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Tytuł:
Biochemical features of winter wheat grain affected by biological and chemical control treatments
Autorzy:
Wachowska, U.
Konopka, I.
Tańska, M.
Korzeniewska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
A new trend in plant protection consists in the integration of biological and chemical control treatments. Unfortunately, the biological control agents for winter wheat are still in short supply. Bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas have a unique ability to produce prolyl endopeptidases. Those enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing the peptide PQPQLPYPQPQLP. During the growing season, the bacteria may be used to protect winter wheat against infections caused by fungi of the genera Fusarium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bacterial isolates in protecting field- -grown winter wheat plants against spike infections and to assess the effect of bacteria on the chemical composition and microbiological purity of winter wheat grain. The effects of bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas as biological control agents against Fusarium head blight (FHB) of winter wheat were evaluated in a three-year field experiment. For comparative purposes, the fungicides propiconazole at the elongation stage (BBCH 31) and fluoxastrobin + prothiconazole at the heading stage (BBCH 55) were applied. In 2010 and 2011, the application of cell suspensions of bacteria alleviated the symptoms of disease by 27.3% and 75.8%, respectively in comparison with control. Wheat grain yield was higher in plots subjected to the biological and chemical treatment (by an average of 9.5 and 13.6%, respectively). For the first time, we observed that biological control modified the chemical characteristics of wheat grain. In control grain, the content of gluten proteins was 7.9% higher than in grain treated with the biocontrol agent. In wheat grain treated with the biocontrol agent, the highest decrease was observed in the concentrations of alpha/beta-gliadins (10.59%), but grain quality was most affected by an estimated 8% decrease in the content of HMW glutenins. Biological treatment inhibited the growth pathogens of F. culmorum, F. poae, F. sporotrichiodes and F. avenaceum. A cell suspension of bacteria did not inhibit the growth of yeasts and epiphytic bacteria of the genus Azotobacter on grains.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 4
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal carbon exchange in organic and conventional ley and winter wheat agroecosystems in central Lithuania
Autorzy:
Baležentienė, L.
Mikša, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Due to the increase in anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, the choice of technologies for mitigating climate change is becoming an important challenge for the agricultural sector. The investigation of two farming types, i.e. organic (OF) and conventional (CF), and their environmental impact on the carbon budget in ley (grass-clover) (G) and winter wheat (W) agroecosystems was carried out in 2014 - 2015 at the Training Farm of the Aleksandras Stulginskis University. For the estimation of carbon exchange, the closed chamber method with a portable measurement system was used. Compared with CF, OF reduced the mean soil respiration by 12% (p = 0.31) and 13% (p = 0.55); however, the total respiration Ra+s (autotrophs + soil) was reduced by only 2% and 15% in the ley and wheat agroecosystems, respectively. The strong positive correlation between soil respiration and temperature (r = 0.8, p = 0.25), moisture content (r = -0.7, p = 0.04), and electrical conductivity (r = 0.3, p = 0.47) confirmed the impact of soil physical properties on CO2 emissions from soil to the atmosphere. The CO2 sequestration potential of crops or gross primary production (GPP) also correlated with air temperature (r = 0.7), precipitation (r = -0.5) and leaf area index – LAI (r = 0.7). The amount of CO2 captured from the atmosphere was higher than that emitted during respiration in both the ley and wheat agroecosystems. The net ecosystem production (NEP) of 11.48 and 11.58 μmol m-2s-1 of the OF and CF ley was higher than the 8.93 and 9.42 μmol m-2s-1 of the OF and CF wheat, respectively. Given the Rs+a and CO2 sequestered in the biomass data, the difference between the carbon exchange for the OF and CF agroecosystems was insignificant. Therefore, the crop might be a more important CO2 sequestration factor than the farming type in planned rotation. Specifically, ley is preferred over winter wheat (irrespective of the farming system) for curbing the atmospheric C in biomass in terms of ecology. Nonetheless, the preference also depends on a farm’s practical purposes.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of sowing date variation on winter wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) quality and grain yield
Autorzy:
Jarecki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53673678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Effective management decisions in agriculture, such as timely sowing and harvesting, are crucial for achieving high and stable crop yields. This study analyzed the effects of sowing date on the yield of winter wheat (Tritium aestivum L.). The data used for this analysis were obtained from winter wheat sowing experiments conducted at the Experimental Station in Krasne, University of Rzeszów in Poland, between 2018 and 2021. The first factor examined was the sowing date: I – recommended, II – 30-day delay and III – 60-day delay. The second factor involved two varieties of wheat: RGT Bilanz and RGT Kilimanjaro. The grain yield determined in 2020 decreased by 1.11 t ha-1 compared to the yield obtained in 2019. Wheat sown on the recommended date produced the highest yield (7.99 t ha-1), while yields with 30- and 60-day sowing delays were significantly lower. Compared to the 60 day delay, the recommended sowing date significantly affected the SPAD and LAI indices, and yield components such as the number of ears per 1 m2 ground area and the number of grains per spike. In addition, sowing wheat on the first date resulted in an increase in protein, starch, phosphorus and potassium content in the grain compared to the third date. It also led to an increase in iron content and a decrease in fiber levels compared to the second and third dates. The variety RGT Bilanz had a significantly higher LAI value, and starch, phosphorus, manganese and iron content in the grain, while the variety RGT Kilimanjaro was characterized by a higher concentration of protein, potassium, zinc and copper in the grain.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2023, 28, 4; 1089-1100
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and phosphatase activities in the rhizosphere soil of organically grown winter wheat cultivars
Autorzy:
Martyniuk, S.
