Temat: Toxicity - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Efficacy of electrospun bionanofibers as fumigant pesticides in foodstuff storage
Autorzy:: Allahvaisi, Somaye
Talebi Jahromi, Khalil
Imani, Sohrab
Khanjani, Mohammad
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/961635.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: fumigant toxicity
nanofi ber
persistence
plodia interpunctella
storage pests
Opis:: Essential oils as alternative synthetic pesticides for pest management of foodstuffs have recently received increased attention. Controlled and slow release formulations of essential oils are used to enhance their efficiency. Two volatile essential oils of Mentha piperita L. and Salvia officinalis L. were investigated for release rate and mortality percentage by fumigant toxicity against 1st instar larvae of Plodia interpunctella. Electrospinning was used to incorporate various concentrations of essential oils in nanofibers. Th e essential oils can be released from the nanofibers for long periods of time, from several days to several weeks. Poly(lactic acid) was used as a green polymer carrier and the essential oils were incorporated into the nanofi bers (8–15v/v% PLA). Insecticidal bioassay revealed that oil-loaded nanofibers (NFOs) were more toxic than pure essential oils (PEOs) against tested larvae. Th e LC50 and LT50 of NFOs were 1.2 and 4 times, respectively, more than PEOs. Our results indicated that PEOs completely lost their insecticidal activity after 14 days, whereas at the same period, NFOs had an average of 93% mortality when applied against P. interpunctella. Therefore, it can be concluded that nanofibers improved the persistence of the oil. This study presents S. officinalis has more toxicity and M. piperita had more persistence for controlling the larvae of indian meal moth.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Effect of cadmium mycelial growth and morphology of chosen phylloplane fungi
Autorzy:: Remlein-Starosta, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66223.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2003
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: phylloplane fungi
toxicity
plant protection
mycelium growth
cadmium
fungi
morphology
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2003, 43, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Isolation, characterization and toxicity of native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from different hosts and habitats in Iran
Autorzy:: Ghassemi-Kahrizeh, A.
Khoramnezhad, A.
Talaei-Hassanloui, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65696.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: isolation
Bacillus thuringiensis
characteristics
isolate
toxicity
host
habitat
Plutella xylostella
virulence
Iran
Opis:: Bacillus thuringiensis is a Gram-positive, aerobic, facultative anaerobic and endosporeforming bacterium. Different strains of this species have the ability to produce parasporal crystalline inclusions which are toxic to larvae of different insect orders and other invertebrates and cause rapid death of the host. To determine the importance of this species in microbial control, we collected native strains and studied their virulence on the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. More than 148 samples were collected from Alborz, Guilan and Mazandaran Provinces. Experimental samples, including soil samples from forests, fruit gardens, agricultural fields, diseased and dead larvae, were transferred to a laboratory in sterile plastic containers. For evaluating B. thuringiensis isolates virulence, a cabbage leaf dip method with 106 cell ⋅ ml–1 concentration of various Bt isolates was applied to diamondback moths. Larval mortality was recorded 72 h after treatment. Based on bioassay results, all isolates were classified into three high, medium and low virulence groups. Protein level characterization based on the SDS-PAGE gel analysis showed that two isolates from a high virulence group have proteins of high molecular masses of 121 and 109 kDa. Results revealed that there is a positive correlation between protein masses and virulence of isolates. In addition, this research introduced nine strains that are highly toxic to P. xylostella and would be valuable as insecticidal agents for controlling lepidopteran pests.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Selective toxicity of diafenthiuron to non-target organisms: honey bees, coccinellids, chelonus, earthworms, silkworms and fish
Autorzy:: Stanley, J.
Chandrasekaran, S.
Preetha, G.
Kuttalam, S.
