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Tytuł:
Transmission of vibrations from the engine to the car body
Autorzy:
Aleksieva, V.
Valchanov, H.
Magdziak-Tokłowicz, M.
Wróbel, J.
Włostowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
LDV
laser Doppler vibrometry
car body
car suspension
Opis:
Vibrations have become an important factor of vehicles. Vibration tests help identify, and then tune the automotive vehicle to improve the structural strength. Due to the increasing development of vehicles and machines and their widespread use. Increased research-using vibrations due to their low or zero interference with the vehicle under test. Vibration testing is often carried out using Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV), a device that is used for contactless measurement of vibration on the surface. The laser beam is directed from the device to the surface of interest, and the amplitude and frequency of vibration are extracted from the Doppler shift frequency of the reflected laser beam due to the movement surface. High values of vibration transmitted from the engine, and the way significantly affect the body of the vehicle and the driver. Article presents results of research carried out on vehicles powered by three different engines and rpm. Tests were carried out on an engine dynamometer in the same environmental conditions. Two of engines were with spark ignition, including one with a supercharged engine and compression ignition engine. The measurements were made using the Laser Doppler Vibrometry using Fast Fourier Transform. The spectrum obtained is used for further analysis to determine the acceleration level at various frequencies. Obtained from Fast Fourier Transform readings used for drawing graphs of frequency V acceleration. The results of the study are interesting and promising, as they show a significant difference in the velocity for spark ignition engines and compression-ignition.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 17-23
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Are we ready for electric cars?
Autorzy:
Karczewski, Mirosław
Szczęch, Leszek
Polak, Filip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
electric car
car battery charger
power supply
electricity production
Opis:
Are we ready for electric cars?
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 69-74
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution of masses and presses on axles and wheels and vehicles’ properties
Autorzy:
Rybak, Piotr
Wiśniewski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
car
mass
pressures
properties
Opis:
One of the most important parameters affecting traction properties as well as driving safety, especially with regard to vehicles with special purpose, is the distribution of wheel and axle loads on the ground. This issue should be taken into account during the process of creating new vehicles as well as during the modernization process. In the first case, it is quite simple because the mass distribution is shaped already in the design phase. In the second case, the problem is more complex, because with modernization solutions we enter an already existing structure. Modernization basically assumes improving the performance and capabilities of the vehicle with possibly small changes in its base structure. Thus, it imposes important boundary conditions. The article presents the methodology of measurement and selected results of measurements of mass distribution as well as wheel and axle loads of selected motor vehicles during their advanced modernization (STAR 266 cars to the version STAR 266M2 and Honker 2000 to the version Honker M-AX). Modernizations carried out by Autobox Innovations Ltd. Lim. Par are mainly focused on increasing the traction of vehicles, traffic safety, and driving comfort. Measurements were made at the above-mentioned company.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 1; 141-146
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ecological city car, concepts, design and realization
Autorzy:
Grzegożek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
city transport
green cars
hybrid drive line
electric car
car body design
Opis:
The paper deals with concepts, design and realization of a small ecological city car. A small, electric car is anticipated to be a solution to city traffic problems. The future users of a city electric car have been defined. City car should be characterized by the following features: low cost of purchase and maintenance, high functionality, possibilities of movement in zero emission zone, large space and easy access to luggage compartment, simplicity of parking manoeuvres, possibilities of customizing a car body features. These features made this car a perfect means of transport for the elder and disabled. Three versions of a city car with different drive lines are considered. The same car body for each version is proposed. The car chassis is also the same in each version. The version l of city car is made. It is an L6e class car. This prototype allows carrying out some research on a new electric motor, new kind of batteries and working out the control units for cooperation between the electric motor and generator. In the paper the basic performances of the car are presented and its main parł the structure is shown. Features of the next version of small ecological city car are described as well as their advantages.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 157-164