Jonczyk, K.
Koziel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2019, 24, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal carbon exchange in organic and conventional ley and winter wheat agroecosystems in central Lithuania
Autorzy:
Baležentienė, L.
Mikša, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
CO2
emissions
farming systems
gross primary production (GPP)
net ecosystem
production (NEP)
environment
Opis:
Due to the increase in anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, the choice of technologies for mitigating climate change is becoming an important challenge for the agricultural sector. The investigation of two farming types, i.e. organic (OF) and conventional (CF), and their environmental impact on the carbon budget in ley (grass-clover) (G) and winter wheat (W) agroecosystems was carried out in 2014 - 2015 at the Training Farm of the Aleksandras Stulginskis University. For the estimation of carbon exchange, the closed chamber method with a portable measurement system was used. Compared with CF, OF reduced the mean soil respiration by 12% (p = 0.31) and 13% (p = 0.55); however, the total respiration Ra+s (autotrophs + soil) was reduced by only 2% and 15% in the ley and wheat agroecosystems, respectively. The strong positive correlation between soil respiration and temperature (r = 0.8, p = 0.25), moisture content (r = -0.7, p = 0.04), and electrical conductivity (r = 0.3, p = 0.47) confirmed the impact of soil physical properties on CO2 emissions from soil to the atmosphere. The CO2 sequestration potential of crops or gross primary production (GPP) also correlated with air temperature (r = 0.7), precipitation (r = -0.5) and leaf area index – LAI (r = 0.7). The amount of CO2 captured from the atmosphere was higher than that emitted during respiration in both the ley and wheat agroecosystems. The net ecosystem production (NEP) of 11.48 and 11.58 μmol m-2s-1 of the OF and CF ley was higher than the 8.93 and 9.42 μmol m-2s-1 of the OF and CF wheat, respectively. Given the Rs+a and CO2 sequestered in the biomass data, the difference between the carbon exchange for the OF and CF agroecosystems was insignificant. Therefore, the crop might be a more important CO2 sequestration factor than the farming type in planned rotation. Specifically, ley is preferred over winter wheat (irrespective of the farming system) for curbing the atmospheric C in biomass in terms of ecology. Nonetheless, the preference also depends on a farm’s practical purposes.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2; 629-641
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of chemical composition of selected winter wheat species
Porownanie skladu chemicznego ziarna wybranych gatunkow pszenicy
Autorzy:
Rachon, L
Szumilo, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
wheat
plant species
winter wheat
hard wheat
spelt
grain quality
chemical composition
macronutrient
microelement
comparison
Opis:
Chemical composition of common wheat – Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare Vill. Host., hard wheat – Triticum durum Desf., and spelt – Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta (L.) Thell grains was investigated. Total protein, wet gluten, fiber, ash, carbohydrates, falling number, macronutrients (phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium), and microelements (copper, iron, manganese, zinc) were determined. Also standard deviation, variability and correlation coefficients were calculated. Hard wheat and spelt lines were characterized by much higher contents of total protein, wet gluten, and falling number value than common wheat; however, the highest protein concentration and falling number was recorded in grains of hard wheat. Common wheat was distinguished by low ash content and the highest carbohydrates level. Higher percentage of macronutrients and microelements in grains of spelt and hard wheat, as compared to common wheat, confirms the usefulness of these species for foodstuff production. Among the qualitative traits studied, content of carbohydrates appeared to be the least variable (cv = 2.2%), while the highest variability (cv = 31.1%) was shown by fat content. Significant correlations for the following trait pairs were observed: protein–gluten, protein–carbohydrates, fat–ash, fat–falling number, carbohydrates– gluten, and ash–falling number.
