Autor: . AR. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Interaction between larval alpha-amylase of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and proteinaceous extracts from plant seeds
Autorzy:: Esmaeily, M.
Bandani, A.R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65574.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: interaction
larva
alpha-amylase
tomato leafminer
Tuta absoluta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
plant extract
seed
plant seed
Opis:: The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most destructive pest of solanaceae and it prefers tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of a wide range of seed proteinaceous extracts from different plant families against T. absoluta α-amylase activity. The effect of pH on the inhibitory activity of seed extracts showed that seed extracts of amaranth along with a wheat cultivar (Alvand, Aflak, Sarvdasht, Alborz, and Kavir) produced more than a 50% inhibition of the insect amylase. Aflak wheat seed extract at 10 μg, inhibited 81% of the insect amylase. This percent was the highest inhibition achieved. The other proteinaceous seed extracts had a lower effect on the enzymatic activity. Probit analysis showed that Aflak, Kavir, Alborz, Alvand, Sarvdasht, and amaranth inhibited the amylase activity with an I50 of 1.94, 3.24, 3.46, 3.31, 4.97, and 15.39 μg, respectively. The effect of pH on the inhibition of the α-amylase showed the highest inhibition of Amaranth and wheat, at a pH value of 8.0, which corresponds to the pH of the insect’s gut. Gel electrophoresis assays confirmed the spectrophotometric assays showing that the α-amylase of the insect gut was affected by the presence of the seed extracts. In the gel assay, a high concentration (14 μg protein) of amaranth proteinaceous seed extract greatly decreased the intensity of the α-amylase band. A high concentration of the Aflak wheat cultivar (10 μg protein) caused the disappearance of the amylase band in the gel. Thus, it is concluded that the physiochemical environment of the insect gut affects the interaction between digestive α-amylase and the metabolites. The experiments showed that seed proteinaceous extracts from non-host plant species, produced more inhibition of the insect amylase when compared to the host plant species. It appears that with evolution, adaptation took place so that insect/s could overcome the plant metabolites.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Pirimicarb, an aphid selective insecticide, adversely affects demographic parameters of the aphid predator Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Autorzy:: Rahmani, S.
Bandani, A.R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66870.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: carbamate
pirimicarb
insecticide
demographic parameter
Hippodamia variegata
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
aphid
pest control
Opis:: Demographic toxicology is recommended for toxicity determination of the long term effects of a pesticide since it gives a more accurate and efficient measure of the effect of a pesticide. Thus, in the current study the sublethal effects of pirimicarb (carbamate insecticide) two concentrations of LC30 and LC10 were used against third instar larvae of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) in order to determine the effects of the pesticide on demographic parameters of the predator under laboratory conditions. Results showed that pirimicarb did not affect individual life parameters such as development time of larva, pupa, adult longevity, female and male longevity, adult preoviposition period (APOP), and total preoviposition period (TPOP). However, population parameters such as intrinsic rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (R0), mean generation time (T), and finite rate of increase (λ) was affected by sublethal treatment. For example, intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.18 day–1 in the controls but it was 0.13 and 0.14 day–1 in the treated insects with LC10 and LC30 concentrations, respectively. Also, there were significant differences between mean generation time (T) of the treatments and the controls i.e. mean generation time of the controls was 29.03 days while mean generation time in the two treatments of LC10 and LC30 was 33.93 and 31.66 days, respectively. The finite rate of increase was also significantly affected by sublethal effects of the pesticide. The results showed that pirimicarb, even at low concentrations, has potential to adversely affect the predatory ladybird, therefore care should be taken when this insecticide is used in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Defense responses of rice plant to Monographella albescens attack
Autorzy:: Almas, D.E.
Kamrodi, A.R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084805.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: defense-signaling genes
enzyme activities
Monographella albescens
rice
RT-qPCR
Opis:: Leaf scald, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Monographella albescens, is one of the main threats to rice (Oryza sativa L.) around the world. This disease decreases yields in rice by up to 30% because of dead leaf tissue, damaged seeds, and sterile flowers. Currently, there is limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms involved in rice plant resistance against this pathogen. For this purpose, six commercial cultivars of rice were primarily screened for M. albescens infection and development. Dasht and Salari were found to be the most resistant and susceptible to M. albescens infection, respectively. The plants were kept in a greenhouse at 29 ± 2°C during the day and 26 ± 2°C at night with a relative air humidity of 85 ± 5%. Forty-five days after sowing, the plants with three biological replications were inoculated by transferring a PDA disc (0.3 cm2) containing M. albescens mycelia to the middle third of the 7th, 8th, and 9th completely open leaves. The leaves were collected 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hai. Leaf samples were also collected from the non-inoculated plants (0 h) to serve as controls. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed rapid induction and significant accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) responsive genes such as lipoxygenase (LOX), allene oxide synthase 2 (Aos2), jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (JMT1) and ACC synthase 1 (ACS1) in the resistant Dasht cultivar after infection with M. albescens. Furthermore, the transcripts of salicylic acid (SA) responsive phenyl alanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1) and nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) genes were induced in the incompatible interaction. The activities of the defense enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased strongly in Dasht in response to M. albescens infection. In addition, there was an increase in the H2 O2 levels in the leaves of the Dasht cultivar during the infectious period of M. albescens associated with the enhancement of catalase (CAT) activity as well as higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). This is the first study on the interaction between rice and M. albescens at the molecular level. It can contribute to understanding how rice responds to pathogen infection, as well as assist with future research plans of molecular breeding regarding the tolerance to leaf scald disease.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 535-543
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Change in life expectancy and stable age distribution of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) after indoxacarb treatment
Autorzy:: Mahmoudvand, M.
