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Wyszukujesz frazę "Wear" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Analysis of the wear of piston rings prototype in terms of team endurance test
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, A.
Dudziński, W.
Kaźmierczak, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
piston ring
wear
Opis:
The article discusses the results of the wear of piston rings for internal combustion engines with self ignition. The research was a prototype multilayer ring sealing of the porous coating and the so-called chromium embankment diamonds [2]. Technology of the rings is the deposition of multilayer coatings in the process of chromium plating. In times of chromium deposited from the bath particles are technical diamond's shape, and granulation. This technology is a response to domestic factory piston rings to the needs of the automotive market and is an innovative development. Conducted engine tests consisted of a 50-hour cycle and to hour break-in team life cycle, which was repeated 150 times. Thus the total duration of sample equal to 200 hours. Cycle life is a team containing a phase-hour cycle engine traffic load at maximum speed and maximum torque and maximum power of the tween partial load and idling. This cycle is repeated in the 200-hour test 150 times. During the measurement of key indicators were measured at the engine, the fuel consumption, coolant temperature and pressure of the lubricating oil. In order to calculate the wear of piston rings, the difference was calculated to measure the thickness and height before and after sample of 200 hours. In a similar way as the use of thickness and height of the rings was calculated by weight loss.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 181-187
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aspects of the applications of composite materials in combustion engines
Autorzy:
Posmyk, A.
Filipczyk, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247373.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
composite materials
wear
Opis:
The paper presents the results of investigations concerning the possibilities of application of composite materials in the construction of internal combustion engines. The total mass of the engine can be reduced by allying composite materials, which have a much higher strength than hitherto applied conventional materials. Less thermal expansion allows reducing assembly clearance between the piston and cylinder. The surface topography after the process of machining of composite materials contains hollows, which act as trays for lubricant, wear products and pollution particulates. Therefore, it is possible to reduce friction, fuel consumption, level of exhaust emission and improve the durability of engine. During the investigations, the engine piston made of aluminium matrix composite has been tested. The tests were related to the influence of surface topography of the piston skirt containing Al2O3 particles on the adsorption of lubricating oil, which facilitates lubrication in small displacement test engine. Aluminium matrix composite materials have some disadvantages, too. The most important are higher finishing costs and higher wear of the other sliding element. To reduce the finishing costs of making the suitable surface, special methods for example water jet cutting, have been worked out. To reduce the wear of the other sliding element, reinforcing spherical particles without sharp edges should be applied. Covering the tribological partner-sliding surface with a composite surface layer (e.g. Cr+Al2O3) can result in a relevant reduction of its wear.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 357-361
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the wear of piston ring prototype of an embankment of diamond in terms endurance test
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, A.
Kaźmierczak, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
piston ring
wear
Opis:
The article discusses the results of the wear of piston rings for internal combustion engines with spark ignition. The research was a prototype multilayer ring sealing of the porous coating and the so-called chromium embankment diamonds. Technology of the rings is the deposition of multilayer coatings in the process of chromium plating. In times of chromium deposited from the bath, particles are technical diamond's shape, and granulation. This technology is a response to domestic factory piston rings to the needs of the automotive market and is an innovative development. Conducted engine tests consisted of a 50-hour cycle and to hour break-in team life cycle, which was repeated 150 times. Thus, the total duration of sample equal to 200 hours. Cycle life is a team containing a phase-hour cycle engine traffic load at maximum speed and maximum torque and maximum power of the tween partial load and idling. This cycle is repeated in the 200-hour test 150 times. During the measurement of key indicators were measured at the engine, the fuel consumption, coolant temperature and pressure of the lubricating oil. In order to calculate the wear of piston rings, the difference was calculated to measure the thickness and height before and after sample of 200 hours. In a similar way as the use of thickness and height of the rings was calculated by weight loss.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 283-289
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wear profile of the cylinder liner in a motor truck diesel engine
Autorzy:
Koszałka, G.
