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Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
Tytuł:
Study of Host Preference and the Comparison of some Biological Characteristcs of Bemisia Tabasi (Genn) on Tomato Varieties
Autorzy:
Fekri, M.S.
Samih, M.A.
Imani, S.
Zarabi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The resistance of 8 tomato varieties to cotton white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), was evaluated in four greenhouse experiments. In the first experiment, we evaluated the attractiveness and preference for oviposition in a free-choice test (randomized blocks, 8 treatments, and 5 replications). In the other experiments, we evaluated the no-choice preference for oviposition (randomized blocks, 4 treatments, and 4 replications). The whitefly egg-adult cycle was monitored using a statistical design in randomized blocks with four replications. The percentage mortality of immature stages was also determined (randomized blocks with four replications). In the free-choice test, the tomato variety Rio Grande was the most attractive to adults, while the variety Cheffalat had the lowest number of adults. Also in this assay, the variety CAL-JN3 presented the lowest number of eggs, while the variety Ergon presented the highest number of eggs. In the no-choice test, the varieties Chef-falat and CAL-JN3 remained resistant. Consequently, for these two varieties non-preference is the oviposition resistance mechanism. The egg-adult cycle varied from 26.02 days (Ergon) to 26.66 days (CAL-JN3). The total mortality varied from 20.52 (Ergon) to 33.97 (CAL-JN3). Considering all the characteristics, the variety CAL-JN3 was the most resistant to B. tabaci among all the tomato varieties studied, while variety Ergon was susceptible.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2013, 53, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biological parameters of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman on onion cultivars
Autorzy:
Moraiet, M.A.
Ansari, M.S.
Basri, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biological parameter
onion thrip
Thrips tabaci
onion
plant cultivar
pest
Opis:
Biological parameters of the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman were studied on the following onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars: Nasik Red Plus N-53, Onion Dr-301 (Krishna), Onion White, and Nasik Red, at 25±1oC and 65±5% RH. Signifi cant (p < 0.05) diff erences were found in the life stages and fertility life tables on diff erent cultivars except in the pupal stages. More information about the biological parameters of T. tabaci on onion cultivars can help in designing Integrated Pest Management programs for onion thrips.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of some diets on demographic parameters of Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in vitro
Autorzy:
Mortazavi, S.
Samih, M.A.
Ghajarieh, H.
Jafari, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65132.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a cosmopolitan species widely distributed in different habitats worldwide. This moth is a well known pest of many fruits as well as dried fruits in storage. In this study, the biological parameters of the carob moth were studied in a growth chamber under controlled conditions (30±2°C, 65±5% and 16L : 8D). The studied moths were on four diets including pistachio, and pomegranate (both are referred to as the natural diets), and semi-synthetic, and synthetic food. The results demonstrated that survival rate of the carob moth on the two natural diets was higher than the survival rate of the carob moth on the semi-synthetic, and synthetic diets (also referred to as the artificial diets). The highest and lowest amount of life expectancy (ex) were obtained for moths on the pistachio diet (38.82), and the pomegranate diet (29.32), respectively. The highest age-stage specific reproductive value (vxj) was observed for moths on the pistachio diet (181.1). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were calculated to be highest when the pomegranate diet was used (0.091 and 1.096) and lowest when the synthetic diet was used (0.06) and (1.062). The highest amounts of net reproductive rate and mean fecundity were obtained for moths fed the pistachio diet and the lowest were for moths fed the synthetic diet. Our results also showed that the mean generation times were 48.32, 44.42, 37.19, and 42 days for moths fed synthetic food, pistachio, pomegranate, and semi-synthetic food, respectively. The outcome of this research can be used to effectively select the most useful rearing of carob moths for using them in natural pheromone traps as Integrated Pest Management programs.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of some herbal extracts and pesticides on the biological parameters of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) pertaining to tomato grown under controlled conditions
Autorzy:
Jafarbeigi, F.
Samih, M.A.
Zarabi, M.
