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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Resting heart rate variability and plasma noradrenaline level as a measurement of autonomic nervous system activity in mature, aging rats
    Autorzy:
    Dobrek, Łukasz
    Kaszuba-Zwoińska, Jolanta
    Baranowska, Agnieszka
    Skowron, Beata
    Thor, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972585.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    autonomic nervous system
    heart rate variability
    aging
    rat
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. Aging is a process that also affects the autonomic nervous system (ANS) making it less adaptable to environmental and intrinsic stimuli and affecting its ability to maintain body homeostasis. The aim of this study was to estimate the resting ANS function using heart rate variability (HRV) method and by noradrenaline measurement in aging, 2–12-months-old rats. Materials and method. Resting 15-minute-long ECG recordings were performed in anaesthetized rats with a subsequent spectral HRV analysis. Basic non-normalized HRV components in the range of very low (VLF), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency, along with the total HRV spectrum power (TP) were estimated. Moreover, normalized LF (nLF) and normalized HF (nHF) were calculated. Blood samples were also collected to assay plasma noradrenaline (NA) level. Results. In the overall assessment, plasma noradrenaline level as well as both TP and all non-normalized HRV components demonstrated a tendency for reduction when compared the first (2nd) and last (12th) months. In the case of nLF and nHF, a trend of nLF predominance in the 2nd and 3rd month was revealed while an inverse relation was observed from the 6th month on, with nHF superiority. Overall, males reached comparable or slightly higher NA and non-normalized HRV values compared to females, although most differences were not statistically significant. A parallel decline of LF (starting from the 10th month) and HF (from the 6th month) was demonstrated in both male and female animals. Female rats had a little more stable nLF and nHF course in the study time. Conclusions. Rat ANS aging is associated with global HRV decrease with parallel plasma NA decline, although without selective impairment of individual (sympathetic/parasympathetic) ANS components.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2016, 10, 1; 50-56
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Clonidine decreases kynurenic acid production in rat brain cortex in vitro - a novel antihypertensive mechanism of action?
    Autorzy:
    Zakrocka, Izabela
    Turski, Waldemar
    Kocki, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    kynurenic acid
    clonidine
    arterial hypertension
    central nervous system
    brain cortex
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. Clonidine, an antihypertensive agent, is known to activate presynaptic α2-adrenoreceptors and imidazoline receptors in the central nervous system. Clonidine may also have influence on glutamatergic neurotransmission. Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous antagonist of excitatory amino acid receptors. Cerebral KYNA synthesis from its bioprecursor L-kynurenine is regulated by aminotransferases localized preferentially within astrocytes. KYNA was shown to display potent neuroprotective properties. Moreover, it was reported that KYNA could reduce blood pressure levels in animal model of hypertension. The aim of the study was to discover whether the central antihypertensive agent clonidine has an influence on kynurenic acid (KYNA) production in rat brain cortex in vitro. Materials and method. Cortical slices and brain cortical homogenates were incubated for 2 hours in the presence of KYNA precursor – L-kynurenine and clonidine. KYNA was separated chromatographically and detected fluorometrically. Results. Clonidine at the concentration of 0.001 mM – 0.1 mM did not affect KYNA production in rat brain cortex in vitro. It decreased KYNA production in rat brain cortical slices at concentrations 0.5–5 mM. Clonidine at all tested concentrations influenced neither KAT I nor KAT II activity. Conclusion. The study revealed that clonidine decreases KYNA production in rat brain cortex in vitro. The obtained results suggest that augmentation of glutamatergic transmission may play an important role in the antihypertensive action of clonidine.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2016, 10, 1; 57-59
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Current concepts in clinical and laboratory assessments of autonomic nervous system activity
    Autorzy:
    Dobrek, L.
    Thor, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3378.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    clinical assessment
    laboratory assessment
    autonomic nervous system
    autonomic test
    heart rate variability
    noradrenaline
    neuropeptide
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. As the autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is present in course of many disorders, an objective assessment of the ANS function is very important. In practice, the assessment is difficult, and based rather on indirect analysis of autonomically-controlled cardiovascular reflexes, than on direct recording of activity of central or peripheral autonomic structures. The aim of our paper was to discuss briefly current, clinical and scientific ANS investigations, as well as possible future methods of autonomic activity evaluation. A brief description of the state of knowledge. The review presents a short outline of autonomic function assessments based on clinical autonomic tests (e.g. “Ewing’s battery”) and discusses the heart rate variability (HRV) study, as currently popular and widespread option of analysis of the ANS activity. Other, complementary methods, including the baroreceptor sensitivity testing, microneurography or plasma norepinephrine measurement were also mentioned. The article also provides premises related to the determination of selected neuropeptides in plasma or saliva as an innovative concept of autonomic activity assessment. Summary. The available, clinical, non-invasive methods used for assessment of the ANS function are still relatively sparse and, in fact, a surrogate for direct ANS assessment. New methods of autonomic tension determination are still needed that would allow a more complete and reliable assessment. Reports of potential new laboratory markers of the ANS activity (NPY and VIP assay) bring some hope.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2015, 09, 1
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 in idiopathic hearing disorders
    Autorzy:
    Krasowska, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098497.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2
    smell dysfunction
    taste dusfunction
    otolaryngological disease
    nervous system
    global crisis
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. The article focuses mainly on SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism and its consequences for hearing and otolaryngological disorders. The leading hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of the virus internalisation as well as its influence on the nervous system in extenso are presented, as well as the latest available knowledge, after a selective choice of articles relating to the subject. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Dizziness, tinnitus and sudden hearing loss are the main symptoms in the organ of hearing and balance, but it is often not possibile to objectively investigate their etiology and make a proper diagnosis. Among the most common causes of hearing disorders, such as vestibular neuritis, sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus, there are infections, injuries, and diseases that predispose to the occurrence of symptoms of hearing disorders. Despite the numerous possible causes, a high percentage of clinical symptoms still remain without diagnosis. Conclusions. The global health crisis has provoked a change in the perspective of thinking about infections and the consequences of viral infections; it haalso given rise to a new perception and conceptualisation of the impact of infections on other human systems. The challenge faced by scientists due to this virus is multi-dimensional, and it requires explication and reinterpretation of the knowledge to-date. It even forces us to retrospect the existing explanations of the known disorders, as well as to conduct prospective correlative studies that will help in understand the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, and consequentl, to be able to establish a management pattern in order to prevent the spread of the virus causing the pandemic.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2021, 15, 2; 100-103
    1898-2395
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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