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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Detection of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol chemotypes produced by Fusarium graminearum species complex isolated from barley in Iran using specific PCR assays
    Autorzy:
    Chehri, K.
    Godini, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66014.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    detection
    nivalenol
    deoxynivalenol
    Fusarium graminearum
    isolation
    polymerase chain reaction
    barley
    trichothecene
    Iran
    Opis:
    In order to identify trichothecenes chemotypes produced by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) isolated from barley, 68 barley samples were collected from markets in Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces, Iran. Thirty-one Fusarium isolates were obtained from grains and morphologically classified into three species FGSC (14), F. equiseti (9), and F. proliferatum (8). The identification of the members of FGSC was confirmed molecularly using Fg16F/Fg16R primers. Fusarium asiaticum isolates (4) were distinguished from other FGSC using Fg6CTPSf177/Fg16R primers. Polymerase chain reaction-based (PCRbased) detection of mycotoxin-synthesis-pathway gene was also used to determine the potential of the analysed strains to produce deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), and nivalenol (NIV). Of 14 tested isolates, 10 and 4 isolates belonged to DON and NIV chemotype, respectively. Also, the results of DON chemotype survey using specific primers MinusTri7F/R and Tri315F/R showed 1 and 9 isolates produced 3-AcDON and 15-AcDON, respectively. These results show that DON was the most common chemotype in western Iran. To our knowledge, this is the first report on 15-AcDON, 3-AcDON, and NIV isolated from barley in Iran.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of resistance and the role of some defense responses in wheat cultivars to Fusarium head blight
    Autorzy:
    Khaledi, N.
    Taheri, P.
    Falahati-Rastegar, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66757.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    resistance
    defense response
    wheat
    Triticum aestivum
    plant cultivar
    Fusarium head blight
    Fusarium culmorum
    Fusarium graminearum
    plant disease
    Opis:
    Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum are the causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops worldwide. Application of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economic method for management of FHB and reducing mycotoxin production in wheat. Understanding the physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in basal resistance of wheat to FHB disease is limited. In this research, after screening resistance levels of eighteen wheat cultivars planted in Iran, Gaskozhen and Falat were identified as partially resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp., respectively. Also, we investigated the role of hydroxyl radical (OH−), nitric oxide (NO), callose deposition, lipid peroxidation and protein content in basal resistance of wheat to the hemi-biotrophic and necrotrophic Fusarium species causing FHB. Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule may be involved in physiological and defensive processes in plants. Our results showed that NO generation increased in seedlings and spikes of wheat cultivars after inoculation with Fusarium species. We observed earlier and stronger callose deposition at early time points after infection by Fusarium spp. isolates than in non-infected plants, which was positively related to the resistance levels in wheat cultivars. Higher levels of OH− and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (as a marker of lipid peroxidation) were observed in the Falat than in the Gaskozhen cultivar, under non-infected and infected conditions. So, estimation of lipid peroxidation could be useful to evaluate cultivars’ susceptibility. These findings can provide novel insights for better recognition of physiological and biochemical markers of FHB resistance, which could be used for rapid screening of resistance levels in wheat cultivars against this destructive fungal disease.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New fungi causing postharvest spoilage of cucumber fruits and their molecular characterization in Egypt
    Autorzy:
    Ziedan, E.H.
    El-Hafez, Khattab, Abd El-Nasser Abd
    Sahab, A.F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66441.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    fungi
    Geotrichum candidum
    Geotrichum
    Fusarium
    Fusarium fujikuroi
    Fusarium verticiolides
    Fusarium solani
    Fusarium graminearum
    Fusarium incarnatum
    postharvest spoilage
    Cucumis sativus
    cucumber fruit
    fruit rot
    internal transcribed spacer
    molecular characteristics
    Egypt
    Opis:
    This work was carried out during two successive seasons (2016 and 2017) on cucumber fruits from a plastic greenhouse and from open field cultivation in El Gharbeia and El Giza Governorates, Egypt. Isolation trials from spoilage fruit samples of plastic greenhouse cultivation recorded high frequency of Alternaria tenusinium, Fusarium spp. and Pleospora alli. The most common fungi of rotten cucumber fruits from an open field were Galactomyces spp. and Fusarium spp. Pathogenicity tests proved that, Fusarium solani from El-Gharbeia followed by A. tenusinium from El-Giza were the most frequent isolates responsible for rot of cucumber fruits from plastic greenhouse cultivation. Moreover, the most frequent isolates causing postharvest disease of cucumber fruits of the open field were Galactomyces candidium from El-Giza followed by Geotrichum sp. and F. fujikuroi from El-Gharbeia Governorates, respectively. This is the first report of several fungi causing postharvest fruit rot disease of cucumber i.e., G. candidium, Geotrichum sp., A. tenusinium, P. alli and Fusarium spp. (F. fujikuroi, F. verticiolides, F. solani, F. geraminearium and Fusarium incarnatum). Fungal isolates were identified according to cultural, morphological and molecular characterization based on sequencing of internal transcribed spacer1 (ITS1). All the ITS nucleotide sequences of fungi were applied and conserved in GenBank.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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