undergoing profound transformations. One of them is an increasing tendency towards integration, resulting from setbacks within the World Trade Organization (WTO). In this context, the trade aspects of transatlantic relations between the EU and the US as well as Canada take on a new dimension. The European Union and the United States of America are each other’s key economic partners, but also the most developed and principal entities of the world economy. Over the years, they have had a major infl uence on the negotiations within the GATT/WTO system. Building the multilateral trading system in the context of an increased multipolarity of the global economy has many determinants. Without close integration of partners on both sides of the Atlantic and reinforcing their competitive position against other countries, maintaining the dominant role of the US-EU duo will prove to be extremely complicated. Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) currently under negotiation, could help these centres in regaining their key roles and strengthening their positions, which will not only boost the growth in the EU and the US, but also contribute to a greater impact on the multilateral trade system. The trade relations between the US and the EU constitute the foundation of the transatlantic partnership. We may not, however, discount another actor of these relations. Canada does not belong to the top trade partners of the EU, yet, all the efforts put in over the years have led to signing the Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA), which is expected to be an advent of the whole new era in the mutual relations and greatly infl uence the current state of affairs. For the transatlantic cooperation CETA it is one of the key elements of the adopted agenda. It can also pave the way for the TTIP which will determine new frames of economic cooperation between the two largest world economies and become a fundamental turning point on both sides of the Atlantic.
Dynamika zmian w gospodarce światowej, zwłaszcza system handlu światowego, podlega współcześnie głębokim przekształceniom. Jednym z kierunków są nasilające się tendencje integracyjne jako skutek m.in., niepowodzeń na forum WTO. Nowego charakteru nabiera w tym kontekście handlowy wymiar stosunków transatlantyckich UE z USA i Kanadą. Unia Europejska i Stany Zjednoczone jako główne podmioty gospodarki światowej są dla siebie kluczowymi partnerami handlowymi. Od lat wpływają na negocjacje w ramach systemu GATT/WTO. Budowa multilateralnego systemu handlowego w sytuacji narastającej wielobiegunowości gospodarki światowej ma wiele uwarunkowań. Bez integracji partnerów po obu stronach Atlantyku i umocnienia ich pozycji konkurencyjnej w stosunku do pozostałych państw, utrzymanie dominującej roli duetu USA – UE w gospodarce światowej będzie bardzo trudne. Umocnieniu ich pozycji może pomóc negocjowane porozumienie Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), które oprócz pobudzenia wzrostu w UE i USA ma przyczynić się do zwiększenia oddziaływania na wielostronny system handlowy. Stosunki gospodarcze USA i UE są podstawą partnerstwa transatlantyckiego. Kanada, mimo że zajmuje ostatnią pozycję wśród dziesięciu najważniejszych partnerów handlowych UE, z racji podpisania porozumienia Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA), została zaproszona do współpracy z ramach nowego etapu we wzajemnych stosunkach. Jest to pierwsze porozumienie nowej generacji, które UE zawarła z państwem uprzemysłowionym. Umowa CETA dla współpracy transatlantyckiej to jeden z kluczowych elementów przyjętego harmonogramu. Może ona utorować drogę negocjowanemu porozumieniu TTIP, które wyznaczy nowe ramy współpracy gospodarczej między dwoma największymi gospodarkami światowymi i będzie stanowić istotny przełom w stosunkach po obu stronach Atlantyku.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2017, 2; 135-160
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działania na rzecz ochrony klimatu wyzwaniem współpracy transatlantyckiej w XXI w.
Actions for climate protection as a challenge in transatlantic cooperation in the 21st century
Autorzy:
Molo, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
EU
USA
transatlantic cooperation
climate protection
global climate treaty
greenhouse gas emissions
Opis:
The article focuses on analysis of activities for climate protection within the transatlantic cooperation. In the first part of the study general determinants, interests and aims of the EU and the U.S. climate policies have been presented. The divergent interests and different European and American development priorities condition their mixed actions for climate protection, both at domestic level and within the frameworks of international climate negotiations. In the second part of the article difficulties in working out a common position of the EU and the U.S. on global activities for climate protection that consist on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions have been discussed. The analysis encompasses the reasons and implications of the specific U.S. and EU’s stances within the process of negotiations of new global climate agreement with ambitious reduction aims that should be signed in 2015 and implemented after 2020 (post-Kyoto). In the last part of the study some aspects of U.S. and EU’s actions for climate protection within the frameworks of transatlantic cooperation have been presented. The EU aimed at convincing the U.S. about the necessity for reduction of global temperature by two Celsius degrees relative to the level from preindustrial period and at adoption multiyear obligations as to reduction greenhouse gas emissions. That is why these issues have been included into the program of transatlantic cooperation.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 2; 163-180
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polska–kraje nordyckie: realia, możliwości, wyzwania
Poland–Nordic countries: realities, opportunities, challenges
Autorzy:
Czarny, Ryszard M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Polska
Nordic countries
bilateral dimension
regional cooperation
European Union and Transatlantic policy
Opis:
The goal of this work is to outline the current mutual relations between Poland and the Nordic countries, taking into consideration not only their internal differentiation but most of all the scope of their impact on the European scene and beyond. When examining Poland’s relations with the Nordic countries today, we must do so on a multifaceted level: firstly, within the bilateral dimension considering, however, the growing internal cooperation among those countries in various fields; secondly, in terms of a regional cooperation, and, thirdly, as a very important aspect of the European Union and Transatlantic policy towards the East. Hence it is in the interest of Poland to develop all structures of cooperation which bond the Baltic countries. The strengthening of the Baltic-Nordic cooperation will determine the status of Poland as an important regional center both for the EU and the contacts with Russia, Ukraine, and other countries of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2013, 4; 127-145
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Układ o partnerstwie i współpracy UE i Rosji w kontekście transatlantyckiego partnerstwa w handlu i inwestycjach
The future of the conclude a new Partnership and Cooperation Agreement EU–Russia in the context of create Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
Autorzy:
Adamczyk, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement
European Union
Russia
Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
Opis:
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement is a document regulate the European Union external relations with third countries. Obligatory document between the European Union and Russia from 1999 (1997) expired in 2007 and haven’t been replaced by a new agreement up till now. Negotiate a new treaty which regulates the base relations should be in interest of both sides, according to a strategic partnership. Unfortunately, negotiations for a long time are in impasse. Both of subjects can’t reach a consensus as to scope and content of the document and on matters relating to energy dialogue, European security, policy towards the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS ) and keep human rights. Conversation were breaking off very often because of the attitude and actions of Russia against individual EU Member States and countries of the (CIS). In the meantime, in the EU proposed to create together with the United States of America, Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership introducing free trade area through liberalization of both internal markets. This project obtained a big interest in the EU and then began negotiations which despite of many impediments will have a good prognosis for the future. To conclude, the article aims is to present scope of the new Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and Russia, indicate the causes and areas of negotiation impasse and to refer to the state of negotiations Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 2; 181-198
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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