Esmaeily, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/961660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bemisia tabaci
cotton whitefly
tomato
biological parameters and herbal compound
Opis:
The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Biotype A: Hem.: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important pests in Iran. The development of alternative methods that are not chemical applications, is necessary in pest management for the sake of human health and for the safety of the environment. In this research project, the effect of four herbal compounds Fumaria parviflora Lam. (Fumariaceae), Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae), Calotropis procera (Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) on the same biological parameters of cotton whitefly were compared with the insecticides azadirachtin and pymetrozin. The results showed significant differences between herbal compounds and insecticides on: egg longevity (F6, 39 = 2.96, p < 0.05), pupa longevity (F6, 37 = 4.49, p < 0.01) and adult longevity (F6, 31 = 4.47, p < 0.01); egg mortality (F6, 39 = 6.71, p < 0.001), total egg mortality (F6, 39 = 6.71, p < 0.001), sex ratio (female) (F6, 30 = 3.49, p < 0.01), oviposition period (F6,31 = 7.50, p < 0.001) and total fecundity/female (F6, 31 = 8.23, p < 0.001). These results indicated that a fumitory extract and pymetrozin had the best effect on longevity and mortality, respectively. According to the results, the fumitory had a noticeable effect on the different life stages of the sweet potato whitefly.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sublethal effects of some synthetic and botanical insecticides on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Autorzy:
Esmaeily, S.
Samih, M.A.
Zarabi, M.
Jafarbeigi, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sublethal effect
synthetic insecticide
botanical insecticide
Bemisia tabaci
cotton whitefly
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
pesticide
plant extract
Opis:
In addition to direct mortality caused by insecticides, some biological traits of insects may also be affected by sublethal insecticide doses. In this study, we used the age-stage, two-sex life table method to evaluate the sublethal effects of the four synthetic insecticides: abamectin, imidacloprid, diazinon, and pymetrozin as well as the botanical insecticide taken from Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) extract, on eggs of the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hem.: Aleyrodidae). The lowest and highest survival rates and oviposition periods were observed in whiteflies treated by diazinon and imidacloprid, respectively. We found significant differences in the net reproductive rate (R0), the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate of increase (?), and the gross reproductive rate (GRR) among different insecticides. Altogether, our results showed that pymetrozin and C. procera induced the most sublethal effects, thus they may be suitable candidates for use in integrated pest management programs of B. tabaci.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acaricidal, ovicidal, and repellent effects of Tagetes patula leaf extract against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Autorzy:
Ismail, M.S.M.
Tag, H.M.
Rizk, M.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
This study investigates the acaricidal, ovicidal, and repellent effects of the Tagetes patula Linn. (Asteraceae) leaf extract against both the adult female and egg stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. The Tagetes patula ethanolic leaf extract [TpEtOH70%] was screened for adulticide and ovicide bioassays in order to consider its acute toxicity. One sublethal concentration was used to assess egg-laying capacity (fecundity), repellent, and oviposition deterrent activities. The chemical characterization was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to identify the TpEtOH70% bioactive components. Results showed that the LC50 value of TpEtOH70% leaf extract predicted by Probit analysis against T. urticae adult females at 24 h was 0.99%.The TpEtOH70% leaf extract showed a significant toxic effect as the highest mean mortality rates (± SE) of the treated adult females was 88.9 ± 3.7%. However, the TpEtOH70% leaf extract was insignificant in affecting the egg-laying capacity of the adult females treated with a sublethal dose of 0.5% even after 72 h. The TpEtOH70% leaf extract was classified repellent since the repellent index (RI) value was lower than 1 – SD. In addition, it had a high oviposition deterring effect based on a 100% reduction of the total number of eggs. The TpEtOH70% leaf extract had a significant ovicidal effect on T. urticae eggs, with 56.04% reduction in hatching. Five bioactive compounds from various classes of phytochemicals were identified in the TpEtOH70% leaf extract and the major compound was phytol (62.72%). This pioneering investigation reveals the adulticidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities of the TpEtOH70% leaf extract against T. urticae. A combination of multiple modes of action of different plant components may act alone or in synergism to delay the development of mite resistance.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Host Preference and the Comparison of some Biological Characteristcs of Bemisia Tabasi (Genn) on Tomato Varieties
Autorzy:
Fekri, M.S.
Samih, M.A.