Niewczas, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
wear
cylinder liner
Opis:
The paper presents results of investigation of cylinder liners wear. The investigation was carried out on diesel engines during long lasting operation in 5 motor trucks. Cylinder diameters were measured in two perpendicular planes on four depths using 2-point bore gauge, after removal of the cylinder head. Measurements were made every 50 000 km of vehicle mileage. Such methodology of measurements enabled to determine time course and wear profile of the cylinder liners (wear value in relation to the direction and height of the liner). It was stated that increments of diameter during the first period of operation are several times higher than during the later periods, when the wear intensity is constant. It was also found that wear of the cylinder liner in the plane perpendicular to the engine axis is bigger than in the parallel plane, and that wear in the upper part of the liner is twice as big as in its middle part. Measurement scheme for the cylinder liner; histogram of cylinder liner diameters obtained in measurements after the technological running-in of the engine after mileage of 0, 50,000 km, 150,000 km and 250,000 km, wear profiles of cylinder liners in the two directions at different vehicle mileages are presented in the paper. Estimated profiles of the cylinder liner wear will be used as input data for the calculations of the blowby intensity with the use of mathematical model of PRC set.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 183-190
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wear in friction brakes Wear in friction brakes
Autorzy:
Skorupka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
wear
wear testing
brakes
friction pair
friction material tests
full-scale brake tests
Opis:
Parameters of friction systems decline in time by the process of wear. In friction brakes, the wear phenomenon is much more visible than in other friction systems. Wear itself is on one hand not desirable because of need for brake system parts replacement but sometimes is needed due to regeneration of the friction area which is damaged for example by temperature or aggressive ambient conditions. Wear can be fatal or catastrophic for the friction brake, leading to heavy damage or even to permanent loss of braking capability during operation. As the brake is one of the crucial safety systems in both aviation and road vehicles, it is necessary to know if and how wear will be present in friction brake system before the brake is allowed to be installed in the vehicle, especially one that carries people. Wear can be estimated via numerical methods for well-known brakes (i.e. materials) or it has to be tested using laboratory methods in order to check and prove or deny initial design assumptions. In this paper, the author describes the phenomenon of friction brake wear and laboratory-testing methods of friction materials wear using brake model test stand for aviation brake friction materials certification testing located in Institute of Aviation Landing Gear Laboratory. Author also presents sample data from aviation brakes materials testing in order to show how wear can affect friction brake performance and durability.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 325-332
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tribological properties of surface layer with boron
Autorzy:
Lubas, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
wear
sliding friction
surface treatment
boron
Opis:
The aim of the present work is to determine the influence of technologically produced boron surface layers on the friction parameters in the sliding pairs under the conditions of mixed friction. The tribological evaluation included ion nitrided, pack borided, laser borided, quenched and tempered surface layers and TiB2 coating deposited on 38CrAlMo5-10, 46Cr2 and 30MnB4 steels. Modified surface layers of annular samples were matched under test conditions with counter-sample made from AlSn20 bearing alloy. Tested sliding pairs were lubricated 15 W/40 Lotos mineral engine oil. The tribological tests were conducted on a T-05 block on ring tester. The applied steel surface layer modification with boron allow creating surface layers with pre-determined tribological characteristics reąuired for the elements of kinematic pairs operating in the conditions of sliding friction. Pack boronizing reduces the friction coefficient during the start-up of the frictional pair and the maximum start-up resistance level is similar to the levels of pairs with nitrided surface layers. Paper present comparison between surface roughness of annular sample and countersample before and after test, influence of surface treatment annular sample on change of friction coefficient vs. rotation speed and load, influence of surface treatment annular sample on moment of friction in function load of kinematics pair, influence of surface treatment annular sample on friction forces and temperature depending on load, as well as influence of surface treatment annular sample on wear of AlSn20 bearing alloy under various load conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 213-221
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Summation equation tools for slide microbearing systems wear prognosis
Autorzy:
Wierzcholski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
summation equation
wear prognosis
HDD micro-bearings
Opis:
Efficient functioning of slide micro-bearings systems especially HDD micro-bearing require to recognition and modulation of the proper values of the friction forces and wear during the exploitation time. Possibility of modulation and control of mentioned problem belong to the artificial intelligence of HDD micro-bearing. This paper presents the some applications of summation equations regard to the calculation prognosis of micro-bearing parameters such as friction forces, ,friction coefficients and wear .Summation equations are presented a new form of difference and recurrence equations where the unknown function occurs as the argument of the reciprocal unified operator of summation (UOS) Presented problem describes not continuous relations hence determines the mathematical and numerical solutions in discrete spaces. Properly in the case of continuous functions, the mentioned summation equations have the same meaning as integral equations. This paper will present the transformation method of summation equations to recurrent equations. Recurrent equations for discrete function correspond to differential equations for the continuous function. The Application of presented theory in this paper contains the numerical solutions referring the wear values of HDD bearing system in the indicated period of operating time.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 463-470
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The preliminary research of the influence of grease microcontainers made on the surface of the slide association on the vibration signal recorded for this association
Autorzy:
Boruta, G.