Jasmine, R.S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66183.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: toxicity
diafenthiuron
insecticide
cardamom
cotton
pest
honey bee
Coccinellidae
Chelonus blackburni
earthworm
silkworm
fish
Opis:: Diafenthiuron, an insecticide widely used in the management of pests of cardamom and cotton, was assessed for its toxicityeffect on beneficials commonly found in these ecosystems. Diafenthiuron was found to be toxic to honey bees, the prime pollinators of crop plants. Diafenthiuron at the highest tested dose caused 40% mortality to the coccinelid grubs at 48 h after treatment so, diafenthiuron was found to be slightly harmful. Monocrotophos, on the other hand has been found to be a highly toxic pesticide. Diafenthiuron is moderately harmful to the adults of Chelonus blackburni L. The testing was done using the insecticide diafenthiuron. An insecticidecoated vial (scintillation) bioassay was performed. It was found that there was 86.67% mortality in 48 h, at the recommended dose. Diafenthiuron is highly toxic to the silkworm, killing more than 80% of the caterpillars in 24 h, at all the doses tested. Diafenthiuron, even in the highest dose tested, is non-toxic to the earthworm, Perionyx excavatus, which was found to have a 3.33% mortality. As far as fish are concerned, the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., is found to be highly susceptible to diafenthiuron and even doses 10 times lower than the field dose can kill the fish within 6 h.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Toxicity and physiological effect of essential oil of Artemisia annua (Labiatae) on Agriolimax agrestis L. (Stylommatophora: Limacidae)
Autorzy:: Amirmohammadi, F.
Sendi, J.J.
Zibaee, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66768.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: toxicity
physiological effect
essential oil
Artemisia annua
Labiatae
slug
Agriolimax agrestis
Stylommatophora
Limacidae
biochemical component
Opis:: Essential oil of Artemisia annua L. was investigated to find out its toxicity and physiological aspects on the slug Agriolimax agrestis, in controlled conditions (8±1°C, 75±5 RH and 14:10 LD). The slugs received different concentrations of essential oil treated radish leaves in methanol, while the control received methanol alone. LC10, LC30, LC50 and LC90 values were estimated at 4.67, 5.3, 5.81, 7.25%, respectively. The effect of the essential oil on some important enzymatic components like; cytochrome P450 monnooxygenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lipase, amylase and protease were significantly increased compared to the control. These results indicate that the plant Artemisia annua L. not only shows toxicity but also shows some irreversible effect on some important biochemical components and deserves further investigation.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. used against the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller
Autorzy:: Kheirkhah, M.
Ghasemi, V.
Yazdi, A.K.
Rahban, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65335.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: chemical composition
insecticide activity
essential oil
Ziziphora clinopodioides
Lamiaceae
Mediterranean flour moth
Ephestia kuehniella
fumigant toxicity
Opis:: The Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, is a major pest of stored grain products, particularly flour. There have been major concerns over the application of conventional insecticides in stored products, which have strongly demonstrated the need for applying such alternative safe compounds as essential oils. The aim of the present study is to investigate the chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of essential oil from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. against the eggs, larvae, and adults of E. kuehniella. All toxicity tests were carried out under laboratory conditions set at 26±1°C and 70% relative humidity (RH). The results of gas chromatography- -mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis indicated that the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Z. clinopodioides, is rich in pulegone (49.4%), piperitenone (10.7%), menthone (8.9%), and 1,8-cineol (6.9%). Based on the bioassay results, the LC50 value of the tested oil was estimated to be 54.61 μl · l–1 air for larvae and 1.39 μl · l–1 air for adults. Also, it is shown that increasing the oil concentration resulted in a significant increase in oviposition deterrency as well as a considerable reduction in the egg hatching percentage. These results suggest that Z. clinopodioides oil could be a potential candidate as a fumigant for managing E. kuehniella in stored products.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Fenton reagent and titanium dioxide nanoparticles as antifungal agents to control leaf spot of sugar beet under field conditions
Autorzy:: Hamza, A.
El-Mogazy, S.
Derbalah, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65947.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Fenton's reagent
titanium dioxide
nanoparticle
antifungal agent
disease control
leaf spot
sugar-beet
field condition
toxicity
Opis:: In this study, foliar sprays of Fenton solutions (Fenton reaction, Fenton-like reaction and Fenton complex), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and the recommended fungicide (chlorothalonil) were estimated in the control of sugar beet leaf spot caused by Cercospora beticola under field conditions in two growing seasons. In addition, the impacts of these treatments on some crop characters (leaf dry weight, root fresh weight, soluble solid content, sucrose content and purity of sugar) were examined. Biochemical and histological changes in the livers and kidneys of treated rats compared to an untreated control were utilized to assess the toxicity of the examined curative agents. Overall, chlorothalonil and Fenton complex were the most effective treatments for disease suppression in both tested seasons followed by Fenton-like reagent, Fenton’s reagent and TiO2, respectively. Growth and yield characters of treated sugar beet significantly increased in comparison to an untreated control. There were mild or no (biochemical and histological) changes in the livers and kidneys of treated rats compared to the control. Fenton solutions and TiO2 may offer a new alternative for leaf spot control in sugar beet.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The occurrence of phytophagous and predatory mites in an apple orchard sprayed with selective and non selective insecticides
Autorzy:: Niemczyk, E
Sekrecka, M.
