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Tytuł:
Untypical cases and incorrect results of vibration tests
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vibration tests
vibration analysis
resonance tests
resonance analysis
modal analysis
Opis:
The vibration analysis is the study of the behaviour and dynamic properties of mechanical structures under actuation by harmonic vibration forces. The aim of resonance tests of the structures is the experimental delimitation of frequencies and the modes of resonance vibrations. vibration analysis, or more precisely experimental vibration analysis, is the field of measuring and analyzing the dynamic response of mechanical structures when excited by a mechanical input. The broadly applied method of research relies on the harmonic actuation of vibrations and the measurement of respective parameters. Examples would include measuring the vibration of an aircraft load bearing structure when it is attached to an electromagnetic force actuator. Current vibration testing systems are composed of actuators set with their control and powering circuits, the vibration measurement transducers (typically accelerometers), an analog-to-digital converter to digitize analog instrumentation signals) and a system host computer to analyze the data and view it. The result of researcher own accumulated experiences and those experiences knownfrom the literature create the possibility for design o f a stochastic frame model describing, what type of resonances are possible to expect in the given or other type of structure. The cases submitted below became perceived and tested in the course of research of several aircraft, glider and helicopter designs in the Resonance Tests Program of the Institute of Aviation
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 591-597
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CI engine as a case study of thermomechanical FE analysis of the piston - piston rings - cylinder system
Autorzy:
Szurgott, P.
Niezgoda, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engine piston
composite piston
thermomechanical analysis
FE analysis
Opis:
The compression-ignition engine as a case study of a methodology of the numerical modelling and simulation of the piston - piston rings - cylinder system was presented in the paper. Thermomechanical FE analysis, taking into account thermal and mechanical loads, was carried out using the MSC.Marc/Mentat software. The mechanical loads included loads due to inertial and gas forces as well. A three dimensional solid geometrical model of the considered set was developed using AutoCAD software, whereas the finite element mesh was generated using Altair HyperMesh. Kinematic boundary conditions - the vertical displacement and acceleration of the piston - were described by the corresponding curves as a function of time for selected engine speed. Changes in pressure on the piston crown were estimated based on data from the engine manufacturer and the corresponded indicator diagram available in the literature. The results of thermomechanical FE analysis were presented in the form of stress and/or displacement contours. The main aim of the analysis was to determine the deformation of the piston depending of on the piston material. Two types of material were compared - the actual one PA12 aluminum alloy and the new composite material with low hysteresis. The second material was characterized by slight differences of the coefficient of thermal expansion for heating and cooling.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 399-406
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamics model of stabilization mechanism for helicopter PAD
Autorzy:
Brewczyński, D.
Tora, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
maritime engineering
kinematic analysis
dynamic analysis
mechanism design
safety
Opis:
Helipad located on ships greatly increases their ability to perform tactical and logistical abilities. They allow performing reconnaissance from the air, transportation of cargos and people to and from the ship. Landing on a moving ship particularly small size during bad weather is not a safe manoeuvre. Article provides an overview of existing solutions that improve safety during the landing manoeuvre of the helicopter to the ship and describes an innovative mechanism with can stabilize helicopter pad in four degrees of freedom. This solution is characterized in that the landing plate is movable and actuated simultaneously by two support plates and two levers. Plates and levers are driven by separate linear motors that move along the guides connected to the base. The main feature of the mechanism is that when the base is not stable, it can reduce the linear movement of the landing platform in the vertical and transverse direction and angular displacement around an axis perpendicular and parallel to the axis of the ship. A preferred feature of the mechanism is that in folded position it occupies relatively little space. In addition, advantageous attribute of the mechanism is its large working area, enabling the reduction of high amplitude vibration. The article contains a calculation of the kinematics for the proposed structure of the mechanism. It also includes speed drives waveforms, which are the result of simulations for the input parameters of the ship movement.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 61-68
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research of the dynamic properties of structures the models of interpretation
Autorzy:
Wiśniowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243504.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
aviation
vibration
structure testing
resonance analysis
modal analysis
Opis:
Experimental research of the dynamic properties of structures is performed during of prototype perfectioning, current exploitation and even after the withdrawal from the exploitation for the estimation of the residual durabilities. The aim for research of the dynamic properties of structures is the assurance of its safety, reliability, economic management and comfort. Researcher records the amplitudes of vibrations in the function of the actuation frequencies. Local raise of the amplitude is qualified as resonance. From the researcher point of view, the shape of resonance curves justifies the discrimination of two types of phenomena's: „single resonance" and „close frequencies resonance". For better understanding of these occurrences „the models of interpretation" were proposed. Up to three models of interpretation were assigned to the single resonance: one-degree-of-freedom system, one-degree-of-freedom system with share of the backlashes, two one-degree-of-freedom systems with the same frequencies. From above reasoning, the conclusion results that researcher can expect that the preliminary isolated single resonance belongs to one from the three, mentioned above cases. The judgment of these occurrences, just as the disentanglement of relations in the resonance pair with close frequencies, determines next challenge for the researcher.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 561-565
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of signal of X4 unmanned aerial vehicle
Autorzy:
Mięsikowska, M.