Napadłek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vibration
slide association
friction
wear
grease microcontainers
Opis:
There is shown the construction of an elaborated test stand for the test research of sliding friction associations. The following properties of tested friction associations are described: type (chemical composition) and hardening of applied materials, as well as the results of the analysis of topography of their collaborating surfaces (base material and then after creating grease microcontainers in it). The methodology and the range of performed researches are described. The researches were conducted using the accelerometer A0760GP and the industrial measurement device Emerson CSI 2130. On the basis of recorded vibration signals, their amplitude spectra were determined. These spectra were being compared and analysed in reference to the possibilities of application of measurements of vibration signals to indication of the process of association wear. It was found that the process of wear of the tested sliding association without lubrication from grease microcontainers is visible as the change of form of vibration signals recorded for this association as even over-a-dozen-fold changes in the value of amplitudes of some special harmonic components of those signals, especially high-frequency components within the analysed range of frequencies. It was also found that the application of the grease microcontainers on the surface on which rollers slide (not roll) allowed to acquire a significant reduction of the process of wear of the tested slide association, showed by the slower pace of growth of the value of all harmonic components, especially high-frequency components within the analysed range of frequencies. At the end there were provided directions of further researches.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 59-67
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The application of CrN and TiN coatings in slide bearing kinematic coupling pin surface layer modification processes
Autorzy:
Lubas, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
TiN
CrN
wear
sliding friction
surface treatment
Opis:
This work presents the results of tribological stand tests of slide bearings with pins modified with CrN and TiN coatings and pins with a TiN-steel 46Cr2 and CrN-steel 46Cr2 ,,ring" structure. The ,,rin" structure samples features materials with different tribological properties in the form of rings on the pin slide surface. Such a structure is obtained when covering the 46Cr2 steel pin base with a discrete layer of TiN or CrN, using the PVD method. The stand tests of frictional couplings have been performed for the frictional kinematic coupling pin with modified surface layer and CuPb30 and AlSn20 alloy bearing liner slice. During the tests the tribological couplings were lubricated with Castrol magnatec engine oil (5W/40). The tests were performed on a T-05 tribological tester. The test results demonstrated the tribological advantageous using the "ring" structure samples in the frictional couplings. The tests demonstrated that the friction forces and the bearing material quantity wear were the least for couplings with CrN steel, 46Cr2 and nitrogen hardening, and the largest for TiN pin couplings. Modification of the CrN pin surface layer has a beneficial impact on reducing frictional resistance, and temperature reduction in the friction area as well as reduction in bearing alloy wear.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 263-267
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurements of maximum crankcase pressure for evaluation of the piston-rings- cylinder assembly
Autorzy:
Abramek, K.F.