Gajek, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65427.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1999
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: spider mite
toxicity
predatory mite
pesticide
herbivorous mite
Typhlodromus pyri
insecticide
apple orchard
occurrence
fruit tree
Zetzelia mali
Opis:: The field experiment was conducted during four years (1995-1998) in an apple orchard in Central Poland. It was found that predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri Scheut (Phytoseiidae) introduced to the orchard, provided excellent biological control of spider mites (Panonychus ulmi Koch, Tetranychus urticae Koch) on plot do not treated against pests and in first year on "integrated" plots sprayed according to different schedules with selective insecticides. Fungicide methiram (Polyram-Combi) and aphicide triazamate (Azetc) considered as selective ones in presented experiment showed high toxicity to T. pyri. Predatory mite Zetzelia mali Ewing (Stigmaeidae) naturally occuring in the orchard, exhibited high resistance to above mentioned pesticides.
Doświadczenie założono w 8-11-Ietnim sadzie jabłoniowym na obszarze 4 ha, na dwóch odmianach jabłoni (Lobo, Spartan), na 7 kwaterach. Sześć kwater opryskiwano 1-3 razy w roku selektywnymi lub uważanymi za selektywne, środkami owadobójczymi z tym, że jednej z nich przez ostatnie trzy lata nie opryskiwano w ogóle insektycydami. Kwaterę 7. traktowano preparatami o szerokim spektrum działania. Stwierdzono, że drapieżny roztocz, dobroczynek gruszowiec Typohlodromus pyri Scheut, Phytoseiidae) introdukowany do sadów doświadczalnych, na kwaterach opryskiwanych środkami selektywnymi bardzo skutecznie ograniczył populacje przędziorków (Panonychus ulmi Koch, Tetranychus urticae Koch). Natomiast na kwaterze 7., na której drapieżne roztocze prawie nie występowały przędziorki występowały licznie uszkadzając liście jabłoni. Po zastosowaniu w roku 1996 w całym sadzie trzykrotnie fungicydu (metiram) (Polyram-Combi) uważanego za częściowo selektywny okazało się, że silnie ograniczył populację dobroczynka gruszowego. Również bardzo toksyczny dla T. pyri był insektycyd triazamat (Aztek) reklamowany jako środek o wysokiej selektywności dla tego drapieżcy. Okazało się także, że występujący naturalnie w sadzie drapieżny roztocz Zetzelia mali Ewing (Stigmaeidae) był zdecydowanie bardziej odporny na triazamat i metriam niż T. pyri.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 1999, 39, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of systemic effects of four plant extracts compared with two systemic pesticides, acetamiprid and pirimicarb through leaf spraying against Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Autorzy:: Shafiei, F.
Ahmadi, K.
Asadi, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66810.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: systemic effect
plant extract
pesticide
acetamiprid
pirimicarb
leaf
spraying
Brevicoryne brassicae
Hemiptera
Aphididae
cabbage aphid
aphid
plant pest
toxicity
Opis:: Aphids are one of the most important economic pests and vectors of viral diseases in crops. Brevicoryne brassicae L., one of the most serious aphid pests in Brassicaceae, if not controlled, often reaches very high densities. The present study compared the systemic effects of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous Melia azedarach L., Peganum harmala L., Calendula officinalis L. and Otostegia persica Boissier extracts with two systemic pesticides, acetamiprid and pirimicarb (at the maximum label-recommended rate). Population growth percentages of B. brassicae through leaf spraying under greenhouse conditions were assessed. The chemicals were sprayed on one of the leaves in greenhouse condition. The results indicated that all the plant extracts have systemic effects at different levels. Among different extracts, O. persica ethanolic extract, P. harmala methanolic extract and M. azedarach aqueous extract resulted in a reduction of the B. brassicae population
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Insecticide susceptibility of the green plant bug, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dur (Homoptera: Miridae) and two predatory arthropods
Autorzy:: Zhang, Z.
