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Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
Tytuł:
Sulphur in the Polish fertilization diagnositcs
Siarka w polskiej diagnostyce nawozowej
Autorzy:
Skwierawska, M.
Krzebietke, S.
Jankowski, K.
Benedycka, Z.
Mackiewicz-Walec, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Over the years, researchers from Polish research centres have been improving analytical methods as well as plant and soil assays, designed to diagnose demands of crops for sulphur fertilization and to assess their supply with this element. In this article, the authors look back at the last 100 years of the Polish research on sulphur, in the context of analytical methods, soil and plant assays, and their application to assessments of crop fertilization requirements. Studies on diagnosing crops’ demand for sulphur fertilization have a long-standing tradition. Back in 1903, for example, Godlewski and Jentys wrote about nutritional demands of crops and about sulphur nutrition. For over a century since then, the analytical methods have changes, soil and plant assays have been designed and parameters have been established to facilitate assessment of plant nutrient demands. Sulphur-oxidizing autotrophic microorganisms or the fungi Aspergillus niger have been used for diagnosis. Another investigated possibility was monitoring the capacity of sulphur for migration, assayed in lisymetric experiments. The 1960s were a time when modifications of earlier turbimetric methods appeared. In addition, applications of the isotope 35S were checked as a sulphur marker enabling determination of the dynamics of this element in soil and in plants. With the passing of time, new technologies and measuring devices were developed. Some research centres implemented sulphur detection assays on soil and plant material with the following methods: ICP, GC, HPLC or XPF (x-ray fluorescent analysis). With respect to soil and plant tests, which admittedly are a very useful tool for monitoring the sulphur abundance in soil and nutritional demands of plants, it is now the time to state that they need further verification and calibration, in both pot and field experiments.
Na przestrzeni lat w polskich ośrodkach naukowych badacze udoskonalali metody analityczne oraz testy roślinne i glebowe w celu diagnozowania potrzeb nawożenia siarką i oceny zaopatrzenia roślin w ten pierwiastek. Celem pracy była retrospektywna analiza 100 lat polskich badań nad siarką w kontekście metod analitycznych, testów glebowych i roślinnych oraz wykorzystania ich do oceny potrzeb nawozowych roślin. Polskie badania dotyczące diagnozowania potrzeb nawożenia siarką mają długą tradycję. Już w 1903 r. Godlewski i Jentys pisali o wymaganiach pokarmowych roślin i nawożeniu siarką. W ciągu 100 lat polskich badań zmieniały się metody analityczne, opracowano testy glebowe i roślinne oraz wskaźniki mające ułatwić ocenę potrzeb nawozowych roślin. Do diagnozy wykorzystywano mikroorganizmy autotroficzne utleniające siarkę elementarną czy grzyby Aspergillus niger. Badano możliwości migracji siarki w doświadczeniach lizymetrycznych. Lata 60. to zarówno modyfikacje metod turbidymetrycznych, jak i poszukiwania zastosowań izotopu 35S do znakowania siarki w celu oznaczania dynamiki siarki w glebie i roślinie. W miarę upływu czasu pojawiły się nowe technologie i aparatury pomiarowe. Niektóre ośrodki naukowe zainicjowały oznaczanie siarki w materiale glebowym i roślinnym za pomocą ICP, GC, HPLC czy XPF – metodą analizy fluorescencyjnej rentgenowskiej. W nawiązaniu do testów glebowych i roślinnych, które są bardzo przydatnym narzędziem w monitorowaniu zasobności gleb w siarkę i wymagań pokarmowych roślin, można na dzień dzisiejszy stwierdzić, że wymagają one dalszych weryfikacji i kalibracji zarówno na poziomie doświadczeń wazonowych, jak i badań polowych.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2014, 19, 1
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of sulfur fertilization on the concentrations of copper, zinc and manganese in the roots, straw and oil cake of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg)
Zawartość miedzi, cynku i manganu w korzeniach, słomie i wytłokach rzepaku (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg) w zależności od nawożenia siarką
Autorzy:
Jankowski, K.
Kijewski, L.