Nowakowski, M.
Lorenc, W.
Chodnicki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
unmanned aerial vehicles
drones
time-dependent frequency analysis
signal analysis
Opis:
Unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly used in military service and in everyday life. Drones can be used for many purposes i.e. recreation, military applications or to increase the safety of citizens. Unmanned aerial vehicle can become a source of information, based on which object/operator can make a certain decisions. Unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly used in ecological research. UAV can be capable of making sophisticated maps and may scan terrain for forest fires. They can contribute to safe infrastructure maintenance and management. Often, however, these objects being in the possession of civilians can become a source of danger and impact on privacy. It is therefore necessary to detect and recognize such objects in a real time. The aim of this study was to analyse the acoustic signal of unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with four rotating propellers – X4 structure (12000 rpm/min). The maximum speed of the object is 60 km/h and the ceiling to which it can operate flights reaches 1500 m AGL. The acoustic signal was acquired by Olympus LS11 digital recorder. Recordings were performed when the object is away from the recording equipment at the distance of 1 km. Analysis of the recorded signal can provide a significant information about the unmanned aerial vehicle. Results showed that some specific characteristic signal features are clearly visible in the signal even if the object is far away from the recording equipment.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 321-326
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of engine rotational speed on the natural frequencies of the turbine blade
Autorzy:
Witek, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turbine blade
modal analysis
resonant frequency
finite element method
experimental analysis
Opis:
In this work, the influence of the engine rotational speed on the natural frequencies of the turbine blade was investigated. In first part of the work the experimental modal analysis of the blade were made using the vibration system. The investigated blade was fixed to the movable head of the shaker. The blade amplitude was measured using the piezoelectric accelerometers. As results of experimental modal analysis, the resonant frequencies for first three modes of vibration were determined. In the next step of the work, the numerical models of the blades with different size of the finite elements were performed in order to check the convergence of the numerical solution. For each models the natural frequencies were determined for the non-rotated blade. The numerical results were next compared to the results of experimental modal analysis. After this comparison, one model only was selected for the further computations. In the last part of the work, the complex multi-steps analysis was performed in order to investigate the influence of turbine rotational speed on the modes and natural frequencies of the blade. Obtained results are important from both the research and also the practical point of view and have an influence on reliability of the engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 421-428
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cost analysis of hydrogen energy generation
Autorzy:
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
hydrogen
production
costs analysis
Opis:
Relatively high energy costs and the perspective of running out fossil fuel natural resources stimulates scientists and engineers all over the world to concentrate their efforts on inventing new sources of energy. For decades, hydrogen technology is considered as source of renewable energy. Hydrogen can be used both as the energy carrier as far as substrate in the chemical industry. Plans for hydrogen utilization as the fuel applied to automotive engines also is under investigation. Lot of works describing various technologies for hydrogen processing have come into being, the ways of production and storing this substance have also been worked out. The important part in analysis is costs of applying fuels with respect to their impact on natural environment. As found, these costs are usually difficult to be estimated. In this paper, the main directions in development of hydrogen technologies were analysed concerning total costs for hydrogen processing. As concluded, overall costs of the technology for both hydrogen generation and electric power production are significantly higher with respect to costs for energy generation by coal-fired power plants. The hydrogen production costs characterized themselves with the highest share in overall costs at hydrogen economy, and they depend on technology development. It is expected that overall costs of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen should be remarkably reduced in short-medium term future because of development in: photovoltaic technology – that will contribute to reduce hydrogen production costs by electrolysis process. Additionally, it is expected to reduce costs for hydrogen storage.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 121-126
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermomechanical FE analysis of the engine piston made of composite material with low histeresis
Autorzy:
Szurgott, P.