Abbasipour, H.
Garjan, A.S
Bandani, A.R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66697.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:: Using high doses of insecticides is very dangerous for the environments and for humans. Decreased concentrations are necessary. Insecticides have lethal and sublethal effects. The aim of the present study was to determine the behavior of Plutella xylostella when exposed to sublethal doses of indoxacarb in terms of the age-specific fecundity (mx), life expectancy (ex) and stable age distribution (Cx). Also, the effects of sublethals on the pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition period of this insect were investigated. The results show that exposure to this insecticide decreased the age-specific fecundity (mx) and life expectancy (ex) of the insect. Although the pre-oviposition period was delayed in the treated groups, the post-oviposition period significantly decreased when exposed to LC10 and LC25 doses (the dose concentrations killed 10 and 25% of the populations) of indoxacarb. The oviposition period did not change. Furthermore, sublethal concentrations of the applied insecticide caused changes in the exposed structure.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Antifungal activity of Solanum extracts against phytopathogenic Curvularia lunata
Autorzy:: Hernandez-Rodriguez, Z.G.
Riley-Saldana, C.A.
Gonzalez-Esquinca, A.R.
Castro-Moreno, M.
de-la-Cruz-Chacon, I.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66701.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: phytopathogenic fungi
Curvularia lunata
antifungal activity
Solanum
plant extract
plant disease
disease control
leaf spot disease
phytopathogen
inhibition
Opis:: Several species of Solanum produce secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity. In the present study, the inhibitory activity of Solanum chrysotrichum, S. erianthum, S. torvum and S. rostratum against phytopathogenic Curvularia lunata was determined. Methanol extracts from roots, stems, leaves and fruits were evaluated by the method of mycelial inhibition on agar and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined on a liquid medium. To increase the antimicrobial activity, the combined activity of the most active extracts for each phytopathogen was also determined (a combination of intra and interspecies extracts). The results showed that 12 of the 16 methanolic extracts of Solanum species had antifungal effects against C. lunata. The extracts of S. rostratum and S. erianthum developed the highest activity (~80% inhibition and 28.4 MIC μg . ml–1), even, equal to or greater than, the reference fungicide. The mixture of the active extracts of S. chrysotrichum and S. torvum increased their activity. Various extracts affected the macro and microscopic morphology and most of them reduced the number of conidia of the fungus. This resulted in the capacity to control the vegetative growth and reproduction of C. lunata, the causal fungus of corn leaf spot disease.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Selectivity of diphenyl-ether herbicide with postemergence applications in chickpea
Autorzy:: Silva, L.G.B.
Da Silva Araujo, L.
Goncalves, D.J.
Souza Valente, M.
Da Silva, A.R.
Nascimento, W.M.
Ribeiro da Cunha, P.C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084719.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Cicer arietinum
diphenyl-ether herbicides
weeds
Opis:: There are few reports in literature about the selectivity of postemergence application of herbicides for the control of eudicotyledon weeds (broadleaf) in chickpea. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the selectivity of diphenyl-ether herbicides in chickpea influenced by the herbicides and application rates. A field experiment was conducted from February to June 2017 in Urutaí, state of Goiás, Brazil. Cultivar BRS Aleppo was used in the experiment. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design with 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement and three replications. The first factor was herbicides (fomesafen and lactofen) with the second factor being herbicide rate (50, 75, and 100% of referenced rate) plus an untreated check as a comparison. The applied rates of herbicides were 250 and 180 g ⋅ ha–1 of fomesafen and lactofen, respectively. The selectivity of herbicides was evaluated according to agronomic characteristics (plant population, height, dry matter, number of pods per plant and 100-grain weight) and yields. Both herbicides, regardless of dosage, were selective in chickpea cultivation, even exhibiting leaf necrosis symptoms with visible injuries below 20% with no effect on yield.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 3; 350-354
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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