Imani, Sohrab
Zarabi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The resistance of 8 tomato varieties to cotton white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), was evaluated in four greenhouse experiments. In the first experiment, we evaluated the attractiveness and preference for oviposition in a free-choice test (randomized blocks, 8 treatments, and 5 replications). In the other experiments, we evaluated the no-choice preference for oviposition (randomized blocks, 4 treatments, and 4 replications). The whitefly egg-adult cycle was monitored using a statistical design in randomized blocks with four replications. The percentage mortality of immature stages was also determined (randomized blocks with four replications). In the free-choice test, the tomato variety Rio Grande was the most attractive to adults, while the variety Cheffalat had the lowest number of adults. Also in this assay, the variety CAL-JN3 presented the lowest number of eggs, while the variety Ergon presented the highest number of eggs. In the no-choice test, the varieties Chef-falat and CAL-JN3 remained resistant. Consequently, for these two varieties non-preference is the oviposition resistance mechanism. The egg-adult cycle varied from 26.02 days (Ergon) to 26.66 days (CAL-JN3). The total mortality varied from 20.52 (Ergon) to 33.97 (CAL-JN3). Considering all the characteristics, the variety CAL-JN3 was the most resistant to B. tabaci among all the tomato varieties studied, while variety Ergon was susceptible.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2013, 53, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of metabolic enzymes in resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl in the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch)
Autorzy:
Mokbel, E.M.S.
Swelam, E.S.H.
Radwan, E.M.M.
Kandil, M.A.-E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metabolic enzyme
resistance
chlorpyrifos-methyl insecticide
insecticide
cowpea aphid
aphid
Aphis craccivora
Opis:
The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora management relies mainly on chemical control. As a result extensive and repeated treatment of insecticides has led to the development of aphid resistance to commonly used insecticides. To investigate chlorpyrifos-methyl resistance in A. craccivora, a field strain was selected for 24-generations to achieve a resistance factor of 82.3 fold compared with a susceptible strain. In the resistant strain, malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin exhibited obvious cross-resistance; while fenvalerate and dinotefuran showed moderate cross-resistance. In contrast, slight or no cross-resistance was obtained with the other tested insecticides. To investigate metabolic resistance mechanisms, integration of biochemical and synergism assays was conducted. Results showed the key role of esterase (EST) and mixed function oxidases (MFO); however, glutathione-s-transferase (GST) contributed less to resistance. Cross-resistance studies showed the need for rotation with non-cross resistant insecticides as a resistance management tactic.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of detoxifying enzymes in the resistance of the cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) to thiamethoxam
Autorzy:
Abdallah, I.S.
Abou-Yousef, H.M.
Fouad, E.A.
El-Hady Kandil, M.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
detoxifying enzyme
resistance
cowpea aphid
Aphis craccivora zob.cowpea aphid
groundnut aphid zob.cowpea aphid
black legume aphid
true bug
Aphididae
synergism
thiamethoxam
insecticide
Opis:
The cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) is considered a serious insect pest attacking several crops. We carried out biochemical studies to elucidate the role of the metabolising enzymes in conferring resistance to thiamethoxam, in two strains (resistant and susceptible) of the cowpea aphid. Bioassay experiments showed that the thiamethoxam selected strain developed a 48 fold resistance after consecutive selection with thiamethoxam for 12 generations. This resistant strain also exhibited cross-resistance to the tested carbamates; pirimicarb and carbosulfan, organophosphorus (malathion, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos-methyl), and the neonicotinoid (acetamiprid). Synergism studies have indicated that S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), a known inhibitor for esterases, increased thiamethoxam toxicity 5.58 times in the resistant strain compared with the susceptible strain. Moreover, the biochemical determination revealed that carboxylestersae activity was 30 times greater in the resistant strain than in the susceptible strain. In addition, the enzyme activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and mixed function oxidases (mfo) increased only in the resistant strain 3.7 and 2.7 times, respectively, in relation to the susceptible (the control). Generally, our results suggest that the higher activity of the detoxifying enzymes, particularly carboxylesterase, in the resistant strain of the cowpea aphid, apparently have a significant role in endowing resistance to thiamethoxam, although additional mechanisms may contribute.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study to determine food consumption of cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, on some cotton genotypes
Autorzy:
Khedr, M.A.
Al-Shannaf, H.M.
Mead, H.M.
Shaker, S.A.E.-A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
comparative study
food consumption
cotton leafworm
Spodoptera littoralis
cotton
genotype
Opis:
A study was done on the feeding behaviour, development indices, and biochemical response of 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis in which seven cotton genotypes were used: Giza86, Giza88, Giza92, 10229 × Giza 86, H10, Suvin, and Karshenseki. Castor bean leaves were used as the control. All the tested cotton genotypes decreased the feeding behavior of S. littoralis larvae in terms of consumption percentages, consumption rate (CR), growth rates (GR), efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food (ECI and ECD), approximate digestibility (AD), and feeding deterrence (FDI) compared to the control. Additionally, all the tested cotton varieties prolonged the time taken for larval and pupal duration and reduced both the pupation percentages and the weight of the resulting pupae, as compared to the control. Giza86 recorded the lowest values of both larval growth index and fitness (7.31 and 1.05, respectively) while the genotype Suvin recorded the lowest standardised growth index (0.020) more than other genotypes and the control that gave 10.16, 1.53, and 0.032, respectively. There was a significant inhibition in the level of both total soluble protein and total lipids, and activities of amylase and the trehalase enzymes in all the tested varieties, compared to that found in the control.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Allelopathic efficiency of Eruca sativa in controlling two weeds associated with Pisum sativum plants
Autorzy:
El-Wakeel, M.A.