Niezgoda, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engine piston
composite piston
coefficient of thermal expansion
thermal analysis
FE analysis
Opis:
The main purpose of the preliminary analyses presented in the paper was to compare the behaviour of the combustion engine piston made of different type of materials under thermal load. A thermomechanical FE analysis of the engine piston made of composite material was shown. A selected engine is installed in one of the popular polish tanks. The proposed new material is characterized by a low hysteresis – the differences of the coefficient of thermal expansion for heating and cooling are not significant. The results obtained for the piston made of a new material were compared with those for the current standard material. The piston was loaded by a temperature field inside it. Appropriate averaged thermal boundary conditions such as temperatures and heat fluxes were set on different surfaces of the FE model. FE analyses were carried out using MSC.Marc software. Development of the FE model was also presented. Geometrical CAD model of the piston was developed based on the actual engine piston, which was scanned using a 3D laser scanner. A cloud of points obtained from the scanner was processed and converted into a 3- dimensional solid model. FE model of a quarter part of the piston was developed for the preliminary analysis presented in the paper. 4-node tetrahedron finite elements were applied since there was no axial symmetry of the considered object. The temperature field inside the piston was determined and presented in the form of contour bands. Contours of displacement and stress in a radial direction were shown as well.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 645-650
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of IED sidebar explosion influence on hull of light fighting vehicle
Autorzy:
Barnat, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
blast
IED
protection
numerical analysis
Opis:
This paper shows preliminary numerical analysis of impact of IED sidebar blast on the hull of the light fighting vehicle in order to meet the current standards. Numerical analysis was carried out using a 3-dimensional shell FE model of the vehicle. The problem of the modelling method and computer simulations required several specific features for applied material models, e.g. physical state, plasticity, crispness, hardness. All necessary material properties were taken from the available literature or they were based on the experimental tests carried out in the Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science at the Military University of Technology. The STANAG 4569 is a legal basis that regulates the level of ballistic protection for such vehicles. Companies producing that kind of armoured vehicles for army, constantly look for the best and the newest energy consuming materials to ensure appropriate protection of the vehicle and the crew inside it against the effect of IED blast. The connection between a detonation wave and a formed shrapnel shell after detonation of the IED is created depending on the mass and kind of the charge. It is caused by impulsive load on a side bar or the bottom of a light vehicle. Both, safety of people and equipment endurance, is compatible with main rules that are common in Polish Army and it will be common rule in future. It is the fact that motivates the research centres and the arms industry to develop a product using advance computation method to construct new energy absorbing construction which will increase safety of the crew in the armed vehicle.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 7-14
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of virtual computational objects properties by using of screening designs
Autorzy:
Pietraszek, J.
Lisowski, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
modelling
screening design
effects analysis
Opis:
The paper presents results of investigation on the method of determination of significant properties in the case of virtual computational objects like FEM models. Typical approach is very time-consuming and involves the sequence of meshing and high performance computing. The method proposed in the paper is time-saving by utilization of the experimental design methodology, in particular the screening design analysis. The analysis based on Plackett-Burman designs and fractional factorial designs is focused on the maximum cost reduction. It provides to the main effects analysis. In the mentioned case of the virtual computational object it allows determining significant properties of the model and to focus on the selected most important parameters affecting the key properties of the object. Time-saving is obtained by eliminating insignificant factors from the study area. The mathematical basis for this approach is well known from the experimental design area, and the novelty is the use of it to the particular deterministic computational object. Specific metrics are defined for approximation accuracy, computational cost and their relationship to show the benefits of the method. Identification was carried out in two ways. The first method is used when the two elements are available: the set of output feature values obtained experimentally and chosen error criterion for comparing the predicted and measured values of output characteristics. The second method requires a binding equation or equations, which must be satisfied.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 339-346
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of vibroacoustic properties of the 250-C20R/2 RRC (Allison) engine in the support surface of the compressor
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vibroacoustic properties
engine vibration analysis
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of the levels of vibration on the compressor in the support surface of the American RRC Allison 250-C20R engine built into the SW-4 Puszczyk helicopter. Then, it presents the association of occurring vibrations with their source of origin, and also the comparison of their values with the limit values specified in the operating manual of the helicopter. The methodology of the conducted research and analyses are explained. The essential elements preceding the research, such as determining time courses, on the basis of which the most important parts to conduct the detailed analyses of changes of the basic parameters and compliance with technical conditions, are defined. Moreover, the theoretical issues in terms of determination and description of the characteristic parameters of mechanical vibrations are briefly presented. The typical terms used in the procedures of vibration, description and measurements are explained. The importance of the interpretation of measurements is quite significantly emphasised and the components of the main engine, which were subject to measurement, are indicated. The difficulties in the identification of the vibration due to the high probability of overlapping of vibrations coming from several elements are emphasised. Next, the methodology of measurement is described, in which, among others, mounting points of vibration sensors are presented. The final part of the paper is mainly a graphical presentation of the results, on the basis of which the conclusions are developed. The conclusions show a lack of decisive symptoms indicating the danger at the level of vibrations, and present the future directions of work, which will allow for a more detailed analysis.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 281-288
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of bird strike events with the helicopter windshield
Autorzy:
Ćwiklak, J.