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Systems for damaged car bodys measurements
Autorzy:
Ratajczyk, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
measuring systems for car bodies
measuring head for car bodies
electronic gauge for vehicle measuring
Opis:
Geometrical measurements of car bodies appear mainly in connection with post accident repair processes. They appear also independently in diagnostic measurements. Presentation of measuring systems is very actual in relation to a large number of car accidents. Diagnostic tests of repaired car body and restoring its nominal sizes are essential for safe traffic. The subject area is particularly interesting for service and repairing units e.g. tinsmith's workshops, but also for car experts. In the article, the methods of car body measurements will be characterized on the example of the use of simple telescopic gauges up to fully computerized electronic measuring systems. The examples of measuring card with basic points, being the nominal points’ coordinates, are presented as well as suggestions concerning the kinds of measuring tips ascribed to those points. Each card with basic points is characteristic only for a particular type of a car body. The examples of illustrations, with visible points on a car body where a prescribed measuring tip should be applied, are also shown. At the end an attempt of measurements' accuracy estimation will be presented on the example of one of electronic measuring devices.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 503-508
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of automotive vehicle braking system failure on driving safety
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244871.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
car diagnostics
braking system
driving safety
Opis:
The paper describes systems responsible for driving safety of vehicles weighing up to 3.5 t. It is focused on selected failures (fouling) of braking systems that are typical during motor cars operation. Simulation testing regarding effect of selected failures (fouling) of braking system elements on braking force and braking efficiency were performed. In order to perform such testing, author of the paper worked out the methodology of testing which is also described here. The test results (partial) are displayed as tables and charts. The negative effect of selected failures on braking force and braking efficiency index is influencing directly on motor cars driving safety. It is also emphasized that it is important to maintain and observe automotive manufacturers’ technical requirements regarding braking system elements such as tyre pressure, tyre tread condition, brake shoes wear, etc. Basing on the test results it is found that excessive wear of tyres and brake shoes wear could be the reason of significant WSH index decrease resulting in faulty car. This can be visible through lower than allowable level of braking efficiency index WSH, which is the basic legal diagnostic parameter of break system condition assessment. Replacing such elements significantly improves braking efficiency index WSH.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 147-153
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectrofluorometric characterization of oil from pyrolysis of scrap tires
Autorzy:
Ambrosewicz-Walacik, M.
Piętak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950184.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuels
used car tires
pyrolysis
fluorescence
Opis:
Almost all kinds of fuel applied in combustion engines come from refining industry, in which crude oil serves as basic raw material. However, there are also searched other sources of hydrocarbons which can be used directly or as additives to conventional fuels. The most popular in this regard are vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, from which are produced esters used as fuel for diesel engines. On the other hand, as additives to gasoline can be used alcohols derived from the fermentation of agricultural products. Another way to obtain liquid hydrocarbons is pyrolysis of scrap tires. In this article, such pyrolytic product is analysed in terms of its fluorescence properties compared to the fluorescent properties of substances derived from the distillation of the pyrolysis product in three following temperatures: 160, 204 and 350 ºC. All the tested substances show relatively strong fluorescence in ultraviolet range. Fluorometric spectra were performed applying the spectrofluorometer Hitachi F-7000 FL with 1x1 cm quartz cuvette. Studied substances were previously diluted in n-hexane to obtain concentration 4 ppm. Amount of fluorescent peaks and their positions depends on kind of distillate. Ipso facto fluorescence method seems be suitable much more – than chemical analyse – for quick identification of substances constituting a components of distillate obtained from pyrolytic product.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 25-30
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical evaluation of the effect of operating parameters on electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range
Autorzy:
Gołębiewski, W.
Lisowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
energy consumption
vehicle-driving range
electric car
Opis:
The paper presents theoretical evaluation of the effect of operating parameters on electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of temperature (at constant pressure) and traction properties on the energy consumption and driving range related to it of a chosen electric vehicle. The test methods assumed the analysis of parameters of the test object based on a simulation model. The evaluation involved a Nissan Leaf vehicle equipped with an electric motor, the torque characteristic curve of which was used in the test model. The values of basic and additional resistance to motion for the adopted conditions: external temperature and pressure-dependent air density, and vehicle technical parameters, such as its weight, capacitance of batteries, vehicle dimensions, type of drive system, drag coefficient and tyre dimensions, were determined. Basing on these data and the characteristic curve of engine torque, electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range were determined. The following relationships were obtained because of the analysis: vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and external temperature, vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and vehicle acceleration, vehicle energy consumption / vehicle driving range and acclivity slope. It was proven that the operating parameters could considerably increase the energy consumption and the driving range of an electric vehicle.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 117-125
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The estimation of the increased limitation of the visibility in the light commercial vehicles
Autorzy:
Olejnik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
maintenance
demands
visibility
construction of the car
Opis:
In the report there is discussed the problem of changing demands in the binding rules concerning the technical conditions. During maintenance, the lack of information from the surrounding of the vehicle is one of the reasons of collisions and accidents. There is a radical limitation of unobstructed observation of the whole area surrounding trucks of N1 category in comparison to the car of M1 category. Vehicles which have the same body and which are designed to transport people - M1 category or load – N1 category, they have different equipment, such as side glazing and back walls. Those who are driving these vehicles do not have comparable and identical visibility. The open loadcarrying body in the truck creates the screen obscuring of the big part of the vehicle's surrounding which precludes the direct observation of the considerable area. The devices of the indirect visibility enable to observe only the part of the area, which is directly invisible. There is an important need to change the regulation as far as construction and vehicles equipment is concerned. This paper offers the change of the philosophy of the regulations requirements in the area of visibility. Technical progress and development in the area of visual transfer devices helps to use them in the vehicles in order to improve the possibility of observing the surrounding of the vehicle. There is no reason to tolerate the worse visual transfer in the vehicles N1 category.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 513-518
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of car vehicle class on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration in microatmosphere of car cabin
Autorzy:
Janicka, A. B.
Reksa, M.
Sobianowska-Turek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
volatile hydrocarbons
indoor measurements
car vehicle cabin
Opis:
The inner atmosphere of a car vehicle became one of the most important environments of human life. Many elements inside of a car cabin are potential sources ofvolatile organic compounds (VOC's) which hazardous effect on human health is proved. To estimate quality of indoor air of a car the qualitative analysis of hydrocarbons is very important considering the fact that some substances (i.e. benzene, acetone and xylene isomers) despite low concentration level characterize toxic and carcinogenic properties. A significant impact on VOC's concentration has vehicle cabin eąuipment and quality of applied materials. The internal sources of the pollution are elements of cabin equipment (textiles, foams, plastic materials), solvents in glues, paints, lacąuers and car cosmetics. The external sources of the pollution are pollutants emitted to environment in gas phase by mobile or static sources. This paper presents the results of the research which aim was qualitative and quantitative analysis of VOC's concentration inside of various classes of car vehicle cabins. The research was done in Emission Research Laboratory of the Division of Motor vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines. The analysis was done according to European standard (EN ISO 16017-1: 2006) on gas chromatograph (Varian 450 GC) eąuipped in capillary column and flame-ionization detector (FID). Keywords: Volatile hydrocarbons, indoor measurements, car vehicle cabin.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 207-212
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of transport in selected european marinas. Part 2
Autorzy:
Bilski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
marina
sea-lanes
rail traffic
car communication
Opis:
Once again, the study covered the role of road transport in combination with air, sea and rail transport and shared zones for pedestrians and vehicles. Two diverse ports located in Portugal have been chosen, first Marina de Albufeira and second Cascais Marina. Due to their specifics, the ports address the issues concerning traffic connections in a completely different way. The summary highlights and identifies the key features, pointed out by users, considered as advantageous or disadvantageous for selected European marinas from the point of view of transport and architectural and urban design solutions. Transport connections including car traffic, sea-lanes, rail traffic, pedestrian communication are presented in the paper. Network of communication connection in Marina de Albufeira and Cascais Marina is subject of the paper. The paper covered the role of road transport in combination with air, sea, rail transport and shared zones for pedestrians and vehicles.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 21-27