Abramek, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
blow-by
wear
piston
rings
cylinder
crankcase
Opis:
In the paper is presented statistical analysis of the effect of compression-ignition engine working time on the phenomenon of exhaust gas maximum pressure increase in crankcase and cylinder liner, pistons and rings wear. Characteristics of the crankcase maximum pressure variations were made for the start-up speed and for selected rotational speeds of the 359 compression-ignition engine crankshaft as well as micrometric measurements of the cylinder liner and pistons and rings wear. The engine was operated under normal traction conditions while pressure analyses and cylinder liner micrometric measurements were made, respectively, after an operational run of 204864 km. Crankcase exhaust gas maximum pressure measurements were made both with air vent open and closed for a cold (lubricating oil temperature of 285 K) and a warm engine (333 K). Basing on the analysis of obtained examination results, it was showed that crankcase exhaust gas maximum pressure measurement (also during the start-up) may be used for determination of engine run and life. Average and maximum wear and tear of cylinder liner s, maximum wear and tear of pistons in the perpendicular plane to the piston pin axis, dependency of maximum crankcase pressure in the function of operational mileage of a 359 engine for lubricating oil temperature of 333 K, dependency of maximum crankcase pressure in the function of operational mileage for lubricating oil temperature of 285 K are presented.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 23-28
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The aftermarket additives used in lubricating oils
Autorzy:
Młynarczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
lubricating oils
aftermarket additives
boundary laye
wear
Opis:
The paper presents literature review concerning the aftermarket additives used in lubricating oils. Classification, principle of operation and scientific research of aftermarket additive operational effectiveness was presented. In majority of cases lubricating oils modified by aftermarket, additives are tested by means of a four-ball extreme pressure tester T-02 or friction machine T-05. Tester T-02 is used to determine lubricating oil parameters like weld load Pz, maximum non-seizure load Pn, seizure load Pt, load wear index Ih and load limit of wear Goz according to Polish Norm (PN-76/C-04147). Investigation of the tribological properties (friction force, wear of the matching elements) is executed by means of friction machine T-05. Until now, scientific research does not result in unequivocal assessment of the aftermarket additives. It come from big variety of aftermarket additives (chemical interaction aftermarket additives, additives that contain molecules of solid lubricants, additives that are able to form conditions for selective transfer lubrication) and their various principles of operation. Now the chemical interaction aftermarket additives have the widest application. These additives join permanently with lubricating oil, so they do not precipitate on the filters and do not create heat-insulating layers unlike the additives which contain molecules of solid lubricants (for example PTFE). Chemical interaction aftermarket additives improve antiwear (AW) and antiseizue (EP) properties of lube oils, decrease temperature in friction area and consequently minimize wear of the machines metal elements. Their functioning efficiency is usually the highest in hard working conditions (high loads, polluted environment, deteriorating technical condition of friction node elements) and in case of oils worse equipped with AW and EP additives (machine and hydraulic oils). In case of polymers, the influence of aftermarket additives is ambiguous.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 293-298
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geometrical structure for endoprosthesis surface lubrication and wear prognosis
Autorzy:
Wierzcholski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
endoprosthesis
surface
measurements
gap height
wear
random prognosis
Opis:
It can be stated that over the last ten years in the European Union, the number of bone fractures caused by osteoarthritis has increased twofold. More than 100,000 hip or knee joints in total were implanted in Germany during one year. Within ten years, 5% of them have failed by aseptic loosening. The non-invasive determination of friction forces and control of their values during lubrication of cartilage cells on the superficial layer of human joint surfaces before implantation has a significant but not sufficient impact on the observation of the early abrasive wear of the cartilage joint and development of osteoporosis. From this fact was drawn the inspiration for the performed investigations related to the endoprosthesis surface parameters because knowledge of the roughness of prosthesis surfaces and friction forces and their control methods permits provision of a necessary standard deviation of the gap height and finally information about the implantation possibility. This article has been prepared based on the objective of European Project UE Grant IRSES,612593, 2013-2016 to represent the methodology and goal of the idea described in and make a wider discussion possible on this subject for further developments during the realization. To the research methods and materials used in this article realization belong: Rank Taylor Hobson-Talyscan 150 Apparatus implemented by Talymap Expert and Microsoft Excel Computer Program connected with the Mathcad 15 Professional Program and a new semi-analytical methods of probabilistic and statistic prognosis applied for theory of hydrodynamic lubrication of the curvilinear orthogonal surface and coordinates extended to the friction and wear problems of the endoprosthesis surfaces during the exploitation.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 335-341
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Behaviour of the exhaust valve cladding face under the service conditions
Autorzy:
Kończewicz, W.