Badano skład chemiczny ziarna pszenicy zwyczajnej – Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare Vill. Host., pszenicy twardej – Triticum durum Desf. i orkiszu pszennego – Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta (L.) Thell. Określono zawartość białka ogólnego, glutenu mokrego, włókna, tłuszczu, popiołu, węglowodanów, liczby opadania, makroelementów (fosforu, potasu, wapnia, magnezu) i mikroelementów (miedzi, żelaza, manganu, cynku). Obliczono także odchylenie standardowe, współczynniki zmienności oraz współczynniki korelacji. U badanych linii pszenicy twardej i orkiszu pszennego wykazano znacznie wyższą zawartość białka ogólnego, glutenu mokrego oraz wyższą liczbę opadania niż u odmiany pszenicy zwyczajnej, przy czym najwyższą zawartość białka i liczbę opadania stwierdzono w ziarnie pszenicy twardej. Pszenica zwyczajna wyróżniała się niską zawartością popiołu i największym udziałem węglowodanów. Wyższy udział makro- i mikroelementów w ziarnie orkiszu pszennego i pszenicy twardej, w porównaniu z pszenicą zwyczajną, potwierdza dużą przydatność tych gatunków w produkcji żywności. Spośród badanych cech jakościowych zawartość węglowodanów okazała się cechą najmniej zmienną (cv = 2,2%). Największą z kolei zmiennością (cv = 31,1%) charakteryzowała się zawartość tłuszczu. Wykazano istotne korelacje dla następujących par cech: białko–gluten, białko–węglowodany, tłuszcz–popiół, tłuszcz– liczba opadania, węglowodany–gluten i popiół–liczba opadania.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2009, 14, 1; 135-145
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of high nitrogen doses on yield, quality and chemical composition grain of winter wheat cultivars
Autorzy:
Janczak-Pieniazek, M.
Buczek, J.
Jarecki, W.
Bobrecka-Jamro, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
hybrid wheat
nitrogen fertilization
yield
quality parameters
macronutrients
micronutrients
variety
Opis:
Nitrogen fertilization is the basic element of a wheat cultivation technology, affecting the volume and quality of grain yield. The aim of this study, conducted in 2016-2019, was to assess the yield, quality parameters and chemical composition of the grain of hybrid cultivars fertilized with higher doses of nitrogen compared to a winter wheat population cultivar. The experiment was established on brown peat with the textural composition of silt loam (2016/2017 and 2018/2019) and clay loam (2017/2018). The soil was classified as a Fluvic Cambisol (CMfv). The first factor studied was nitrogen fertilization at doses: N150 – 150 kg ha-1 (three applications: 60+50+40) and N200 – 200 kg ha-1 (four applications: 60+80+40+20). The second factor was four cultivars of winter wheat: hybrid cultivars Hyking, Hypocamp and Hyvento, and a population variety Artist. The grain of the hybrid cultivars had good quality parameters (Hyking, Hyvento) and higher yields as well as a greater content of iron, copper, zinc and phosphorus in the grain (Hypocamp) compared to the population cultivar. The weather conditions with less rainfall, including a very dry period during wheat grain formation and maturation, depressed the grain yield but resulted in better quality traits and a higher content of macro- and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu) in the grain. The application of a nitrogen dose of 200 kg ha-1 compared to 150 kg ha-1 caused an increase in the yield and quality of the hybrid wheat grain, without differentiating the mineral composition of grain in terms of the content of K, Ca and Mg as well as Zn and Mn.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 3; 1005-1017
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Content of macronutrients in winter wheat grain depending on the sowing date and level of NPK fertilization
Autorzy:
Brzozowska, I.
Brzozowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15948.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 1
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Yield and quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to different systems of foliar fertilization
Autorzy:
Jankowski, K.J.