Zhang, X.
Liu, F.
Mu, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66506.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: insecticide
susceptibility
green plant bug zob.true bug
true bug
Apolygus lucorum
Homoptera
Miridae
arthropod
cotton
pest
Chrysopa sinica
Propylaea japonica
safety evaluation
toxicity
Opis:: The green plant bug (Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür) is a key pest of Bt cotton in China. Along with biological control, chemical control is one of the most important strategies in A. lucorum Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The goal of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of eight conventional insecticides to A. lucorum and to assess the susceptibility of two generalist predators Chrysopa sinica (Jieder) and Propylaea japonica (Thunbery) to insecticides that are commonly used in A. lucorum management. Via glass-vial and leaf-dip bioassay, toxicity tests with selected insecticides at two different life-stages of A. lucorum indicated significant differences between the LD50 or LC50 values for these compounds within different insecticidal classes. Phenylpyrazole fipronil had the highest toxicity to 4th-instar nymphs and adults of A. lucorum, whereas neonicotinoid imidacloprid had the lowest toxicity among the insecticides. Females were more tolerant to insecticides than were males, as shown by the higher LD50 values for females. Furthermore, laboratory tests showed that endosulfan had the highest selectivity to C. sinica and P. japonica: the selective toxicity ratios (STRs) were superior to other tested insecticides, particularly imidacloprid, and were 5.396 and 4.749-fold higher than baseline STRs, respectively. From this study, we conclude that fipronil can potentially be used to efficiently control A. lucorum. An alternative control agent worth consideration is endosulfan, owing to its relative safety to non-targeted natural enemies.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Toxicity and combined action of some insecticides and clove oil against Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat grain
Autorzy:: Hamza, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65102.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: lesser grain borer
Rhyzopertha dominica
Coleoptera
Bostrychidae
plant pest
wheat
grain
toxicity
combined action
insecticide
clove oil
clove
Syzygium aromaticum
alpha-cypermethrin
lambda-cyhalothrin
malathion
Opis:: Concerns about food quality and environmental protection have led to the search for effective and safe insect control measures. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides (malathion, alpha-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin) and clove oil, alone and in combinations, to protect wheat grain against Rhyzopertha dominica. Adult mortality, progeny emergence and weight loss of treated grain were examined. The results revealed that the tested insecticides and clove oil alone showed high efficiency to R. dominica with respect to mortality, progeny of the adults and weight loss of wheat grain. The mixing of lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with the most effective insecticide (alphacypermethrin) enhanced its efficacy to R. dominica. It was more efficient against R. dominica than when used alone with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. However, mixing alpha-cypermethrin with malathion reduced the efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin against R. dominica with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. Combinations of alpha-cypermethrin and clove oil reduced wheat grain loss more than using them alone. Mixing lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with low concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin improved its efficacy against R. dominica and therefore may reduce environmental pollution, lower risks to human health, and delay insect resistance development.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Effect of Artemisia annua L. essential oil on toxicity, enzyme activities, and energy reserves of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Autorzy:: Mojarab-Mahboubkar, M.
Sendi, J.J.
Aliakbar, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66788.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Artemisia annua
essential oil
toxicity
enzyme activity
energy reserve
cotton bollworm
corn earworm zob.cotton bollworm
Old World bollworm zob.cotton bollworm
Helicoverpa armigera
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Opis:: The essential oil of Artemisia annua L., a weed collected from northern Iran, was studied for its toxicity and physiological aspects on 4th instar larva of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner in controlled conditions (26±1°C, 65±10% RH and 16 L : : 8 D h). The artificial diet was used as a medium for investigating the toxicity and the effect of LC10, LC30, LC50, and LC90 on the feeding efficiency of 4th instar larva. The essential oil in doses of LC10, LC30, LC50, and LC90 were estimated to be 2.01%, 3.86%, 6.07%, and 18.34%, respectively. The activity of α-amylase, protease, lipase, general esterases, and glutathione S-transferase and protein, triglyceride, glucose for treated larva were measured. The results showed that all of these parameters were decreased compared with the control. Hence, A. annua essential oil is suggested as a botanical for controlling this important pest of field crops.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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