Ahmed, S.E.-D.A.E.-G.
El-Desoki, E.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
Allelopathy is a complex phenomenon which depends on allelochemical concentrations. So, two pot experiments were carried out to investigate the allelopathic effect of alcoholic fresh shoot extract of Eruca sativa (foliar spray) and E. sativa shoot powder (mixed with soil) on Pisum sativum plants and two associated weeds, Phalaris minor and Beta vulgaris. The experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons (2016–2017 and 2017–2018). Ten treatments were applied in this study. Four treatments were applied before sowing, that E. sativa shoot powder was mixed with the soil at rates of 15, 30, 45 and 60 g ⋅ pot–1. The other four treatments of E. sativa alcoholic fresh shoot extract were sprayed twice on both plants and weeds at 5, 10, 15 and 20% (w/v) concentrations. Additionally, two untreated treatments, healthy (P. sativum only) and unweeded (untreated infested P. sativum plants with weeds) were applied for comparison. The results indicated that both alcoholic extracts and powder reduced growth of both weeds. Moreover, there was a direct relationship between concentration and weed reduction. Eruca sativa alcoholic extracts increased yield parameters of P. sativum plants. The maximum yield attributes were recorded by spraying of E. sativa alcoholic extract at 20%. On the other hand, it was clearly noticed that the high powder rates affected negatively P. sativum yield parameters. But the lowest powder rate (15 g ⋅ pot–1) stimulated P. sativum yield parameters as compared to unweeded treatment. Chemical analysis of E. sativa shoot powder ensured that the abundant amount of glucosinolates (9.6 μmol ⋅ g–1) and phenolic compounds (46.5 mg ⋅ g–1) may be responsible for its allelopathic effect. In conclusion, spraying of alcoholic fresh shoot extract of E. sativa at 20% (w/v) and mixing E. sativa shoot powder at 15 g · pot–1can be applied as natural bioherbicides for controlling weeds.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic variability and host specialization in Alternaria alternata colonizing Solanaceous crops in Sudan
Autorzy:
Abbo, A.S.
Idris, M.O.
Elballa, M.A.
Hammad, A.M.
El Sidding, M.A.R.
Karlovsky, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant disease
early blight
genetic variability
host
Alternaria alternata
diversity
Solanaceae
crop
amplified fragment length polymorphism
Sudan
Opis:
Early blight disease caused by Alternaria sp. is one of the most devastating diseases of Solanaceous crops widely distributed in Sudan. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation among different Alternaria isolates recovered from different Solanaceae crops showing typical symptoms of early blight disease. Infected leaves of tomato, potato, eggplant and pepper were collected from different geographical zones in Sudan. The recovered fungal isolates were identified to the genus level based on cultural and morphological characteristics. Five representative isolates were sent to the CABI Bioscience, U.K. for confirmation. The genetic relationship among the isolates was determined using the amplified fragments length polymorphism (AFLP) technique and the generated data were used to create similarity matrices using the PAST 3.01 software package. Dendrograms were constructed based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficients. A total of 70 fungal isolates was recovered from the tested plants and all of them showed morphological characteristics typical of Alternaria spp. The conidia appeared in multiple-branched chains with spore sizes in the range of 2.38−13.09 μm × 12.30−43.63 μm. Therefore, the isolates were identified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. The identification was then confirmed by CABI.AFLPbased dendrogram which revealed five clusters with a significant cophenetic correlation coefficient (r = 0.834) between the dendrogram and the original similarity matrix irrespective of their geographical origins. Eighteen (75%) of the Alternaria isolated from tomato leaves were clustered together in cluster I and five isolates formed two separate clusters, viz. cluster IV (T-Kh5 and T-H1) and cluster V (T-H4 and T-Med2). The remaining isolate, T-Am5, grouped with one of the potato isolates in cluster III. The other isolates which were recovered from potato, pepper and eggplants were all separated from the tomato isolates in the largest cluster.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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