Skwierawska, M.
Krzebietke, S.
Mackiewicz-Walec, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Sulfur application has a significant effect on the yield of oil bearing plants of the family Brassicaceae , especially when the sulfur content of soil is low . Sulfur fertilization also affects the value of plant raw materials, reflected by the concentrations of mineral and biologically active compounds in biomass. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sulfur application to soil on the concentrations of copper, zinc and manganese in the root residues, straw and oil cake of winter and spring rapeseed. A three-year (2005-2008) field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Experimentation Station in Bałcyny (NE Poland). In both spring and winter rapeseed, oil cake contained the highest levels of copper and zinc, followed by root residues and straw. The highest concentrations of manganese per kg dry matter (DM) were found in the root residues of winter rapeseed and in the cake of spring rapeseed. The concentrations of micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn) were slightly higher in the roots of winter rapeseed, compared with spring rapeseed. Sulfur fertilization decreased copper levels and increased manganese levels in the root residues of spring and winter rapeseed. Sulfur application to soil increased zinc concentrations in winter rapeseed roots, and it had no significant influence on the zinc content of spring rapeseed roots. Spring rapeseed straw contained considerably higher levels of zinc and manganese than winter rapeseed straw. The copper content of straw was comparable in spring and winter rapeseed. Sulfur application to soil increased the concentrations of zinc and manganese in winter rapeseed straw, and it had no significant effect on the levels of those minerals in spring rapeseed straw. Spring rapeseed cake had a significantly higher content of copper and zinc, compared with winter rapeseed cake. Manganese concentrations in the cake of spring and winter rapeseed were similar. Sulfur fertilization contributed to a significant increase in the concentrations of zinc and manganese in winter rapeseed cake. The manganese content of spring rapeseed cake decreased significantly in response to sulfur fertilization, which had no effect on the concentrations of the other micronutrients.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2014, 19, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yield and quality of winter oilseed rape in response to different systems of foliar fertilization
Autorzy:
Jankowski, K. J.
Hulanicki, P. S.
Krzebietke, S.
Żarczyński, P.
Hulanicki, P.
Sokólski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different systems of foliar fertilization on the yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), the mineral composition of post-harvest biomass and the processing suitability of seeds. In winter oilseed rape grown on boulder clay, intensified foliar fertilization increased seed yield (by 0.43-0.69 Mg ha-1 87% dry matter, DM), straw yield (by 0.59-1.69 Mg ha-1 DM), and decreased the harvest index (by 2-3%). The seeds of winter oilseed rape accumulated more N, P, Ca, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe than straw. The concentrations of P, Mg and S were higher in straw than in seeds. Foliar fertilization increased the N, P and K content (by 2.0, 0.35 and 1.15 g kg-1 DM, respectively) and decreased the Mg and S content of straw (by 2.08 and 0.77 g kg-1 DM, respectively). A chemical analysis of seeds revealed significant changes only in the concentrations of K, S (increase by 0.57 and 0.55 g kg-1 DM, respectively) and P (decrease by 0.90 g kg-1 DM, respectively) under the influence of foliar fertilization. Intensified foliar fertilization increased the concentrations of Cu and Zn and decreased the levels of Mn and Fe in straw and seeds. The nutritional value of seeds deteriorated (crude fat content decreased by around 5.5 g kg-1 DM, but the composition of fatty acids (FAs), and the proportions of saturated FAs, monounsaturated FAs and polyunsaturated FAs were not significantly altered) with an increase in foliar fertilization levels. Foliar application of macronutrients and micronutrients improved the feed value of winter oilseed rape seeds. Intensified foliar fertilization reduced the content of alkenyl (by approx. 47%) and indole (by approx. 6%) glucosinolates in seeds, mostly due to a decrease in the concentrations of progoitrin, gluconapin and 4-OH-glucobrassicin.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 4
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yield and quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to different systems of foliar fertilization
Autorzy:
Jankowski, K.J.
Hulanicki, P.S.
Sokolski, M.
Hulanicki, P.