Grzesik, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
air transport
bird strikes
numerical analysis
Opis:
The aim of this article is to describe simulation results of a bird strike with a helicopter windshield. The simulation was performed based on LS-DYNA software by means of the SPH and Lagrangian methods. For the sake of the analysis, we selected a light helicopter, which is not covered by any certification requirements with regard to the windshield. The simulations were conducted for various bird shapes (sphere, cylinder, cylinder with hemispherical endings) for the cruising speed of Vc = 285 km/h. As a result of the simulations, we achieved comparative analyses of the methods at stake in the aspect of time curves of the kinetic energy, velocity and windshield deformation. The findings are depicted graphically and are presented in the form of charts. The deformations that were obtained as a result of the conducted tests may be referred to the data included in the AAIB report, which described the case of damaging the Agusta A-109C helicopter due to a collision with a seagull at the speed of approximately 278 km/h. The deformations obtained through numerical simulation do not make an accurate representation of this type of damage as in the case of a real one. Nevertheless, they reveal its character. While examining the test simulations from the quantity viewpoint, it is possible to observe slight discrepancies related to the applied approaches of bird modelling. In case of the kinetic energy, the slight discrepancies in the initial moment stem from rounding the mass of a single particle of the model, by means of the SPH method. The velocity curves of the accepted centre of the bird model vary considerably, depending upon its shape, which is linked with the deformation manner of the particular models.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 85-92
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of a light caterpillar vehicle loaded with blast wave from detonated IED
Autorzy:
Barnat, W.
Niezgoda, T.
Panowicz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
IED
vehicle shell
FE analysis
ground
Opis:
More and more impudent attacks on the military convoys in Afghanistan proved a huge danger of the improvised explosive devices - IED. Huger and more clever charges are a serious problem for vehicles protection. Additionally, hitherto defence standards and STANAG didn't predict such huge charges. Majority investigations were based on a 3 kg anti-tank mine. The article presents the results of numerical calculations for the elements of the combat vehicle supporting structure loaded with an impact generated by explosion of a huge explosive charge under the bottom of the vehicle with consideration of the wave reflected from the ground. Such an approach allows obtaining a good approximation of numerical simulations to real conditions of terroristic attacks. Additionally, the analysis of IED side influence on the vehicle shell was conducted. The explosive charge — IED — was simulated with the use of concentrated energy of properly selected (on the base of literature investigations) density and initial energy. During analyses of side explosive on the vehicle structure, the obstacle in the form of a building increasing the pressure impulse was taken into account. The paper presents the results of a numerical analysis in which Euler and Lagrange domains(describing a vehicle) were coupled. A perfect gas model was used to describe air parameters.. Additionally, the ground was described with a gas model. Every kind of material data were selected on the base of experimental investigations. A bilinear material model with a Cowper and Symonds strain rate model was used to describe a vehicle. Such an approach fully describes the phenomena occurring in the system.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 27-34
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling in technical diagnostics
Autorzy:
Żółtowski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
technical diagnostics
identification
modelling
modal analysis
Opis:
The knowledge of the dynamic stat and structure of the system allows desercribing its behaviour, and allows creating prognosis models of the system behaviour in the function of dynamic evolution time, based on the model of the technical state symptoms growth. Most often, however, there are no known equations describing behaviours of the system in the function of dynamic evolution time, which accounts for the need to apply new tools to examine the dynamic state. There is, therefore, the requirement to experimentally verify analytical technical models as the proper one is a model which is verified in practice. An experiment is, therefore, often only an inspiration for further researches leading to the optimization of the construction. In this work presented are chosen problems of machines technical state diagnosis with the use of identification and technical diagnostics methods. Relations between methods of dynamic state evaluation and methods of technical state evaluation were indicated. Example modal analysis results illustrate the complexity of projecting dynamic state researches into diagnostic researches of machine state evaluation.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 541-546
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Blade piston compressor
Autorzy:
Kalina, P.
Chomczyk, W.
Irzycki, A.
Snopkiewicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242077.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
mechanics
compressor
MES
dynamic force analysis
Opis:
The paper describes the principles of building and working of new blade piston compressor. dynamic force analysis of assembly of crankshaft and first research results are also presented. The working principle of this compressor was patented by prof. W. Chomczyk. The piston, in shape of a blade, executes a pendulum movement in a circular cylinder. The two bulkheads with valves create four compression chambers for one piston. The compressor features compactness of construction and high efficiency. The lack of side thrust of the piston on cylinder surface is a major advantage of the construction. The lack of friction between crown and cylinder makes it possible to build an oil-free compressor. The strength calculation of chosen elements was executed in MES (Cosmos WORKS program). The acceleration of piston was a parameter which was optimized. The investigation of different tightening was conducted on a single-compression machine. The single compression machine was driven by pneumatic actuator having the task of imitation of piston movement during the compression cycle. The results of investigations of labyrinth seals are described in the paper. The compressor can find use in truck and bus aggregate drives. Paper present analysis of crank and crosshead mechanism 's kinematics, and dynamic loads, strength analysis of compressor components and construction of compressor.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 157-163
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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