Smoleńska, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust valve
laser cladding
cobalt alloy
service wear
Opis:
During the ship engine operation one of the key problems is the exhaust valve durability. A special interest is in valve head face because this narrow part of the valve is responsible for tightness. Cobalt base laser cladding layer on the exhaust valve head face have been investigate under real service condition using the laboratory two-stroke diesel engine L22 for two years. During this time the engine was fuelling with both ordinary light fuel and biodiesel fuel. After removing from the valve head from the cylinder head the face surface were fully inspected optically. There were no damages and the surface was shining in the great deal however some dark "spots " on it. The samples made of the used valve head underwent microstructural investigation and hardness measurements. There were no observed substantial microstructural changes neither in the surface of the layer nor in the bulk of the clad. The decrease of the hardness numbers was observed but still clad layer presented higher hardness than steel base. This type ofclad layer underwent intensive laboratory examinations which contained oxidation experiments at different temperatures and corrosion in exhaust gases and with the present service experiment this method of valve head hard facing is suitable for practical applications.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 265-271
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tribological properties of sliding pairs with surface layer containing boron under mixed friction conditions
Autorzy:
Lubas, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
surface treatment
wear
sliding friction
boron
bearing alloy
Opis:
The aim of the present work is to determine the influence of surface layers containing boron on the friction parameters in sliding pairs under mixed friction conditions. The tribological evaluation included three production methods of surface layers with boron; pack boronizing, laser boronizing, and TiB2 coating deposited on 46Cr2 steel. Modified surface layers of ring specimens with 46Cr2 steel were matched under test conditions with a counterpart made from AlSn20 bearing alloy. Tested sliding pairs were lubricated with 5W/40 Lotos synthetic engine oil. The applied modification technologies of the surface layer of steel allowed for obtaining construction materials with predetermined tribological characteristics required for the elements of sliding pairs working undermixed friction conditions. The results showed differences in the wear of bearing alloy, as the effect of the interaction between the cooperating surface layers and of the physiochemical changes of their surfaces, induced by external forces. The TiB2 coating generated the highest friction resistance and bearing alloy wear. The pack borided surface layer reduces the friction coefficient, the moment during the start-up of the frictional pair and the wear of the bearing material. The analysis of the surface layer indicated that the content of aluminum on pack borided ring specimens reached 21%, and on the TiB2 coating, it exceeded 8%.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 185-192
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on structures and properties of the laser cladding exhaust valve after service
Autorzy:
Kończewicz, W.
Krużycki, P.
Smoleńska, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244029.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust valve
laser cladding
cobalt alloy
service wear
Opis:
The cobalt base laser cladding layers which were built up on the exhaust valve head face of the heavy loaded marine diesel engine have been investigated. The valve head with cladded face were served successfully for 3000 hours in the engine of the Dar Młodzieży. After removing from the valve head from the cylinder head the face surface were fully inspected. The surface topography and roughness were evaluated. Microstructure on the cross section of the clad layer were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS. Also microhardness of the clad layer was measured. The service conditions resulted with the formation of the scale which had different thickness and tended to cracking and spalling. The microstructure of the clad layers after service did not demonstrated serious degradation process. The decrease of the hardness numbers was observed but still clad layer presented higher hardness than steel base. This type of clad layer underwent intensive laboratory examinations which contained oxidation experiments at different temperatures and corrosion in exhaust gases, long time exposition in laboratory engine and in the end 3000 hours successfully service on the ship. After such experience laser cladding cobalt base layers may be recommended as a useful solutionfor both prolongs of the service life and a method of the regeneration of the slightly used valve heads is suitable for practical applications.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 211-216
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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