Dubis, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Foliar fertilizers are increasingly used in agricultural practice to maximize the yield potential of T. aestivum. Foliar fertilization can effectively reverse nutritional deficiencies (macronutrients), and it can be used as the main method for supplying plants with the required micronutrients. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various systems of foliar micronutrient and macronutrient fertilization on the yield and quality of wheat grain. A field experiment was carried out in 2012-2015, in the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny, owned by the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The highest grain yield (10.16 Mg ha-1) of winter wheat was noted in the treatment where foliar fertilizers were supplied in 5 applications. It was higher by 230-430 to 660 kg ha-1 than in plots where foliar fertilizers were supplied in 2 applications. Intensified foliar fertilization increased nitrogen (54%) and potassium (12%) concentrations, but decreased the magnesium (10%) content of winter wheat straw. The concentrations of phosphorus (0.34 g kg-1 dry matter (DM)), potassium (0.23 g kg-1 DM), calcium (0.40 g kg-1 DM) and sulfur (0.05 g kg-1 DM) in winter wheat grain increased in response to intensified foliar fertilization. Foliar application of liquid macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers increased micronutrient concentrations in winter wheat straw (copper, zinc, manganese, iron), but decreased the micronutrient content of grain (copper, zinc, iron). Intensified foliar fertilization significantly reduced total protein content (1.1 g kg-1 DM) and gluten content (0.9%) and deteriorated protein quality. The influence of different foliar fertilization systems on the falling number was determined by precipitation levels during the heading and ripening of winter wheat. The rheological properties of dough (development, stability and softness) improved each year in response to intensified foliar fertilization with macronutrients and micronutrients.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 3
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of sulfur fertilization on macronutrient concentrations in the post-harvest biomass of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg)
Autorzy:
Jankowski, K.J.
Kijewski, L.
Groth, D.
Skwierawska, M.
Budzynski, W.S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13964.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
plant cultivation
sulphur fertilization
macronutrient concentration
post-harvest biomass
rapeseed
spring rapeseed
winter rapeseed
root residue
straw
oil cake
Brassica napus var.oleifera
Opis:
Brassica oilseed crops have very high sulfur requirements. The progressive decrease in the sulfur content of soil, the growing share of cruciferous vegetables in agricultural ecosystems and a significant drop in annual wet and dry deposition of sulfur have prompted a growing body of research into sulfur as a valuable fertilizer ingredient. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sulfur fertilizers applied to soil on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur concentrations in the root residues, straw and oil cake of winter and spring rapeseed. The experimental material was collected from a field experiment conducted in 2005-2008 at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny (Poland). The highest concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur were noted in the oil cake of both winter and spring rapeseed. Potassium levels were highest in the root residues of winter and spring rapeseed. Winter rapeseed accumulated the highest amounts of calcium in roots, and spring rapeseed – in straw. Sulfur fertilizers applied to soil decreased nitrogen concentrations and increased calcium and sulfur levels in the roots of both spring and winter rapeseed, whereas phosphorus concentrations increased only in the roots of winter rapeseed. Sulfur fertilization led to a drop in the potassium content of winter rapeseed roots (by 0.7 g kg-1 DM) and an increase in potassium levels in spring rapeseed roots (by 1.2 g kg-1 DM). The application of sulfur fertilizers significantly increased potassium and sulfur concentrations in the straw of both spring and winter rapeseed (by 1.3-1.7 and 0.5-0.6 g kg-1 DM, respectively). The application of sulfur fertilizers at optimal doses for winter rapeseed significantly increased the calcium content of straw (by 1.3 g kg-1 DM), but did not lead to differences in nitrogen levels. Sulfur fertilization significantly reduced nitrogen (by 0.7 g kg-1 DM) and calcium (by 0.6 g kg-1 DM) concentrations of spring rapeseed straw. The content of all the analyzed macronutrients increased significantly in spring rapeseed oil cake in response to sulfur fertilization. Sulfur also increased the concentrations of the evaluated macronutrients, excluding nitrogen and phosphorus, in winter rapeseed oil cake.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2015, 20, 3
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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