Hulanicki, P.S.
Sokolski, M.
Hulanicki, P.
Dubis, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
Foliar fertilizers are increasingly used in agricultural practice to maximize the yield potential of T. aestivum. Foliar fertilization can effectively reverse nutritional deficiencies (macronutrients), and it can be used as the main method for supplying plants with the required micronutrients. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various systems of foliar micronutrient and macronutrient fertilization on the yield and quality of wheat grain. A field experiment was carried out in 2012-2015, in the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny, owned by the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The highest grain yield (10.16 Mg ha-1) of winter wheat was noted in the treatment where foliar fertilizers were supplied in 5 applications. It was higher by 230-430 to 660 kg ha-1 than in plots where foliar fertilizers were supplied in 2 applications. Intensified foliar fertilization increased nitrogen (54%) and potassium (12%) concentrations, but decreased the magnesium (10%) content of winter wheat straw. The concentrations of phosphorus (0.34 g kg-1 dry matter (DM)), potassium (0.23 g kg-1 DM), calcium (0.40 g kg-1 DM) and sulfur (0.05 g kg-1 DM) in winter wheat grain increased in response to intensified foliar fertilization. Foliar application of liquid macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers increased micronutrient concentrations in winter wheat straw (copper, zinc, manganese, iron), but decreased the micronutrient content of grain (copper, zinc, iron). Intensified foliar fertilization significantly reduced total protein content (1.1 g kg-1 DM) and gluten content (0.9%) and deteriorated protein quality. The influence of different foliar fertilization systems on the falling number was determined by precipitation levels during the heading and ripening of winter wheat. The rheological properties of dough (development, stability and softness) improved each year in response to intensified foliar fertilization with macronutrients and micronutrients.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2016, 21, 3
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of sulfur-containing fertilizers on the quantity and quality of spring oilseed rape and winter wheat yield
Autorzy:
Filipek-Mazur, B.
Tabak, M.
Gorczyca, O.
Lisowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2019, 24, 4
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of application of Mg-Tytanit stimulator on winter wheat yielding and quantitative parameters of wheat straw and grain
Autorzy:
Kovacik, P.
Wisniowska-Kielian, B.
Smolen, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14048.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2018, 23, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of nitrogen fertilisation on the yield, micronutrient content and fatty acid profiles of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties
Autorzy:
Wojtkowiak, K.
Stepien, A.
Pietrzak-Fiecko, R.
Werechowska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2018, 23, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of agronomic practices on yield, grain quality and root infestation by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici of winter wheat
Autorzy:
Woźniak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53666428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:
The yielding and yield quality are affected by interactions of complex dependencies between the plant, the habitat, and the agricultural practice. The goals of this study were to determine grain yield, grain quality, and winter wheat root infestation by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in crop rotation and monoculture. The experiment was established with the method of equivalent subblocks (25 m × 6 m) in three replications. The main experimental factor was the cropping systems (CS), and the second-order experimental factor was the tillage systems (TS). Winter wheat was sown in the following crop rotations: (i) CR-A: potato – winter wheat – peas – winter barley; (ii) CR-B: peas – winter barley – winter wheat – spring wheat; and (iii) MON: multi-year wheat monoculture. The following tillage systems were applied in CR-A, CR-B, and MON: (a) conventional tillage (CT); (b) reduced tillage (RT); and (c) no-tillage (NT). Wheat grain yield was affected by CS more than by TS; its highest value was recorded in CR-A followed by CR-B, whereas the lowest one – in MON. Higher grain yield was also obtained in NT and RT than in CT. The CR-A and CR-B as well as CT systems were found to elicit positive effects on the gluten content of wheat grain, grain weight per volume, Zeleny’s sedimentation index, grain uniformity, and ash content of the grain. Wheat root infestation by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici was more severe in MON than in CR-A and CR-B, and in NT than in CT and RT.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2023, 28, 4; 1021-1035
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the effect of different levels of nitrogen and manganese fertiliser on the yield, macronutrient content and technological properties of winter wheat
Autorzy:
Stepien, A.
Wojtkowiak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2019, 24, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nickel content in grain of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivated on loessial soil, depending on liming and mineral fertilization
Autorzy:
Wlasniewski, S.
Nazarkiewicz, M.
Hajduk, E.
Marchel, M.
Kaniuczak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15894.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2019, 24, 1
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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