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The flexray networks in the modern motorcars
Autorzy:
Śmieja, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
FlexRay
car networks
data exchange
engine operation
motorcars
Opis:
Advancing the evolution of motor cars, understood as complex mechatronic systems are connected with the ever emerging constrains on coordination between the components of the system objects. Adopted by all environment related to the automotive, the way of communication between the vehicle components via network for data exchange, connected with the necessity to keep up with increasing demands on the transmission speed and level of security. The answers to these requirements concerning the ways to control x-by-wire or complex mechanism to optimize the operation of the engine, seems to have been created by the big automobile companies FlexRay protocol. The article presents the basie features of this method of communication that allows for a 10 fold increase in data rates compared to the conventional CAN network. The remaining features of transmission such as reliability and level of time determinism, which are important for control systems are discussed later in the paper. Included in the summary comments indicate potential further developments and the possibilities of the application if this method of transmission in automotive applications.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 431-435
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Researches on the amount of recuperated energy by electromagnetic shock absorber in small car
Autorzy:
Siczek, K
Kuchar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
small car
shock absorber
energy recuperation
permanent magnets
Opis:
The weight decreasing of small cars can be very effective by using of lightweight materials. Movable masses of such cars like suspension arms, wheel rims, drive shafts can be made of magnesium alloy, brake discs can be made of aluminum alloy. Such masses can mate with electromagnetic shock absorbers with possibility of recuperation for energy of chassis vibrations, changing it into the useful electric power. Main parts of the shock absorber are the cylinder with the set of coils and the rod with a set of permanent magnets. Cylinder can be made of magnesium alloy. Coils winding has been connected to electric wires placed inside light spring. Three-phase current generated in the set of coils can be supplied through the controlled rectifier into battery. Dimensions of electromagnetic shock absorber have been close to those of hydraulic shock absorber, so it can be used in the typical chassis of automobile. The scheme of the shock absorber has been shown in the article. The elaborated model of road roughness and of moving masses for small car, connected to electromagnetic shock absorber has been shown in the article. It has been analysed the values of dynamic parameters during operation of electromagnetic shock absorber with movable masses of small car driven in different road conditions. Results of such analysis have been presented in the article. The aim of the study has been to estimate and to compare the amount of recuperated energy by the electromagnetic shock absorber – rectifier – battery assembly for the cases of car movable masses made of steel and for the one of lightweight materials
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 367-374
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Personal commuting vehicle concept
Autorzy:
Grzegożek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
city transport
personal commuting vehicle
narrow car
Opis:
In the article the author presents the analysis of persona! commuting vehicles produced nowadays. The analysis comprises their purposes, functionality, comfort and construction solution of the following elements: drive and sleering system, suspension and batteries. The evolution of a vehicle regarding the space necessary for its manoeuvres and parking is the essential parameter of the analysis. The concept of a city vehicle worked out at the Cracow University of Technology is presented in the further part of the article. The vehicle that has been constructed belongs to L6e category. In the article two concepts of such vehicle are presented - a vehicle for a single person and "a tandem " type of vehicle for two persons. The result of introductory tests of a function model worked out on the basis of a concept model is also presented. The function of the frame and its shape is to make possible for the front of vehicle to enter the back of the other one. Construction solution of this type also reduced the space necessary for parking. Two concepts of front suspension system - rotation axle and suspension with swivel axle were evaluated. Manoeuvrability and stability of rectilinear of rectilinear motion were taken into account. The results that were obtained make drawing conclusion referring to further development of such vehicle possible.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 113-118
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of transport in selected European marinas. Part 1
Autorzy:
Bilski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245298.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
marina
sea-lanes
rail traffic
car communication
Opis:
Marinas are extremely complex urban solutions that incorporate all the necessary communication routes in its structure. The role of transport in selected European marinas can vary depending on location and conditions of an area. The study covered the role of transport in combination with air, sea, rail transport and shared zones for pedestrians and vehicles in Royan Marina (France) and Brighton Marina Village (Great Britain). The summary highlights and identifies the key features, pointed out by users, considered as advantageous or disadvantageous for selected European marinas from the point of view of transport and architectural and urban design solutions. Transport connections including car traffic, sea-lanes, rail traffic, pedestrian communication are presented in the paper. Network of communication connection in Royan Marin and Brighton Marina Village is subject of the paper. The paper covered the role of road transport in combination with air, sea, rail transport and shared zones for pedestrians and vehicles.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 15-20
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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